Where was this god worshipped?

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5

1. Greece2. Rome3. Egypt4. North America

Who is this Egyptian god?

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30

1. Ptah2. Osiris3. Horus4. Ra

Ptah is the Egyptian god of the:

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5

1. sun2. moon3. sky4. primordial mound

Who is this goddess?

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30

1. Nun2. Osiris3. Isis4. Nephthys

Which of these cities was not a regligious cult center in ancient Egypt?

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1. MEMPHIS2. HELIOPOLIS3. ALEXANDRIA4. HERMOPOLIS5. THEBES

Hittites

Seated Hittite Deity13th Cent. B.CMET NYCTelepinu

Babylonian Creation Storiesanthropomorphic godsBabylonMesopotamiapolytheismEnuma ElishApsuTiamatMardukIshtar

BabylonBabylonian refers to any of the peoples who occupied Mesopotamia from the days of the early Sumerians and Akkadians, right through to 539 BC, when Babylon fell to the Persian leader Cyrus. Mesopotamia refers to the land around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers which is now part of modern Iraq

Source: http://home.no.net/torawo/skole/samfunnsfag/mesopotamia.htm

Babylonians

• had an advanced and prosperous civilization

• lived in cities

• wrote in cuneiform: business records as well as literature and law

• were ruled by Hammurabi: 1760 BCE

http://ragz-international.com/babylonia.htm

Science of the Babylonians• had considerable engineering knowledge and skill which they

used in the preparation of maps, surveys, and plans involved the use of leveling instruments and measuring rods

• observed the heavens in a detailed and accurate manner over many centuries.

Science of the Babylonians (2)• had a base-60 place value system • used fractions for calculations in base sixty• they used a year of 12 months and a week of 7 days, and

also originated the division of the day into hours, minutes, and seconds

• developed an extensive algebra which allowed them to solve quadratic equations as well as both third and fourth order equations, and als and simultaneous equations in several unknowns. They had an effective algorithm for computing square roots, and generated a remarkable approximation to Ö2. Using their version of log tables they solved problems in compound interest using linear interpolation.

Mesopotamian gods slay a fiery seven-headed dragon. The image is from a cylinder seal (cf. fig.16.Alexander Heidel. The Babylonian Genesis, The Story of Creation. 1942, 1951. University of Chicago Press. Reprint 1993)

Enuma Elish

The Babylonian creation story is found in an epic poem from the second millennium BCE titled the

Enuma Elish (=“when in the height”)

http://www.sacred-texts.com/ane/enuma.htm

Cosmology of the Babylonians

• creation takes place in a watery waste

• mingling of Apsu (sweet water) and Tiamat (salt water)

• The god Marduk makes the earth from the body of Tiamat, a monster he kills

• The heavens are formed from her upper part and the waters are the liquids which flowed from her veins

http://www.goetter-und-mythen.de/marduk.htm

Babylonian Ishtar

• Goddess of animal and human fertility

• Her influence was felt throughout the world

• Worshipped by sex with temple prostitutes

http://www.astroconsulting.com/FAQs/goddesses.htm