Which of the following functions are accomplished by cell division?a)growth, communication, and developmentb)growth, repair, and reproductionc)development, communication, and reproductiond) growth, communication, and repair

Which of the following functions are accomplished by cell division?a)growth, communication, and developmentb)growth, repair, and reproductionc)development, communication, and reproductiond) growth, communication, and repair

During asexual reproduction, the genetic material of the parent is passed on to the offspring by

A) homologous pairing. B) mitosis and cytokinesis. C) meiosis and fertilization. D) meiosis and cytokinesis.

During asexual reproduction, the genetic material of the parent is passed on to the offspring by

A) homologous pairing. B) mitosis and cytokinesis. C) meiosis and fertilization. D) meiosis and cytokinesis.

As the result of normal mitosis, the daughter cells area)identical to neither the parent cell nor to each other b)genetically identical to each other but not to the parent cellc)genetically identical to the parent cell but not to each otherd)genetically identical to the parent cell and to each other

As the result of normal mitosis, the daughter cells area)identical to neither the parent cell nor to each other b)genetically identical to each other but not to the parent cellc)genetically identical to the parent cell but not to each otherd)genetically identical to the parent cell and to each other

An animal cell with 12 chromosomes undergoes normal mitosis. What is the total number of chromosomes in each of the resulting daughter cells?

a) 6    b) 8   c) 12     d) 24

An animal cell with 12 chromosomes undergoes normal mitosis. What is the total number of chromosomes in each of the resulting daughter cells?

a) 6    b) 8   c) 12     d) 24

Asexual reproduction of diploid organisms normally results in new organisms that contain cells withA)fewer chromosomes than are found in the cells of the parentB)the haploid number of chromosomesC)more chromosomes than are found in the cells of the parentD)the diploid number of chromosomes

Asexual reproduction of diploid organisms normally results in new organisms that contain cells withA)fewer chromosomes than are found in the cells of the parentB)the haploid number of chromosomesC)more chromosomes than are found in the cells of the parentD)the diploid number of chromosomes

Cancer is a disease characterized by thea.uncontrolled cell division of abnormal cellsb.limited production of normal fertilized eggsc.unlimited production of abnormal gametesd.reduced cell division of quiescent cells

Cancer is a disease characterized by thea.uncontrolled cell division of abnormal cellsb.limited production of normal fertilized eggsc.unlimited production of abnormal gametesd.reduced cell division of quiescent cells

Which of the following statements is false?

A) a typical body cell is called a somatic cellB) gametes are haploid cellsC) somatic cells are diploidD) somatic cells are made by meiosis

Which of the following statements is false?

A) a typical body cell is called a somatic cellB) gametes are haploid cellsC) somatic cells are diploidD) somatic cells are made by meiosis

Which process must occur before the mitotic phase of the cell cycle begins?

A. reformation of the nuclear envelopeB. replication of the chromosomesC. cytoplasmic divisionD. Separation of the sister chromatids

Which process must occur before the mitotic phase of the cell cycle begins?

A. reformation of the nuclear envelopeB. replication of the chromosomesC. cytoplasmic divisionD. Separation of the sister chromatids

Which of the following indicates the types of cells that are produced in humans by meiosis and mitosis?a)body cells (somatic cells ) are produced in both mitosis and meiosisb)body cells are produced in meiosis; gametes in mitosisc)gametes are produced in both meiosis and mitosisd)body cells are produced in mitosis; gametes in meiosis

Which of the following indicates the types of cells that are produced in humans by meiosis and mitosis?a)body cells (somatic cells ) are produced in both mitosis and meiosisb)body cells are produced in meiosis; gametes in mitosisc)gametes are produced in both meiosis and mitosisd)body cells are produced in mitosis; gametes in meiosis

Prior to cell division, each chromosome replicates or duplicates its genetic material. The products are connected by a centromere and are called: A.sister chromosomes B.homologous chromosomes C.sex chromosomes D.sister chromatids

Prior to cell division, each chromosome replicates or duplicates its genetic material. The products are connected by a centromere and are called: A. B. C. D.sister chromatids

What is the correct relationship among DNA, genes and chromosomes? A)A gene contains many chromosomes which are composed of proteins B)A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of DNA C)A gene is composed of proteins which are found on the chromosomes D)A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of proteins

What is the correct relationship among DNA, genes and chromosomes? A)A gene contains many chromosomes which are composed of proteins B)A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of DNA C)A gene is composed of proteins which are found on the chromosomes D)A chromosome contains many genes which are composed of proteins

Place these stages of the cell cycle in the correct order.

Place these stages of the cell cycle in the correct order.

C, B, D, A

Provide the appropriate NAME for each of these phases of mitosis.

Provide the appropriate NAME for each of these phases of mitosis.

A.Telophase leading into cytokinesisB.MetaphaseC.ProphaseD.Anaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle are the sister chromatids fully attached to mitotic spindle and aligned across the center of the cell at the equator.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle are the sister chromatids fully attached to mitotic spindle and aligned across the center of the cell at the equator.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm divide to produce two separate daughter cells.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm divide to produce two separate daughter cells.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle is the DNA replicated to produce sister chromatids attached at a centromere.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle is the DNA replicated to produce sister chromatids attached at a centromere.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle are the sister chromatids pulled apart and moved toward opposite sides of the cell by the mitotic spindle.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which phase of the cell cycle are the sister chromatids pulled apart and moved toward opposite sides of the cell by the mitotic spindle.A.ProphaseB.AnaphaseC.InterphaseD.CytokinesisE.Metaphase

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for complete and accurate DNA replication.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for complete and accurate DNA replication.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for complete attachment of all sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle via their kinetochores.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for complete attachment of all sister chromatids to the mitotic spindle via their kinetochores.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for appropriate cell size.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for appropriate cell size.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for DNA damage.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for DNA damage.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for alignment of the sister chromatids across the equator on a line equidistant from the two poles.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

During which cell cycle checkpoint are the cells checked for alignment of the sister chromatids across the equator on a line equidistant from the two poles.A.G1 to S checkpoint

B.G2 to M checkpoint

C.Metaphase to anaphase checkpointD.A and B.

Which of the following statements is TRUE.A.Cancer cells exhibit density-dependent inhibition and therefore will only grow one cell layer deep in culture.B.All normal cells have a characteristic rounded shape, while cancer cells tend to be more stretched out and irregular in their shape. C.The majority of cancer cells are in a G0 phase of quiescence. D.Normal cells spend approximately 80-90% of their time in the interphase portion of the cell cycle.

Which of the following statements is TRUE.A.Cancer cells exhibit density-dependent inhibition and therefore will only grow one cell layer deep in culture.B.All normal cells have a characteristic rounded shape, while cancer cells tend to be more stretched out and irregular in their shape. C.The majority of cancer cells are in a G0 phase of quiescence. D.Normal cells spend approximately 80-90% of their time in the interphase portion of the cell cycle.

Which of the following statements is TRUE.A.Normal cells are usually aneuploid and cancer cells are usually diploid.B.Normal cells will frequently grow several cell layers deep, since they do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition.C.Normal cells have a defined and distinct shape that reflects their normal cellular function, whereas cancer cells are frequently smaller and rounded in appearance.D.Cancer cells are more dependent on growth factors and other external signals than normal cells are.

Which of the following statements is TRUE.A.Normal cells are usually aneuploid and cancer cells are usually diploid.B.Normal cells will frequently grow several cell layers deep, since they do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition.C.Normal cells have a defined and distinct shape that reflects their normal cellular function, whereas cancer cells are frequently smaller and rounded in appearance.D.Cancer cells are more dependent on growth factors and other external signals than normal cells are.

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called A)an advantageB) codon. C)a mutation. D)an anticodon

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called A)an advantageB) codon. C)a mutation. D)an anticodon

A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called 

a) an anticodon b) a terminatorc) a transposon d) a mutagen.

A physical or chemical agent that changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called 

a) an anticodon b) a terminatorc) a transposon d) a mutagen.

Which of the following is not an effect of a mutation?

A) prevents a protein from forming B) lowers the amount of a protein C) adds a function to a protein D) any of the above can occur

Which of the following is not an effect of a mutation?

A) prevents a protein from forming B) lowers the amount of a protein C) adds a function to a protein D) any of the above can occur

A spontaneous mutation usually originates as an error in

A) DNA replication. B) DNA transcriptionC) translation. D) reverse transcription.

A spontaneous mutation usually originates as an error in

A) DNA replication. B) DNA transcriptionC) translation. D) reverse transcription.

True or False? A mutation always causes a mutant phenotype.

A) true B) false C) cannot be determined

True or False? A mutation always causes a mutant phenotype.

A) true B) false C) cannot be determined

Which of the following are known to be carcinogenic (cancer causing) mutagens.

A) UV radiation from the sunB) X-raysC) Certain chemical compoundsD) All of the above

Which of the following are known to be carcinogenic (cancer causing) mutagens.

A) UV radiation from the sunB) X-raysC) Certain chemical compoundsD) All of the above

Which of the following statements is TRUE. A) Oncogenes are activated by mutations to

become cancer-causing proto-oncogenes.B) The normal cellular function of tumor

suppressor genes is to stimulate progression of the cell cycle.

C) Oncogenes act to slow down the cell cycle. D) Cancer causing mutations in tumor suppressor

genes are usually recessive, meaning that both alleles of the gene must be mutated for an effect to be observed.

Which of the following statements is TRUE. A) Oncogenes are activated by mutations to

become cancer-causing proto-oncogenes.B) The normal cellular function of tumor

suppressor genes is to stimulate progression of the cell cycle.

C) Oncogenes act to slow down the cell cycle. D) Cancer causing mutations in tumor suppressor

genes are usually recessive, meaning that both alleles of the gene must be mutated for an effect to be observed.

Which of the following is a tumor suppressor gene known to be inactivated in approximately 50% of identified cancers.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) Ras.D) Cyclins.

Which of the following is a tumor suppressor gene known to be inactivated in approximately 50% of identified cancers.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) Ras.D) Cyclins.

Which of the following statements is FALSE. A) Oncogenes frequently result from mutations in

normal cellular genes that regulate the cell cycle called “proto-oncogenes”.

B) Oncogenes can be activated by certain viral infections.

C) Cancer causing mutations in proto-oncogenes genes are usually recessive, meaning that both alleles of the gene must be mutated for an effect to be observed.

D) Mutant oncogenes act as a “gas pedal” driving continuous cell division.

Which of the following statements is FALSE. A) Oncogenes frequently result from mutations in

normal cellular genes that regulate the cell cycle called “proto-oncogenes”.

B) Oncogenes can be activated by certain viral infections.

C) Cancer causing mutations in proto-oncogenes genes are usually recessive, meaning that both alleles of the gene must be mutated for an effect to be observed.

D) Mutant oncogenes act as a “gas pedal” driving continuous cell division.

Which of the following is a tumor suppressor gene involved in regulating entry into S-phase.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) CDKs (Cyclin Dependent Kinases).D) Cyclins.E) A and BF) C and D

Which of the following is a tumor suppressor gene involved in regulating entry into S-phase.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) CDKs (Cyclin Dependent Kinases).D) Cyclins.E) A and BF) C and D

Which of the following is a proto-oncogene involved in promoting entry into S-phase.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) CDKs (Cyclin Dependent Kinases).D) Cyclins.E) A and BF) C and D

Which of the following is a proto-oncogene involved in promoting entry into S-phase.

A) Rb.B) p53.C) CDKs (Cyclin Dependent Kinases).D) Cyclins.E) A and BF) C and D