”Whose future – our future”Theclimate andecological crisis,

andthedemocratictransformationof theglobal

(fossil)societyAnintroduction

with adoublefocus:theperspective of thechildren/young people;andinaglobalcontext

DavidFopp

SeniorLecturer - StockholmUniversity

What isitabout?

• 1Introduction• 2Analysis:climate crisis,democracy andactivism• 3Thepolitical andeconomic framework• 4Anewway of thinking• 5How togetthere?About activism andtheneeded transformation

IIntroduction

1Theproblem• We are inthemiddle of aclimate andecological crisis

• Theworld isontheway to3degrees of warming and6thmass extinction of species• Even with implementationof NDCs,notfollowing Parisagreement• 4degrees difference:lastice age;since 10000years holozän constant CO2andtemperature• What globalwarming means:see Wallace-Wells”Theuninhibitable earth”

• Flooding,uninhibitable partsof theworld due toheat,…• Socialconflicts around resources:water,food,…

• ”Fossilsociety”:specific structure of our societies (depending onoil,coal,gas;specific structure of companies;politics;jurisdiction;…)• We can change this:correlation between CO2-productionthrough transport,energy production,andsoon(Keeling curve:CO2intheair)and

warming;between ways of producing what we eat (animals),of replacing forestst with planted trees (ornothing)- andwarming andbiodiversityloss

• Therefore:Childrenandyoung people are inthestreets,school striking fortheclimate (startinAugust2018,GretaThunberg,Stockholm)• They can´t vote;they can´t change thelaws;their future isnotrepresented inthedemocratic process• But itistheir future which isatstake• Andthefuture of thousands of species

• Conclusion:• There isahuge deficitinour democratic systems• There isareason why we are inacrisis andthere are ways how toreact tothat andreorganize our societies

2Thequestions

• What does this mean indetail – ananalysis of thecrisis• What isour taskasgrown-ups inrelationtothechilcren´s future,andhow could anmulti/inter-generational reaction looklike?• What isneeded asasocietal transformationtowards asustainabledemocratic globalsociety?• Which values andnormsshould govern this process?

3Thefocus

• Doubleperspective• Childrenandyoung people,especially theones which are climate striking (difference between”totake theperspective of thechildren”and”thechildren´s own perspective”(realparticipation,citizenship)

• Globalperspective• Inthesenseof linking allpeoples perspective together,including globalSouthandNorth,andeven

focusing onthe(problematic)history of thepower-relations• Not”globalization”inthemeaning of ”free market”-neoliberalismideology

• Leadingtomain challenge:how toorganize democracy linked tothetwoperspectives

• Children:participation;representationdeficit• Globalsociety:how toestablish democratic perspective inglobalscale?• Task:Formulating”substantial”democracy related tochildren´s future andonglobalscale

• This lecture presentsarather popular,transdiciplinary approachlinking togetherhighly specialised fields of academic research(climate science,sustainabilitystudies,childhood studies,politics,philosophy,political economics etc)

IITheanalysis

4 Thesituation

• Every day newcatastrophic facts about theecosystems• We liveina1-1.2degree warmer world compared topre-industrial levels• Ontheway to3degrees;4degrees:difference toice age• Hugelossof biodiversity (6thmass extinction)• Amazonasrain forest burning,Australian bushfires,Flooding inMocambique• 9systemic Tipping points andFeedbackloops:Arcticice disappears almostduring summer,change ingulfstream etc

• 18degree warm atAntarctica inJanuary 2020• =cracking ”planetary boundaries”:

• concept invented byresearchers(Rockströmetal.)linking climate change,biodiveristy,plastic,nitrogen,oceanacidification etc.into one big picture

• what does itmean toliveinaway which is”sustainable”:does notdestroy thepossibilityforthenext generationstosatisfy their needs (Brundtlandt-definition)

Theexistential dimension

• These numbers are linked tosuffering:• Climate change:suffering especially intheglobalSouth:flooding,heat,lossof societies,materialbasisforlife

andsoon

• Biodiversity loss:that we destroy thehabitatof thousands of speciessothat they are extinct forever,meanssuffering fortheanimalsthemselves losing their habitatetc

• Suffering intheformof climate andenvironmental anxiety,grief,especially amongts children

• These numbers are also linked tolove,engagement,caring,commitment,concern• Lovefornature andtheenormous beauty andwealth init

• Loveforother humanfellows andconcern fortheir lives

• Commitment,engagement inactivism

• Problemwith researchwhich does nottake inthis existential dimensionof thecrisis andthereaction toit• Thescientific world-view asdetached fromtheexistential dimensionisapartof theproblemof themodern

Westernthinking andits ”dialectic of enlightment”(Adorno,criticial theory,posthumanism,humane-ism)

Thebig picture• What we did inlast50years:

• Co2inatmosphere:Keeling curve;absurdamount:burning such vast amounts of oil,coal isalmost unimaginable• Destruction of habitats,forestst• Over60percent of speciesextinct byhumanbehaviour• Almost nowild life left:absurd:we destroyed wildlife andput our animalsinstead:cows andchickens;planted trees instead of forests• Andthese animals(producing methane)are hold ininhumanecircumstances (Foer)• Logic of economy (see later):we take everything out of nature,burn itorchange itinto waste andputtingitbackinto nature (violence;see KateRaworth ”linear way of

procution”instead of circular• Leadingtoenormous wealth forsome people,andtobiggest companies inhistory:”fossilsociety”with 100capital societies producing 70percent of CO2

• with fossilindustry itself:Exxon,BP,Shell;car industry;airplanes,military industry etc• Banksinvesting init(CS,UBS,JPMorganetc)• Jurisdiction allowing it• MediaandLobbyingnottaking distance• Politics creating theframework forit• Leadingto”fossilsociety”:normalizing ahigly destructive behaviour,infrastructure,mindset (M.Göpel)andideology behind it

• Leads toenormous fastwarming (warmest 10years now,2degrees warming means 5to7degrees insome places)• Arcticice shield almost gone insummer,ice soup instead.Feedbackloopwith Albedo effect andtipping point with gulfstream change,oceansare linked• Bigpartsuninhibitable,partsof India,middle east;but also damaging tosoil andagriculture alloverworld;andglaciersgone,water scarcity• leadingtosocialconflicts

• Doubleperspective of children andglobaldimension:• During lifetime of climate striking children:enormous riskof ”hell”onearth• Globalinjustice:globalSouthmore vulnarbale,more lossanddamage already happening,while notcontributed toglobalwarming andextinction insameway

• Our societies are governed byeconomic principles,values andideologies which• 1)give incentives tocracktheplanetary boundaries• 2)are notfittocare forahumanlife indignity foreveryone (”needs”):resources andspacetolivein,food,health,education,equal rights … - even ifthere are enough of wealth andresources forall

• 3)have huge democratic deficits:perspective of children; globalcontext• We can change this,we know theproblemandknow what shoudl bedone• Shortterm:regulations,transformationsof allsystemic sectors (see later)• Shortandmiddle term:shift of way of thinking,foundation of economy

5Thereaction bythenewmovements• Newmovements:FridaysForFuture andExtinctionRebellion (starting 2018)

• Ledbyyoung people (GretaThunbergandco.),”everyday”people

• Organized asgrassroot movements (notNGOs,nomembership,nohierarchy…)with democratic network structures• Using non-violent direct actionandcivildisobedience:blocking innercities;notgoingtoschool

• Operatinginsocialmediaandinface-to-face-gatherings• Operatingonlocal,nationalandgloballevels

• Adressing thecore of thepolitical power:sitting/blocking infront of governments (notonly specific sectors of thefossilindustry likeEndeGelände,greenpeace andsoon)

• Combining 1)clear anddetermined emergency break-function (blockade,strike)with 2)overallframework of change (follow Parisagreement,socialjustice,zero emissionswithin next years:2025forXR;2030forpartsof FFF)

• Linking their protesttoscience• ”Science”:which kindof scientific community andresearch?(See ”ScientistsForFuture”-statements)

• IPCC/Climate science• Earthsystemscience• Economy,sociology• Philosophy etc

• Combined with perspective of climate andsocialjustice,equity andinclusiveness/intersectional analysis of injustices

How toaskthemain question

• Thequestion resulting fromthis analysis of thesituation:• How toconceptualize thechange andtransformationwe need?• What iswrong andwhat should bedone,how?• Two approaches:

• Frompolicytopolitics:starting with specific demands,forexample• CO2-tax• Regulation of production (transport:car;energy etc)• Universalbasic income (nationalandglobal)• =problem:how tointegrate?How toguarantee that themost inneed are nottreated with injustice?

(Yellow West-challenge)• Fromanalysis of overallproblemsandtheframework of thinking topolictis,topolicies

• Systemic thinking:we should startwith theframework andfoundation andgetfromthere tospecific nextsteps(Raworth,Göpel,…)

• Linked tothequestion:how tochange societies:historically:notonly through singularpolicy-demandswithin samediscoursive scheme,but through change of discourse itself (Rancières ”politics”versus”police”;andChenoweth analysis of socialmovements (forwomens rights,workers rights,civilrights)

6 How toanalyze thesituation

• Transformation-theories (MajaGöpel,Raworth,Chenoweth):• Systemic approach(”fossilsociety”;mindshift)• Itisnotenough tochange some laws,policies (”we need anewway of thinking”)• Transdiciplinary:economics,philosophy,sociology,…• Linked tosocialmovements approach

• Shift inresearch:instead of ”how providing growth”etc. ”where togo”?• Newcentralquestion of economics,sociology etc (against mainstreamneoclassic approachwhichreinforces capitalistic organized market-approachwithout alternatives)

• KateRaworth:Doughnut• 1)safe andjustspacetoprovide alife indignity forall• 2)within 9planetary boundaries• 3)andproviding resources foreveryone´s ”needs”

• Which means:regenerative,distributive,just,… societies,economies• 1)Stopping immediately ongoing desstruction of habitats;2)Building sustainable wealthforall

KateRaworth

7Beyond Raworth – myresearchindemocratization of democracies• Question:Inthis model (”justandsafe space”),what isthe”doughnut”made of”• Specific formof democracy concerncing economic,societal structures (values,definitionof onwership,relationtonature etc.)• Double-structure• 1)Seeing through andgetting ridof socialrelationsof dominance (individual andstructural)

• Intersectional analysis:gender,ethnicity,class,age,globalNorth/South• Commonground of alldimensions:concept of ”dominance”

• 2)”Giving value”(more than recognition,esteem),”taking care of”,sharing (inrelationtonature andhumanfellows)• Forexample:Problemof unpaid ”care economy”which is”core”economy (education,cooking,health

care…),with genderinjustices• 3)Both aspects together:”Being humane”(frompersonalattitude topolitical systems)

• ”Humane-ism”• Difference to”humanism”(ethics,anthropology,moral),traditional Westernrationalistic project (see critical theory

etc.)• uniting ecologism,feminism,post-socialismetc

• This double-structure is”substantial”definitionof democracy• Complementing ”formal”structures:elections;deliberative debates etc.

• Andprovides framework forthetransformational,”democratizing”process(1.beyond dominance;2.care)• Perspective ontransformationandgoal:what issustainable society• Perspective onprocessleadingtogoal (including innerorganization of newmovements)• Noeco-dictatorship etc• Challengeforgrassroot movements todemocratize themselves:creating inclusiveness,globalintegration,culture of respect andsoon

IIIThespecific framework forthetransformationresulting fromtheanalysis of theclimate crisis

8Thetransformationitself

• Hottogetthere (tosustainable society)?• Which rules?• How togetthem into place?• How todevelop themovements?

• Transformation/systemic-theory approach• With specialfocusondouble-structure of ”humane”globaldemocracy• andfromperspective of young people striking

9 Thepolitical consequences of theclimatescience:emissionbudgets• Parisagreement,decisive factor:1.5degree target

• Democratic dimenson:Parisagreement (”well below 2°”)asgloballegalfoundation• Scientific dimension:

• Already 1degree now islinked tosuffering,especially forglobalSouth• Hugedifference between 1.5and2degrees of warming,especially fortipping points andfeedbackloops(IPCCSR15,October

2018)• Correlation between emissions(tonsof CO2)(see Keeling curve,measuring theCO2-concentration)andglobal

warming:specific predictions since >30years

• With perspective of thechildren andglobaljustice perspective inmind:scenario1inIPCCSR15• We can create emissionbudgetfor”remaining”0.5degree of warming

• Ca340GTCO2worldwide andca45GTemission/year:8years left with existing emissions• Even this islinked tohuge risks• Many scientistssay that we have already produced emissionswhich will lead to>2degrees of warming (for

example Aerosol-problem:pollution,cooling thesystem)• See also FeedbackloopsandTipping points problem

10Emissionbudgetsversus net-zero-targets• Why this approachof emissionbudgetsiscrucial:absolutenumbers

• Alternativeapproachof ”net zero 2050”-targetsismisleading

• Oreven worse: justlegitmating too many emissionswhich theyoung people fromtoday have todealwith• 1)Emissionbudgets:absolutenumbers;only these are relevant

• ”2045”can belinked to370MT(caSwiss/Swedishbudget)orto600MTor…;itdoesnt say anything about therealemissions

• 2)”Net-zero”:means that theyoung people have tocapture andstoreCO2,somehow• Almost allIPCC-scenarioscount in”negativeemissions”inthefuture (>2050)(see critique bySchellnhuber)which compensate fortoo many

emissionsnow – mainly technoligal ones• Hugedemocratic problem:nobody knows that;confusion when reading IPCC-reports;problemare nottechnologies inthemselves (also linked to

problems),but relying onfuture may-betechnology• Problem:There isnotechnology inhuge scale which allows thecapturing andstoring• Obvioulsy good with reforesting;”nature-based”-solutionsare okif really rewildering,realforests etc;danger with ”Shell”-nature-based solutions

asartificially created and”bought”compensation toemissions(see greenpeace camopagne:frorestss instead of palnted trees)• Hugejustice-problemswith offestting and”reducing”ones emissionsabroad (Switzerland forexample):notaseffective asoften said;injust;we

have toreduce theemissionsourselves:from14ton/person(Swiss)to1.5within very few years

• 3)Globaljustice:Instead of ”net-”we need ”real-zero”,which means:almost zero emissions;notoffsetting;tradingaway (chapter 6,Parisagreement):thegrown-ups inthericher partsof theworld need totake responsibility fortheir own emissions,• respecting globaljustice• andthegenerationof theyoung

• With these two aspects (globaljustice andchildren´s perspective):how toshare theglobalIPCCbudgetof 340GT-budget?

• Applying thefundamentaldemocratic principles of justice andequity,mentioned inParisagreement andKyotoprotocol:legally binding contracts• This means forcountries likeSweden,Germany andSwitzerland:reducing their emissionsbyover12%per

year fromnow on• Which leads tonear zero emissionsocieties innear future (rather 12than 30years)• Include shipping,flying;andconsumtion-related emissions(these are notincluded intheofficial statistics

which means:aSwissorSwedishcitizen isresponsable foraround 10-14ton,not6tonperyear;should be1.5year)

• What means ”justice”?• Thericher countries should stoptheemissionsfasterthan thepoorer (Schellnhuber:theglobalsociety should

benear zero around 2040,which means forWesterncountries:many years before)• pay a”fairshare”tothepoorer countries,• aswell ascontributing tothe”lossanddamage”already done through agreenfund which isnotstrctured ina

way sothat especially westerncompanies makeprofit

• This makesitpossible tocreate global,national,regionalandindividual emissionbudgets(drastic consequences which lead tosustainable,healthier societies andgive direction forcommontransformativeproject)

• All”GreenNewDeal”-plansshould belinked tothis kindof democratic justemissionbudgets(theEU”Greendeal”isnot)

• TheNDCs (EU,Swiss,etc)are notinline with these budgets(Switzerland has50percent reduction target to2030compared to1990,allowing emissison-cutsabroad;EUisdiscussing 55percent target;both are notatallontheway even tothese false ”net-zero”targets;see ”statement”byScientistsForFuture)

• Danger of future COP-meetings:”net-zero 2050”pledges instead of realemissionbudgets;”nature-based”-solutionwhich are notnatural;negativeemissiontechnology andgeoengeneering instead of reductions;nofairshare- andloss-and-damage-funding through realgreenfunds

11Transforming allsectors

• This approachhassystemic consequences forademocratic transformationof allsectors• Housing:Tree/cement;heating• Transport:public;electric;almost noflights• Agriculture:regnerative;plant-based diet• Energy:immediate globalbanof building of newfossilinfrastructrue;building renewable• Economy,finance,etc (see later):being sustainable themselves;notinvesting infossilindustry• SwissClimate Strikemovement hassketched apossible transformation(”Climate ActionPlan”)forcanton of Waadt;andSwitzerland

• This drastic transformationneeds democratic foundation• ”Citizenassemblies”anddebates toguarantee participation(UKandFrance govts with anattempttocreate climate assemblies onnationallevel)

• Getting ridof existing structures of dominance inthesocieties (gender,class,ethnicity…)• Systemic approach;notchanging hundred policies• Dilemmafor”ScientistsForFuture”:example of CO2-taxof 180Euro/tonwhich isjustified fornextgenerations,but notjusttothepoorer partof society;one solution:universalbasic income

• Timeframe:operatingviaregulations andnewstandards

12Keep thefossilfuels intheground andtakingdownfossilinfrastructure andfinancing• This approach(emissionbudgetsandstopping theemissions)isnotenough• There isadramatic problem:theglobalfossilsociety hasalready planned,through theexisting fossilinfrastructure-projects,fortheextraction of fartoo many tonsof fossilfuels producing emissisons which change theplanetforthegenerationof theyoung people inadesastrous way• Which correlates toemissionsdoubleashigh astheglobalbudget,seeUNEPProduction Gapreport• Ifwe digout theknown andfound oil,gasandcoal,itisimpossible tokeepthetemperature even near orbelow 2degrees• Sowe need asecond,complementary approach.We have tokeep thefossilfuels intheground andtaking downthefossilinfratsructure anditsfinancing• Solutionmustbeglobalandimmediate (inrespect tochildren´s future)

• How toorganize aglobaldemocratic transformationof thefossilindustryandinfrastructure?• There isananalogy:thenuclear non-proliferation treaty• Researchersdeveloped aglobalfossilfuel non-prolifaration treaty

• see www.fossilfueltreaty.org andNewelletal2018).• Stopping allplaning,financing andbuilding of newfossilinfrastructure• Taking theexisting infrastrcuture downwith theprinciples of equity andjustice and• Building arenewable energy systeminstead (Jacobsongroup inStanford2019;Teske etal2018)• What isneeded:tomakethis global”treaty”happen;andtheglobalcommonpublicbuidling of arenewable energy systemincluding grid

13Thedeeper challenge:thefossilsociety

• Understanding theunderlying challenge• We need tounderstandthestructure andlogic of thefossilsociety,andcompare itwith apossible globaldemocratic society (with theprinciples sketched above)• Why isitsodifficult tostoptheongoing destruction of our livingplanet?

Thebackbone of thefossilsociety

• We can makedifference betweencomponents andprocesses• Basiccomponents:

• Searching fornewfossilfuels• Extraction• Storage• Transport(pipelinesetc)• Raffinadaries• Creatingproducts (diesel,plasticetc)• Selling/buying• Consumtion• Making profit• Emissions

• This isadynamic system:when onecomponent isstopped/increased,thisinfluences theothers

Basicprocesses linked toallcomponents:- Legalprocesses- Financial processes

- Public:Pensionfunds;universities;cities,states (possible divestment)

- Private(100capital companiesproduce 70%of allemissions)

- Ideological processes (lobbying;givingsociallicence/legitimacy etc.)

- Political processes (governing allotherprocesses;including:accepting enormouswealth accumulation forafew)

- Tochange thefossilsociety means tochange these processes andtostopthecomponents of being built,used,legalizedandfinanced

14First summary:what isneeded tocreatedemocratic globalsustainable society

• 1)Emissionbudgets(instead of ”net-zero 2050targets”)

• global,national,regional,individual;

• Climate Actionplansbygovernments which breakdownsystemic sectors according tobudgets

• 2)A”globalfossilfuel non-proliferation treaty”

• which builds backthefossilinfrastructure andkeeps theoil,gasandcoal intheground;

• stopping allnewfinancing andbuilding backtheexisting infrastructure

• 3)Building arenewable energy system,publicfinanced including financing ”lossanddamage”

• A)Following theprinciples of equity and(social,historic,climate)justice

• B)Andenabling democracy inits double-structure of

• 1)getting ridof structure sof dominance (gender,class,ethnicty,globalSouth/North),

• 2)enabling relationsof taking care andgiving value (especialy tothe”core”ecomony)

15How togetthere – first sketch

• These 3pillars and2principles are already implicitinthedemands andthesubstance of thenewclimate movements (FFF,XR)• What isneeded bythegenerationof thegrown-ups/multi-generationalapproach:• buidling one commonglobalpolitical movement (for”one people onone planet”)• linking thenon-violent grassroot movements of FridaysForFuture andExtinctionRebellion totherestof civilsociety,sothat everybody can stand behindthem,andstand up with them

• notlonger accepting therules created bythelogic of thefossilsociety,reaching forglobalsubstantial democratic goals with perspective of children inmind

• forimmediate change which guarantees life indignity fortheyoung generation

IVNewways of thinking around theconcept”democratication of thesociety”

16Philosophical foundation

• Atthis point,mainstreamphilosophy (even critical theory)sais:• Definitionof fundamentalprinciples andvalues are result (ever changing)of deliberative processwithin

democracy (Habermas,Mouffe);ongoing debate about what freedom,justice andequality means• MyPhD:yes,but there are ”boundaries”liketheplanetary boundaries:alienationand”being incontact”as

aspects of establishing spaces of integrity anddignity (fromneurophysiology todevelomental psychology topolitical philosophy)

• Interdependency of four spaces:bodily (health etc),intersubjective,social(school,working place etc)andpolitical

• Compass:creation of socialspaces where we dont have tocut offthecontact toourselves andothers andnature

• Which means:goingbeyond relationsof dominance inrelationtoourselves,each other andnature towardsrelationsof recognition,sharing/caring,allowing realfreedom andequality

• Frommicro-activity (developmental psychology:attachmenttheory;Winnicott- third space)tomacro-activityof economic andideological systems(violence andsuffering linked tooppression)

• This isrelevantfordesignof transformation(problemwith certain formsof ”GreenNewDeal”)• ScientistForFuture dilemmawith designingisolated policies

• Doesnt change anything inrelationtoexisting structures of dominance

• So,we need aholistic,systemic view onpolitics,using thetransformationaway fromfossilsociety toimplement basic democraticprinciples

• TaskforScientistsForFuture:designsystemic holisitic approachwithin allsectors andlinking sectors,especially toeconimicprinciples andfinancial sector (anddoing thesamewithin universities;see below oneducation)

• Seeing through structures od dominance:”democratic relation”of meetingasequals isnotreally quantitativephenomenon;itiseither – ornot• School class (really establishing groups of equals)

• Working place

• Genderpower structures

• Structures of ownership

• Linked togiving value tothevaluable

• Leadingtodemocratic understanding of theconcept of integrity and”value”

• Newconcept of ”space”and”materialof integrity”ascompass.We can repareitordestroy itineveryday life,but even through theinstitutional framework of our economies

• Newway of thinking:Newway how link concepts of integrity – freedom – ownership andtheir relation

• Not:integrity asfreedom asowning aspossibility todominate (Lockeversus intuitiveunderstanding byyoungpeople:”who owns forest…”)

• Instead:integrity linked to”spaceandmaterial”of integrity (see other lectures davidfopp.com)

• Mirrored bypossible newfoundation of UNcharta• After WWII:focusonterritorialintegrity of nationsandpeace

• Leadingtodefinitionof globalinternationalrelationsasprotecting rights of domination overown territory;nothing aboutfuture generationsandnature

• We have newsituation:government can burn downAmazonas;orburn up coal;orbuild oil-field insea• Newcontract:we are one people onone planet.Interdependent of each others lives andtheliving planet(asthecommon

history of dominance shows)

Example of this newway of thinking/politics:Careeconomy ascore economy – what isseen asvalue• Example: Careeconomy is”core”economy (education,health care,…):especially inrelationtochildren andmulti/inter-generational (seevirus-crisis)• Gender:typical female work• Unpaid• Nopensions• No”value”,but often creating sustainable value (noemissions;butsocialrelationsetc)• Changethis structure of reinforcing structures of dominance (gender,class)andnotgiving value tothevaluable

Example:Education

• Backtothedoughnut• Raworth:compassion,sharing,regenerative,distributivebydesign• Göpel:needs,well-being• Me:reinforcing andreparingdouble-structure of democracy (”materialof integrity”)

• Education:• renewing allcurricula,fromfirst class touniversity,allcourses (economy,teacherstraining,architecture,history,etc)

• starting with facts about emissionbudgets,fairshares andplanetaryboundaries/needs asframework (global,national,local)

• Aiming tosee through andgetridof relationsof dominance• Changing teaching methods,pedagogy:treatingstudentsashumanbeings with socialinteraction (democratic groups)inclass room,imagination andneeds (notcompetingindividuals,treated asheads,reinforcing cultural capital)

• Living up todemocracy-taskof alluniversities:goingout into society andhelping withthetransformation

VHow togetthere?

17Theframework

• Untill now:• Framework byclimate andearth science(emissionbudgets,renewables etc.)• Framework byproblemsof thelogic of fossilinfrastructure/society• Leads toemissionbudgetsandtransformationof allsystemic sectors byActionPlan,globaltreaty andrenewable energy system

• Introducing democracy inthis transformationaway fromfosssil society• How togive children place inthis transformation(participation,representation,…)• Within doubleframework of:

• Getting ridof (intersectional)structures of dominance (gender/patriarchy,ethnicity/racism,class/exploatation etc;globalsouth/north)

• Giving value tothevaluable andtaking care of each other andnature• Newway of thinking:Humane-ism,inspired byfeminism,postcolonialsm,postsocialismetc:leads todifferentconception of therelationbetween concepts ofownership,integrity andfreedom

18Themovement – activism foraglobaldemocracy fromthechildrens perspective• How togetthere?• How togetthese newrules into place?• How tostand up forthethree demands andtwo principles?

• Challenge:This transformationwill bechanging thelife of richer partsof globalsociety,andrichest 10percentmuch more;see slide onfossilsociety (link between politics,finance,fossilindustry,…):systemictransformationwhich isdirected toallaspects of modernsocieties

• Some formsof traditional activism worked:divestment;indigenous fightagainst exploatation,but this isnotenough

• Core of thenewrebellic movements (FFF/XR):• Directed tothecore of societies,parliaments,law making (notonly specific partsof fossilsocieties,banks,oil industry etc.)• Focused disruption:notaccepting inaction bypolitics; using civildisobedience,nonviolent direct action;instead of all198

democratizing methods byGeneSharp

• Myanalysis:Need of abroader unified movement of movements sothat everyone andeverywhere can standup forthis transformationnow

19Legitimacy of civildisobedience• Antigone:”agrapta nomima”,unwritten law of being humane• Isabout thechildrens future,andalife indignity forallonaliving planet• They are notrepresented indemocracy today• Democracy always ”paradox”of formalpart(procedures,elections,deliberative process)andsubstantial part(guranteeing humanrights,dignity):soif thelaws dont liveup tosubstantialdemocracy,there isalegitimacy tostand up incivildisobedience (isnotcrime)

• There isatime problem:only tenyears totransformricher societies;isnotreasonable towait fouryears tonext elections;andelections inthemselves are notguratantee forsubstantial democracy

• Myapproach:That iswhy globaldemocracy with children perspective leads tomovement wherecivilsociety should unite together with children´s movements,stands up fornewrules,andusescivildisobedience andlinking ittoongoing united movement with one political framework

• This movement have to• 1)stopthefossilsociety:Norway 50years of exploating oil field;Brasildestroying Amazonas;Germany coal to

2038;Swissbanksfinancing it;andsoon;andalways starting home (Greta):near realzero around 2030andpaying fairshare togreenfund

• 2)While building up ahumaneway of living together inasustainable way

20Democratication of movements

• Theneed fordemocratization with double-structure isnotonly directed tosociety,but also tomovements themselves• ”Decentralizaion”(and”holocracy”)isproblematic concept;cab reinforcealready existing structures of dominance within movements• Democracy ingrassroots movements means:democratic leadershsip linkingeverybody together andbuilding acore (values,compass,socialstructure);andencouraging everyone tobecome active (”decentralized”)inrelationtothis core – atthesametime• Implementing double-structure of democratizing:

• Alwaysworking with relationsandstructures of dominance (gender,ethnicity,class,…)within themovements togetbeyond them

• Andgiving value tothevaluable,

21”One people onone planet”• What means ”globaldemocracy”and”inter-generationality”inrelationtothemovment/change which isneeded?

• FFFandXRoperate already globally• Problemwith punctual disruption (big strikes;rebellions)andthen nothing happens orgreenwashing• Problemwith goingbacktomarches,petitions,blocking banksetc (GeneSharpe)

• Instead:realinter-generational globalcooperation byFFFandallcivilsociety (see COP25inMadrid):including NGOs(greenpeace,350,Oxfam,Amnesty,andallsmallones),climate justice movements,grassroot movements around theworld stopping thefossilindustry,socialjustice movements;but even:churches,universities,unions(ITUCetc),andsoon.

• Newpolitical commonglobalmovement,with continuity andcommongoal,sothat everybody can stand up andstand behind ashared goal.

• Middle level:• notaspolitical partyorvery specific greennewdeal(one becomes one smallpartof existing discourse)• notasgeneraldemand of Parisagreement and1.5/IPCC• but asmiddle ground political movement

• Guaranteeing continuity;making clear greenwashing (”net zero 2050…”);giving allavoice• Unitedbehind three pillars andtwo principles (see above)

• Using civildisobedience (school strike,blocking inenr cities),notonly marches,demonstrations,petitions… andnewways of creatingcontinuity:WeekForFuture with 8millionactivists instreets inSeptember2019asastarting point foranewplatform

Looking forward• Toanswer tothecrises with thedoublecriterium of thechildrens perspective inaglobalcontext,thegrown-up world could react by

taking responsibility andcreating amovement founded ininterdisciplinary science• with 3pillars

• Globalemissionbudgetswhich we breakup with justice,taking fairshares• Climate ActionPlansbycountries andregions/cities getting torealzero within tenyears• Sector bysector:democratic andjusttransformation(standards,regulations)taking care of workers infossilindustry andstopping backbone of fossilsociety• Informed bycitizen assemblies andother democratic formswhere children andyoung people playacenral role (participation,representation)

• Globaltreaty tokeep thefossilsintheground,banningallinvestments inandbuilding of newfossilinfrastructure,immediatly building backtheexisting one

• Globalrenewable energy systemandgrid,financed byfairshare viagreenfund

• and2principles guiding this ”humane”transformation• Justice (social,historic,climate inaglobalrealm)andequity/fairness• Double-structure of democratization:getting ridof (intersectional)structures of dominance andgiving value tothevaluable

• andby1newglobalmovement as”one people onone planet”.This can bedone byeveryone inaccordance tothelegally bindingParisagreement andtheUN-declaration of humanrights.

• Thecommunity of scientistshave aspecialresponsibility inguiding this transition.

• Notonly theperspective of thechildren,but they themselves mustnow beincluded inthis transformation,closing thehugedemocratic deficit.

• This can bedone byincluding everyone andeverywhere,todojustice totheglobaljustice perspective of thecrisis,following thechildrens globalperspective.

• Thank you!• davidfopp@outlook.com• www.davidfopp.com

Literature• Anderson,Kevin(2019):“Climate´sholytrinity”,OxfordLecture.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7BZFvc-ZOa8

• Equity-principle:http://civilsocietyreview.org

• Fossilfuelnon-proliferationtreaty:www.fossilfueltreaty.org

• UNEPGap-report (2019):https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019

• Göpel,Maja(2016):Thegreat mindshift.Springer,Berlin

• Hart,Roger(1992):“Children´s participation.Fromtokenism tocitizenship”.https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/childrens_participation.pdf

• Hornborg,Alf(2016):Globalmagic.PalgraveMacmillan,London

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• Newell,Peter&Simms,Andrew(2019):Towardsafossilfuelnon-proliferationtreaty,ClimatePolicy,DOI:10.1080/14693062.2019.163675

• Rahmstorf,Stefan&Schnellhuber,HansJoachim(9Aufl.2019):DerKlimawandel. Beck

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• Rockström,Johan(2020):https://sverigesradio.se/avsnitt/1425542

• Steffen,Will(2019):„Allyouneedtoknowaboutclimatechange“,lecture,https://klimatstudenterna.se/klimatstudentpodden/?fbclid=IwAR380aD8vJ1D9pzE7M8lWEBwgMaYm1mZdV2TZptmO00q_RTJ40HGY-YURhI

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