Why can’t things stay put?

Motion

Core Content

SC-04-1.2.1 Students will interpret or represent data related to an

object’s straight-line motion in order to make inferences and predictions of changes in position

and/or time.SC-04-1.2.2

Students will infer causes and effects of pushes and pulls (forces) on objects based on representations or interpretations of straight-line movement/motion in

charts, graphs, and qualitative comparisons.

Pedro has three balls of different masses. He rolls each ball down a ramp hitting an empty box at the bottom of the ramp.

A. Identify which ball will push the box the farthest distance.

B. Using your science vocabulary, explain why the ball you chose in part A will push the box the farthest distance.

C. Using your science vocabulary, explain one change that Pedro can do to make the box travel further.

By the end of this unit, you will be able

to answer this question…

We will learn to…

• Measure and record changes in the position and motion of an

object• Make inferences about the effects of the size of various

forces

• relative motion• frame of reference• speed• velocity• force• friction• gravity• work• kinetic energy• potential energy Essential

Vocabulary

What is motion?

• Motion is a change in the position of an object.

• Objects can move in a straight line, circular path, or

back/forth as a vibration.

• Speed – the rate at which an object changes position

• Velocity – the speed and direction of a moving object

• Acceleration – the rate at which an object speeds up or slows down

How can we describe motion?

•Work is the ability to move something and make a change.• Energy is the source of that change.

What is the difference

between work and energy?

• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. It is the energy you are actually using at the time.• Potential energy is energy that

is stored to be used later.

What are the 2 types of energy?

• We use a frame of reference to detect motion.

• A frame of reference lets you compare the position of 2 or more

objects.

How can motion be observed?

• Motion is caused by any force that comes in contact with an object.• A push, pull, or friction can cause a change in motion.

What causes motion?

• Gravity is a force that pulls one object toward another object.

• The force of gravity depends on the mass of each object, and the distance between them.

• A spring scale is used to measure the force of gravity (weight) of an object.

How does gravity cause

motion?

• A force can cause an object to speed up, slow down, stop, or change direction.• The amount of change is

determined by the amount of force.

How can a force change the motion of

an object?

Material Which flag did it reach when you pushed the yellow button?

Which flag did it reach when you pushed the red button?

Prediction Result Prediction ResultCarpetWoodVinylIce

Friction

What observations did you make?

Slope 1 Distance TraveledNo parachuteSmall parachuteLarge parachuteSlope 2 Distance TraveledNo parachuteSmall parachuteLarge parachute

Forces in Action

What observations did you make?