why draw diagrams? collect some data organise it in a table present it in a diagram
TRANSCRIPT
Why draw diagrams?
Collect some data
Organise it in a table
Present it in a
diagram
Collect some data
Organise it in a table
Present it in a
diagram
Any more...??
Bar Chart
Scatter
Graph
Pie Chart
Pictogram Choropleth map Line Grap
h
ObjectiveTo be able to draw a bar chart
When drawing a bar chart it must follow the following rules:
• The bars can be vertical or horizontal
• The bars must be the same width
•The gaps between the bars must all be
the same size
•The length or height of the bar
represents the frequency
• Both axis should be clearly labelled.
Drawing a bar chart from a set of data using excel
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.
High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.
Click on column and chose the first bar chart
You should now have a bar chart on your spreadsheet
This will change the colour of your
bars
Click on the layout tab
Decide where you want the
title
Decide where you want the
axis labels
Decide where you want the legend
Decide what data labels you wantAdd extra
writing
You can click on the writing on your bar chart at any time to change the writing.
Drawing a bar chart from a set of data by hand
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Label your axis
Label each bar
Make the bars
equal in width
Leave equal gaps
Label axis
Chose your axis. To do this look at the highest frequency in
your frequency
table
Draw bars that go up to the corresponding frequency.
Don’t forget
the title
ObjectiveTo be able to draw pictograms
•A pictogram uses pictures to show the data.
•It must always have a key.
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Drawing a pictogram
The first thing you need to do is to chose a picture for your pictogram.
In this case a circle will be used. (Although your picture can be
better!)
You then need to decide what one picture represents. In this case the frequencies only go up to 7. So I will use one full circle to represent 2 people. If you had a large number of frequencies, you may chose a circle to represent 10, 100 or 1000!
= 2 people
What will the following pictures show?
= 3 people
= 1 person
= 4 people
Now we have worked out what one of our pictures is worth, you need to work out what picture represents each frequency!
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Sport
Tennis
Football
Netball
Athletics
Other
Key
= 2 people
Don’t forget
the key!!
ObjectiveTo be able to draw a pie chart
Drawing a pie chart using excel
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.
High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.
Click on Pie and chose the first pie chart (called 2D)
You should now have a pie chart on your spreadsheet
This will change the colour of your
bars
Click on the layout tab
Decide where you want the
title
Decide where you want the legend
Decide what data labels you wantAdd extra
writing
You can click on the writing on your pie chart at any time to change the writing.
Drawing a pie chart by hand
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
A pie chart is a circle. How
many degrees are in a circle?
360°
Sport Frequency
Working out
Degrees
Tennis 7 7 x 12.857..
90
Football 6 6 x 12.857..
77
Netball 5 5 x 12.857..
64
Athletics 7 7 x 12.857..
90
Other 3 3 x 12.857..
38
Sport Frequency
Working out
Tennis 7 7 x 12.857..
Football 6 6 x 12.857..
Netball 5 5 x 12.857..
Athletics 7 7 x 12.857..
Other 3 3 x 12.857..
Sport Frequency
Tennis 7
Football 6
Netball 5
Athletics 7
Other 3
Mark the centre of the pie and draw the circle.
Draw a line from the centre to the edge
Measure the first angle needed (90o)
Draw in the line and label the section
90o
Tennis
Sport Degrees
Tennis 90
Football 77
Netball 64
Athletics 90
Other 38
Drawing the pie chart
From this line measure the next angle, draw the line and label the section.
Continue in this way
Check that the last section has the correct angle and label it.
Tennis
FootballAthletics
Other
Sport Degrees
Tennis 90
Football 77
Netball 64
Athletics 90
Other 38
Drawing the pie chart
Netball
ObjectiveTo be able to draw a choropleth map.
What is a choropleth Map?
Choropleth maps are normally seen in Geography.
A key gives the values of the
variable for each shading
Regions are shaded with an increasing
depth of colour
As the shading gets darker the variable increases
Choropleth maps are appropriate for indicating differences in land use, like the amount of
recreational land or type of forest cover and the amount of population.
Choropleth maps are also good to help to show how something has changed over time.
When drawing Choropleth maps you must ensure that you include a key!
These Choropleth maps show the number of people per square mile in the same place in
1900 and 2000.
Can you see how it has changed?
Objective
To be able to draw a scatter graph
A scatter graph is used to plot two sets of data to see whether there is a connection or correlation between them.There are 3 main types of correlation:
Positive correlationAs one variable increases the other increases.
No correlationThere is no connection.
Negative correlationAs one variable increases the other decreases
Drawing a scatter graph using excel
Example Draw a scatter graph from the following data to see whether there is any connection between temperature and the number of ice creams sold.
Temperature (°F) Ice creams sold
72 10
61 8
45 1
65 6
78 8
51 2
67 6
Open an Excel document and type your data into the sheet.
High light the table.Click on the insert tab on the tool bar.
Click on scatter and chose the first scatter graph.
You should now have a scatter graph on your spreadsheet
This will change the colour of your
points
Click on the layout tab
Decide where you want the legend
Decide what data labels you want
Add extra writing
You can click on the writing on your scatter graph at any time to change the writing.
Chose a chart title
Chose axis title
Chose what type of grid
lines you want
Do you want a trend line? This will help to see what
type of correlation your graph
shows.
Don’t forget your title
Make sure you label your axis
Trend line
Say what the scatter graph showsThe trend line shows positive correlation. This means as the temperature increases the number of ice creams sold increases
Drawing a scatter graph by hand
Example Draw a scatter graph from the following data to see whether there is any connection between temperature and the number of ice creams sold.
Temperature (°F) Ice creams sold
72 10
61 8
45 1
65 6
78 8
51 2
67 6
1) Draw x and y axis on your graph paper
2) Look at the range of data and decide what values to use on your x and y axis.
3) Plot each point using a cross
3) Write a title and label the axis
4) Draw a trend line (line of best fit) to help you decide on the type of correlation.
Objective
To be able to draw a line graph
There are two types of line graphs:
Vertical Line GraphThis is just like a bar chart, where the bars are just lines. You draw this type of graph for discrete data.
Line graphYou join each point together with a straight line. You can only draw this graph for continuous data. If the data is grouped you use the middle value. This is sometimes called a frequency polygon.
NotesDiscrete data – When data only takes certain individual values e.g. Shoe sizeContinuous data – When data can have any number value e.g. Time
To draw a line graph on excel follow the instructions for a scatter graph but click to make a line graph.
To draw a line graph by hand follow instructions for scatter graph but join up the points.