1. Why use Screencasting? & Practical Tips Kirstie Edwards BSc MA PhD PGCE QTLS FHEA FISTC k.edwards@glyndwr.ac.uk

2. Fear of Review Document ownership (Mackiewicz and Riley, 2003) Power of authority (Varlander, 2008) Fear of failure / desire to be respected by others / Politeness theory (Brown and Levinson, 1987)

3. Lack of Understanding Not understood (Bailey, 2009; Chanock, 2000; Lea and Street, 1998) Academic language (Bailey, 2009; Hughes, 2009) Level of critique (Middleton, 2011) Detail and conversational explanations

4. Emotions and Socialisation Personal: Im talking to you about your work (Middleton, 2011) Tutor engagement with students work (Middleton, 2011) Sense of belonging (you are important) Tutor cares: tutor-student relationship (Vrlander, 2008) Nuances for level of critique (Daft and Lengel, 1984; Middleton, 2011)

5. Timing Audio recordings are quicker (Lunt and Curran, 2010) Screencasting is quicker (Edwards et al., 2012) Requires separating out review and recording

6. Development of Guidelines/TipsGuidelines developed from: Literature review Quality Assurance Agency for HE (QAA) assessment standards (QAA, 2006) Interviews with screencasting users (Edwards, 2011) Primary research: Screencast Feedback for Essays on a Distance Learning MA in Professional Communication: An Action Research Project (Edwards et al., 2012)

7. Guidelines Common to Written and Screencast Feedback Review against the assessment criteria Balance positives and negatives Balance subject matter vs academic writing Explain clearly and concretely how to improve on three aspects (Gossman, 2012) Respect, motivate and encourage students

8. Guidelines/Tips for Screencast Feedback Identify and group high level and low level issues Prioritize feedback and decide which points are the most important to cover Prioritize high level issues first, as students apply these more in feed forward (not necessarily linear) Avoid minor issues, which might be embarrassing; refer to them generically if necessary e.g. be careful with proofreading rather than theres a typo here

9. Guidelines / Tips for Creating the Screencast Introduce how the screencast will progress and how the student can use it Provide an overview of the main topics to be covered If you open with positives, move quickly on to improvement areas to avoid student frustration and optimize time in the screencast Use and adapt intonation, word choice and pace to match audience (particularly international students) Encourage and motivate students and build a sense of connection Review what has been covered at the end Do not mention the students name ???? Do not present a scripted feedback (Armellini, 2012) Return screencasts via a Virtual Learning Environment for security

10. Thank you &Questions?

11. ReferencesArmellini, A. (2012), Personal Communication at the Higher Education Academy Workshop, A Personal Voice? The Whys and Hows of Effective Audio Feedback. Leicester University 29 June 2012.Bailey, R. (2009), Undergraduate students perceptions of the role and utility of written assessment feedback, Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, Vol.1. Available from: http://www.aldinhe.ac.uk [Electronically accessed: 24 January, 2012].Brown, P. and Levinson, S. C. (1987), Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Chanock, K. (2000), Comments on essays; do students understand what tutors write? Teaching in Higher Education, Vol.5, No.1, pp.95-105.Daft, R. L. and Lengel, R. H. (1984), Information richness: a new approach to managerial behaviour and organization design, Research in Organizational Behaviour, Vol.6, pp.191-233.Edwards, K. (2011), Action research towards developing guidelines for optimising audio-visual feedback on essays in Higher Education. Unpublished manuscript submitted as part of a Post Graduate Certificate in Education. Walford and North Shropshire College and Staffordshire University.Edwards, K., Dujardin, A-F. and Williams, N. (2012), Screencast feedback for essays on a distance learning MA in Professional Communication, Journal of Academic Writing, Vol.2, No.1. Available from: http://e-learning.coventry.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/joaw/article/view/62/105 [Electronically accessed: 26 February, 2013.]Gossman, P. (2012), Giving feedback to improve student performance, Glyndr University Workshop.Hughes, G. (2009), Social software: new opportunities for challenging social inequalities in learning? Learning, Media and Technology, Vol.34, No.4, pp.291-305.Lea, M. and Street, B. (1998), Student Writing in Higher Education: an Academic Literacies Approach, Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 23, No.2, pp.157172.Lunt, T. and Curran, J. (2010), Are you listening please? The advantages of electronic audio feedback compared to written feedback, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, Vol.35, No.7, pp.759-769.Mackiewicz, J. and Riley, K. (2003), The Technical Editor as Diplomat: Linguistic Strategies for Balancing Clarity and Politeness, Technical Communication, Vol. 50 No.1, pp.8394.Middleton, A. (2011), JISC Webinar: Using a screencast to provide feedback. Available from: http://www.jiscdigitalmedia.ac.uk/surgery/session/2011-02-09 [Accessed 4 April 2011].Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (2006), Code of Practice for the Assurance of Academic Quality and Standards in Higher Education Section 6 Assessment of Students. Available from: http://www.qaa.ac.uk/academicinfrastructure/codeOfPractice/default.asp [Electronically accessed: 10 February, 2010.]Vrlander, S. (2008), The role of students emotions in formal feedback situations, Teaching in Higher Education, Vol.13, No.2, pp.145156.