Wie Halbleitertechnologie die Medizintechnik revolutioniertDesign & Elektronik Developers' Forum: "Embedded Goes Medical"

Leipzig, September 2009

Matthias FeulnerMarketing Managerm-feulner2@ti.com

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Semiconductors Impact

1980s 1990s 2000 and beyond

Computing transformed

Communications transformed

Healthcare transformed

Computingrevolution

Communications revolution

Healthcare revolution

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Single-chip GPS

Wireless LAN

Bluetooth® + FM Single Chip GSM/GPRS

Single Chip LoCosto™

EDGE single-chip eCosto™

1990

2000

2008

Making devices smaller…

4

…, more personal…

Chronic Disease Management

GSM/GPRS

Bluetooth / BLE

Bluetooth / BLE

Zigbee / 802.15.4

Weight scale

Blood pressure monitor

Smart bandage

Vital Signs Monitoring800 MHz /

900 MHz ISM

2.4GHz ISM(Zigbee/BT/802.15.4/ULP)

Weight Management

5

Smart Bandage

Body worn monitoring devices Chip + Sensor + printed battery in a low cost DISPOSABLE package

• Real time• Intelligent• Continuous• Wireless

… sensing and diagnosingFor in-hospital and out-of-hospital continuous wireless monitoring of

vital signs and other physiological data directly off the body

Patient monitor

EVOLUTION

Wireless portable patient monitor

ECG / Heart rate

Temperature

REVOLUTION

Respiration

Location

Activity / Motion

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• ECG• EEG• Blood oxygen

(pulse oximeter)• Blood pressure• Temperature• Ventilation/

respiration• Defibrillators • Implantable

devices

Diagnostic, patient monitoring

and therapy

Innovation Across all Medical Segments

• Digital thermometers

• Blood glucose monitor

• Blood pressure monitor

• Insulin pumps• Heart rate monitors• Audiology (digital

hearing aids)

Consumer medical devices

• Laboratory equipment

• Dialysis machines• Analytical

instruments• Surgical

instruments• Dental instruments

• Ultrasound• CT• MRI• X-Ray• Other imaging

(nuclear, positron emission tomography)

Medical imaging

Medical instruments

Doctor’s office

+

Patient’s home

Uncomfortable

Comfortable

+Radiology center

In the field

Laboratory

Innovation

7

Addressing the Major Challenges

Smaller & Lighter

More Power-Efficient

More Cost-Efficient

More Connected

More Portable

8

Addressing the Major Challenges- Consumer Medical Case

Smaller & Lighter

More Power-Efficient

More Cost-Efficient

More Connected

More Portable

9

Consumer Medical Devices -Achieving Highest Level of Integration and Cost Efficiency

ADCBio

Sensor

VRef

MCU

LCD Display

Op Amp

DAC

SignalProcessing

LCD Driver

Op Amp

MSP430FG439

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Heart rate monitor based on SoC -Achieving Highest Level of Integration

Single chip SoC integration results in: over 50% size reduction (from 8+ chips to a single MSP430FG439 micro

controller) ~50% cost reduction on semiconductors, circuit board and mechanical

housing 10x increased battery life time, allowing lifetime sealed medical units with

small coin cell batteries.

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Addressing the Major Challenges - Portable Diagnostics & Therapy Case

Smaller & Lighter

More Power-Efficient

More Cost-Efficient

More Connected

More Portable

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Portability for ECG Systems

Portable ECG images courtesy of Corscience

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Protect AmpAmp

AmpAmpProtectRLD

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

Protect AmpAmp

R(RA)

L(LA)

F(LL)

C1(V1)

C2(V2)

C3(V3)

C4(V4)

C5(V5)

C6(V6)

Protect AmpAmp

Lead OffCalibration

TempRef

Lead

Sel

ectio

nLe

ad S

elec

tion

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

IAIA

BTBT

mCMSP430

USBUSB

SDSD

BUTTON I/FBUTTON I/F

AmpAmp

RS232

CFCF

Charger

Charger

PSUPSUMonitorMonitor Disp

LampDispLamp

++

RTCRTC

PACE DETECT

3x Comparator

Traditional 8-Channel ECG System Solution

Con

trol

Inte

rfac

e

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter

Con

trol

Inte

rfac

e

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24bitr SADC Filter24bitr SADC Filter

24-bitr SADC

Switc

hing

/ M

uxSw

itchi

ng /

Mux

Integrated 8-Channel ECG System Solution

Integration results in:~50% size reduction~20% cost reduction~20% power reduction

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Integrated ECG Solution Demonstrated

Integrated 16ch ADCADS1258

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Addressing the Major Challenges- Portable Ultrasound Case

Smaller & Lighter

More Power-Efficient

More Cost-Efficient

More Connected

More Portable

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Bringing Ultrasound to the Point-of-Care

Tsunami

MilitaryMt. Everest

Images courtesy of Sonosite

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Integration Steps for Portable Ultrasound

TransmitBeamformer

Front End

BackEnd

Mid

ReceiveBeamformer

BeamformerControl Unit

Preprocessing

SpectralDoppler

Processing

B ModeProcessing

Color/PowerDoppler

Processing

Scan ConversionPost Processing

Clocking

LPWRS232USB1394

802.11

Common Interfaces

Power Backlight

Touchscreen

Memory Interfaces MMC/SDIO

IDE/ATA

Ultrasound OS/UI

CW (analog)Beamformer

Tx Buffer Amp

PassiveLPF

FETDriver

Embedded Processing

ADC

DAC

AudioAmp

ADC

Analog Front

End

LNA VCALow PassFilter

PGA

Amp + FilterAmp Stage

T/RSwitches

HV MUX

Tran

sduc

er

Analog signal chain

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TransmitBeamformer

Front End

BackEnd

Mid

ReceiveBeamformer

BeamformerControl Unit

Preprocessing

SpectralDoppler

Processing

B ModeProcessing

Color/PowerDoppler

Processing

Scan ConversionPost Processing

Clocking

LPWRS232USB1394

802.11

Common interfaces

Power Backlight

Touchscreen

Memory interfaces MMC/SDIO

IDE/ATA

Ultrasound OS/UI

CW (analog)Beamformer

Tx Buffer Amp

PassiveLPF

FETDriver

Embedded processing

ADC

DACFront endHigh-

PerformanceDSP

Backend

AudioAmp

MidHigh-PerformanceDSP

ADC

Analog Front

End

LNA VCALow PassFilter

PGA

Amp + FilterAmp Stage

DSP SoC/Apps. processor

High-PerformanceDSP

T/RSwitches

HV MUX

Tran

sduc

er

Analog signal chain

Integration Steps for Portable Ultrasound

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Ultrasound Receiver Front-End Integration Path15mm

9mm

AFE5805EVM

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Phantom ImageMimicking

Vessel

Reflectors

Mimicking Tissue

Portable Ultrasound Demonstrator Implemented32 channels Tx & Rx on Analog Front End Board

AFE5805TX734DAC902

CDCE62005

DM6446

Analog Front End Board

DigitalProcessingBoard

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What are the Major Challenges?- Wireless Medical Sensors Case (BAN / AAL)

Smaller & Lighter

More Power-Efficient

More Cost-Efficient

More Connected

More Portable

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Goal: Reduce Wires for Patient Comfort

• Three electrodes on head• Two electrodes on forehead• One electrode next to each

eye• Two electrodes under

mouth• Two electrodes on each leg• A pulse oximeter on the

finger• A chest belt for respiration

monitor• A breathing tube • …all collected on the blue

box• From the blue box, a very

thick cable ran to the computer that collected all the signals

Now go to sleep …14-year old David during a sleep test

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Solution: Wireless Connected Vital Sensors

Telematik

new sensor concepts By microsystems technology

Smart Sensors

Hardware: Universal platform for the transfer of biosignals

Software: Interface standards

Pulsoximeter continous Monitoring

3 channelsECG

Scales Transfer of data via SMS

Peak-Flowmeter

Sphygmomanometers

Thermometers

The interconnection of new sensors with

Courtesy ofFZI Karlsruhe

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Application in Experimental Monitoring Jacket

Continous measurement of• Blood pressure change• Activity sensor• ECG

Wireless communication (BlueTooth)

ElectronicsCourtesy ofFZI Karlsruhe

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Potential Wireless Standards

Active RFID

Range (meters)

Dat

a R

ate

20 kbps

250 kbps

3 Mbps

11 Mbps

54 Mbps

300 Mbps

480 Mbps

1 10 100

Zigbee

IEEE 802.11b

IEEE 802.11a/g

BluetoothULP

Bluetooth

UWB

IEEE 802.11n

Passive RFID

• Passive RFID

• Active RFID

• 802.15.4/ Zigbee

• Bluetooth Low Energy

• Bluetooth

• IEEE 802.11b

• IEEE 802.11a/g

• IEEE 802.11n

• UWB

• Sub-1GHz ISM

}

Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications

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What is LE Bluetooth?

LE – Low Energy

Single mode device(BTLE only)

Dual mode device(GTLE+Bluetooth BR/EDR)

• Simplified version of Bluetooth optimized for low power• Low average power – quick initialization of links• Low peak current – suitable for coin cell usage

Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications

CC2540

CC2540

CC2540

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BT Classic vs. BT LEBT Classic (BR/EDR) Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE )

1, 2 or 3 Mbps 1 Mbps

5-10 m 5-10 m

2.400-2.4835 GHz 2.400-2.4835 GHz

GFSK (BR), PSK (EDR) GFSK (index 0.5)

Star + Piconet Pure Star (no piconet)

Master send page, Slave scan Master scans, slave advertises

Voice (SCO), Data (ACL) Data (ACL)

Pseudo random XOR sequence AES-CCM (NIST approved)

Data transfer once a minute: 70uAPaired – not connected 320uA

Data transfer once a minute: 53uAPaired – not connected: 190uA

Data transfer once a minute: 70uAPaired – not connected: 320uA

Data transfer once a minute: 7uAPaired – not connected: 4uA

Init connection: 35mA for 10mS, ~10mA for <100mS

Init connection: 17mA for 128uS

Shared BR/EDR/ULP HCI (in dual-mode)

Data rate

Range

ISM bandwidth

Modulation

Topology

Device Discovery

Packet Formats

Security

Average Power Consumption (Dual Mode)

Average Power Consumption(Single Mode)

Peak Current Consumption (peak)

HCI

Sensitivity (BER=0.1%)Spec: -70 dbmBL6450: -95 dbm (BR)

Spec: -70 dbmBL6450: slightly better than -92 dbm

CC2540

CC2540

Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications

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BLE Enabled by CC2540 System-on-a-chip (SoC)Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications

Chronic Disease Management

Weight scale

Blood pressure monitor

Smart bandage

Vital Signs Monitoring

Weight Management

8051MCU

RF Transceiver

AntennaLPRF System on ChipCC2540

CC2540 BLE evaluation kit with USB dongle

CC2540 BLE coin cell demo

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Health Care Revolution