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WIIRTUU LEENJII OGEESSOTA QAAMOLEE HAQAA

FEDERAALAA

Seera Daldalaa fi Heera Mootummaa

Moojulii Leenjii Leenjifamtoota Hojiin Duraatiif Qophaae

Kan Qopheesse: Birhaanee Asaffaa

Guraandhala, 2001

Afaan Oromootti Kan Hiike: Habtaamuu Bultii

Kan Gulaale: Shaambal Hordofaa

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Mudde, 2005

BAAFATA

SEENSA .......................................................................................................................................................... 4

1. Seera Daldalaa fi Heera Mootummaa .................................................................................................. 6

1.1 Hojiin Daldalaa Heera Mootummaa fi Labsiilee Daldalaa Adda Addaatiin Maal Akka Fakkaatu .. 6

1.2 Hojiin Daldalaa Seera Hariiroo Hawaasaatiin Maal Akka Fakkaatu ................................................ 8

2. Dhaaba Daldalaa (Business) ............................................................................................................... 10

2.1 Dhaaba Daldalaa: Yaada Waliigalaa ............................................................................................... 10

2.2 Tuutota Dhaaba Daldalaa (Elements of Business) .......................................................................... 11

2.2.1 Maqaa Gaarii (Good Will) .......................................................................................................... 11

2.2.2 Qabeenyaa Kalaqa Sammuu fi Heera Mootummaa .................................................................... 17

2.2.5 Dizaayinii Industirii (Industrial Designs).................................................................................... 28

2.2.6 Mirgoota Waraabbii fi Isaa Wajjiin Hariiroo Qaban (Copy Right and Neighboring rights) ...... 30

2.2.7 Mallattoo Daldalaa (Trade Mark) ............................................................................................... 38

2.3 Dhaaba daldalaa Irratti Wabii fi Qabsiisa Taasifamu ..................................................................... 46

Gaaffilee Marii ............................................................................................................................................ 49

3. Dhaabbilee Daldalaa (Business Organiztions) ................................................................................... 50

3.1 Dhaabbilee Daldalaa: Yaada waliigalaa.......................................................................................... 50

3.2 Waldaa Michummaa (Partinership) ................................................................................................ 53

3.2.1 Waldaa michummaa: Yaada waliigalaa ...................................................................................... 53

3.2.2 Dirqamaa fi Mirga Miseensota Waldaa Michummaa ................................................................. 57

3.2.3 Diiggaa Waldaa Michummaa fi Qulqulleessa Herregaa ............................................................. 58

3.3 Waldaa Keessa Beekettii (Joint Venture) ....................................................................................... 59

3.4 Waldaa Aksiyoonaa fi Waldaa Dhuunfaa I/G/M (Itti Gaafatamummaan isaa Murtaaee) ............. 61

3.4.1 Hundeeffama Waldaa Aksiyoonaa .............................................................................................. 62

3.4.2 Waldaa Aksiyoonaa fi Waldaa Dhuunfaa i/g/m: Qabiyyee Waliigalaa ...................................... 63

3.4.3 Faayidaalee fi Miidhaa Waldaaleen Qaqqabsiisan ..................................................................... 64

3.4.4 Haala Diiggaa Waldaalee Aksiyoonaa fi Waldaa Dhuunfaa I/G/M ........................................... 64

3.4.5 Qulqulleessa Herregaa (Liquidation) .......................................................................................... 70

Gaaffilee Marii ............................................................................................................................................ 72

4. Seera Waliigaltee Inshuraansii ........................................................................................................... 75

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4.1 Seera Inshuraansii: Yaada Waliigalaa (insurance in general) ......................................................... 75

4.2 Hundeeffama Waliigaltee Inshuraansii (Formation) ....................................................................... 76

4.2.2 Qajeeltowwan Buuuraa Inshuraansii (Basic Principles of Insurance) ....................................... 81

4.2.2.1 Yaad-rimee beenyaa miidhaa (the concept of indemnity) .......................................................... 81

4.2.3. Faayidaalee inshuraansiin seenamuufii qabuu (insurable interests) ........................................... 82

4.3.3 Itti-Darbuu (subrogation) ............................................................................................................ 85

4.3.4 Buusii (contribution) ................................................................................................................... 87

4.3.5 Sababa Dhiyoo (proximate cause) .............................................................................................. 88

4.4 Kaffaltii Dursaa (Premium) ............................................................................................................ 92

4.5 Dhoksuu fi Sobuu ........................................................................................................................... 99

4.6 Balaa: Waliigaltee Inshuraansii Keessatti ..................................................................................... 101

4.6.2 Dirqama Beeksisuu fi Ibsa Kennuu .......................................................................................... 102

Gaaffilee Marii .......................................................................................................................................... 105

5. Seera Waliigaltee Geejjibaa .................................................................................................................. 107

5.1 Seera Waliigaltee Geejjibaa: Yaada Waliiglaa ............................................................................. 107

5.2 Waliigaltee Geejjiba Dachee Irraa (Carriage by land) .................................................................. 108

5.2.1 Dirqama beenyaa kaffaluu qaama tajaajila geejjabaa kennuu .................................................. 111

5.2.2 Beenyaa (compensatory awards) .............................................................................................. 112

5.3 Geejjiba qilleensaa Irraa (air carriage) .......................................................................................... 114

5.3.1 Itti gaafatamummaa Geejjibaa: ija seera daldalaa Itoophiyaa fi Konvenshinii Waarsoon yoo

ilaalamu 115

5.3.2 Itti gaafatamummaa murtaaaa Geejjibaa (limited liabilities of air carrier) .............................. 117

5.4 Geejjiba Galaana Irraa (Carriage by Sea) ..................................................................................... 119

5.4.1 Geejjiba Galaana Irraa: Yaada Waliigalaa ................................................................................ 119

5.4.2 Sanada waliigaltee feiisaa (bill of lading)................................................................................ 120

5.4.3 Itti gaafatamummaa qaama tajaajila geejjibaa kennu ............................................................... 123

5.4.4 Daangaa Itti Gaafatamummaa (limitation of liability) .............................................................. 126

5.4.5 Daangaa yeroo .......................................................................................................................... 127

Gaaffilee Marii .......................................................................................................................................... 129

6. Sanadoota Maallaqaa Daddarboo (Negotiable Instruments) ............................................................ 130

6.1. Sanadoota Maallaqaa Daddarboo: Yaada Waliigalaa ................................................................... 130

6.2 Nama fayyaalessummaan sanada maallaqaa daddarboo qabatee jiru (holder in due coures) ....... 132

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6.3 Ibsituu maalummaa sanadoota maallaqaa daddarboo (basic features) .......................................... 134

6.4 Faccisa sanadoota maallaqaa daddarboo irratti kauu dandau ..................................................... 136

6.5 Haalawwan Sanadootni Maallaqaa Daddarboo Ittiin Darban ....................................................... 143

6.6 Waraqaa Daldalaa (commercial papers) ....................................................................................... 145

6.6.1 Hiikoo Waraqaa Dabarsoo Maallaqaa (Bill of Exchange) ........................................................ 145

6.6.2 Sanada Abdii (Promissory Note) .............................................................................................. 149

6.6.3 Cheekii (Cheque) ...................................................................................................................... 150

6.6.4 Cheekii Himalaa (Travelers Cheque) ........................................................................................ 158

6.6.5 Tokkummaa fi Garagarummaa Sanadoota Maallaqaa Gidduu Jiru .......................................... 158

Gaaffilee Marii ..................................