Wildlife Tracker:

Complete Design

Review

MSD I

Team P14347

Team P14347 “Arrow Guys” &

Introduction

Member Role

Eric Peterson Team Leader / EE

Alex Pelkey ME

Joseph Ciccarello EE

Frank Meola EE

Timothy Nash ME

Agenda

Progress Report

Project Background

System Analysis

Mechanical Analysis

Electrical Analysis

Risk Assessment

Test Plan

MSD II Plan

Questions

Progress Report

Google Maps API programming has been explored

User Device Module Block Diagram Established (w/ Pin

Connections)

Arrow Attachment Deviation Experiment has been conducted

Microcontroller selected

Budget Finalized

BOM refinement is in progress

Received Linx Technology products

Previous Questions:

Further FCC regulations, 1W for a transmission of digitally

modulated signals in our bandwidth (902-928 MHz)

Using one active antenna on each device, multiple miniature

embedded antennas on the arrow attachment

Current & Desired State

Injured animals can travel substantial distances, may be

difficult to track

Game which has been shot and cannot be found leads to

more animal deaths and inefficient hunting

Wildlife Tracker will detach from arrow and remain attached

to animal

Handheld device will provide GPS location of animal

Stakeholders

Primary Customer: Dr. Eli Saber

Faculty Guide: Art North

End Users: Bow Hunters

Other: Hunting Stores/Distributors, Game Wardens,

Environmental Activists, Linx Technologies

MSD Team 14347

Project Deliverables

Durable re-attachable tracking device that connects onto an

arrow

Handheld user device that monitors the location of the GPS

attachment

‘Second Chance’ retrieval feature (In case shot is not fatal)

Intuitive, easy to understand User Manual

Cellphone GPS application

Benchmarking

GameVector Deer Recover System

• $399.99

• 45 Grains (2.9 grams)

• Battery life of 48-72 hours

• Up to two mile range

• Tested for bows shooting up to 300 feet per second

• Currently sold out

Customer Requirements

Engineering Requirements

Functional Decomposition Locate Wildlife

Attach to Arrow

Access Arrow

Attach to Wildlife

Does not alter Shot

Detach from Arrow

Link to Animal

Remains attached during

Flight

Protect Functional

Integrity

Safeguard Electronics

Indicate Location of Attachment

Device

Transmit Signal

Activate Transmitter

Receive Signal

Activate Receiver

Process and Interpret Signal

Morphological Analysis

Solutions

Sub-

Functions

1 2 3 4 5

Attach to Arrow Spring-Dowel

Pin Clip Adhesive Magnet

Attach to

Wildlife Barbed Hook Pronged Tip

Spring-Activated

Clamp

Retractable

Prongs

Transmit/Recei

ve Signal Transponder WiMAX

Cell Phone

Signal Radio Waves

Indicate

Location Audio Speaker LCD Map

Visual-Blinking

LED

Cellphone

Integration Dial Indicator

Protect

Functional

Integrity

Enclosure Potting

Compound Airbags?

Activate

Transmitter Accelerometer On/off switch

Animal Circuit

Activation

Physical Architecture

RF

Receiver

RX

Antenna

RF

Transmitter

Battery

Arrow Clip

GPS Satellites

Arrow Attachment Handheld Device

Tx

Antenna

GPS

Receiver

Audio Jack

GPS

Receiver

Google Maps

Microcontroller

Hide Hook

Active

Antenna(s)

iPhone

On/Off

Switch

Bow Efficiency vs Arrow Weight

Example

B.W. Kooi - “On the Mechanics of the Bow and Arrow”

Front of Center Inputs Value Units

Broadhead Weight 100 Grains

Broadhead Length 1.5 inches

Arrow Weight 450 Grains

Arrow Length 32 inches

Attachment Placement behind Broadhead 2 inches

Low FOC 7.00%

High FOC 15.00%

Center of Gravity Calculations

Shaft COG 0.4064 m

Broadhead COG 0.82423 m

Attachment COG 0.7874 m

Optimal C.O.G. Calculations

L 0.8509 m

Low COG 0.485013 m

High COG 0.553085 m

Force Calculations

Low Broadhead contribution 0.002198 Nm

Low Shaft contribution 0.002292 Nm

High Broadhead contribution 0.001757 Nm

High Shaft contribution 0.004277 Nm

Minimum Attachment Weight 0.311612 grams

Maxiumum Attachment Weight 10.75592 grams

Minimum Attachment Weight 4.808904 grains

Maxiumum Attachment Weight 165.9892 grains

Optimal F.O.C values were found at

Goldtip.com and ArcheryReport.com

Arrow Trajectory

Inputs for Trajectory with Drag

Initial Velocity 231 ft/s

70 m/s

Launch Angle (from slider) 0.000 degree

bow angle 0.000

Launch height (eye=0) 1 meters

Drag Coefficient 1.25000 (1/m)

Drag Power 1.0

Projectile Mass 550 grains

0.03564 kg

CALCULATIONS FOR VELOCITY

Arrow Mass 0.03564 kg

Bow Weight 65 ft lbs

Energy 88.127 Joules

Muzzle Velocity 70.3233018 m/s

Muzzle Velocity 230.719502 ft/s

Form Factors

Arrow Flight Test

Test Procedure

Bow sights calibrated for regular arrow

5 shots fired from 20 meters of each design

X and Y Distances measure from bulls-eye

Calculate mean, median, standard

deviation…etc

Test Attachments

400 Grain Carbon Arrows with 125 Grain Field Tips

65lb Martin “MAG CAT” Compound Bow Attachment Weight Total Weight

grams grams

Arrow - 34.02

Tapered Obround 43.1 77.12

Obround 55.15 89.17

Tapered 45.75 79.77

Streamline 55.23 89.25

Testing Photos

Arrow Flight Test Average Distance

mm X Y Distance

Baseline 19.45 12.44 19.01 16.34

Tapered Obround 399.12 12.44 35.56 35.39

Obround 833.66 25.90 233.02 232.74

Tapered 350.92 55.65 52.30 51.60

Streamline 270.34 22.14 34.45 33.77

Standard Deviation (mm)

Other Testing Notes

The attachments ended up being much heavier

than expected

Arrow speed was not measured but was visibly

slower for all attachments

All attachments except the streamline were

very loud when traveling through the air

Experimental Video to display

Arrow Attachment Device

Electronics

User Device Electronics

GPS Receiver

Linx Technologies RXM-GPS-RM

Includes evaluation kit

Operating Voltage: 3.0-4.3V (Typically 3.3V)

Supply Current: 12-14mA (Peak of 44mA)

NMEA Output Messages

Embedded Ceramic Antenna (not included)

GPS Receiver

RF Transceiver

Linx Technologies TRM-915-R250

No evaluation kit included, plan to substitute using Raspberry

Pi

Operating Voltage: 3.3V

Supply Current:

Receive: 25mA

Transmit: 60-200mA

Frequency: 902-928MHz

Can transmit to distances of up to 4km

Relying on newer model being released this summer

Microcontroller

Made by Microchip Technology

Programmable Intelligent Computer

Low Cost

Widely Used

Serial Programming in C

MPLAB

Free IDE provided by Microchip

Operating Current

175μA

Operating Voltage

2.0V – 5.5V

Antenna Selection

TX Antenna:

66089 Series by Anaren

915MHz center frequency

SWR <1.7 typical

Gain: 3dBi

Quarter wave

RX Antenna:

ANT-916 by Linx

916MHz center frequency

SWR <1.9 typical

Gain: 1.8dBi

Quarter wave

GPS Antenna:

W3011A by Pulse Electronics

Ceramic

Gain: 3-3.3dBi

1.575GHz center frequency

Surface mount

Conceptual Model of User Device

Power Consumption

Arrow Attachment Electronics

Device

Power Consumption

(mW)

GPS Receiver 42.9

RF Transmitter 330

Total: 372.9

User Device Electronics

Device

Power Consumption

(mW)

RF Receiver 25

Microcontroller 1

Total: 30

𝑃 = 𝑉 ∗ 𝐼

Google Maps Integration

Handheld

Device

Receive GPS

Coordinates

Display

Phone

Location

Display

GPS

Coordinate

Location

Store

Locations

on the

Cloud as a

“Map”

Google Maps Handheld Device

Application

Relay GPS

Coordinates

to Google

Maps

Sends Save

Command to

Google Maps

Google Maps API

ID Risk Item Effect Cause

Lik

elih

oo

d

Severi

ty

Imp

ort

an

ce

Action to Minimize Risk Owner

1 Effect on flight of the arrow

The attachment could

cause an inaccurate

shot

The aerodynamics of

the arrow become

faulty

3 3 9

Ensure the aerodynamics of the

arrow are unaffected by the

attachment

Tim/Alex

2 Range of the Device Location of the animal

unknown

The animal becomes

out of range of the

device

3 3 9 Wireless data transmission test Eric/Joe/Frank

3

Enough holding force for

the attachment to the

arrow

Tracker doesn’t stay on

arrow during flight or

impact

Not enough holding

force to the arrow 3 3 9

Test by applying a pulling force to

the attachment of the arrow Tim/Alex

4 Unfamiliarity with wireless

Transmitting/Receiving

Difficulties choosing the

best method for signal

translation

Lack of RF/wireless

transmission

knowledge

3 3 9 Seek help from an expert in the

signals field (ie. Dr. Amuso) Eric/Joe/Frank

5 Circuitry size constraint

Weight and size of

arrow becomes too

robust

Unnecessary

circuitry 3 3 9

Keep the circuitry small enough to

fit into your palm Eric/Joe/Frank

6 Placement of mechanism

onto arrow

Cause injury/ harm to

the user or effect the

accuracy of the shot

Placing the device

towards the butt of

the arrow

3 3 9 Avoid placing the device towards

the back or mid section of the arrow Tim/Alex

7 Transceiver Dimensions Increases arrow

attachment size

To fit the transceiver,

the attachment will

have to be enlarged

3 2 6

Adjust arrow dynamics of the arrow

attachment, or find a smaller RF

transceiver

P14347

Risk Assessment A

Risk Assessment B

ID Risk Item Effect Cause

Lik

elih

oo

d

Severi

ty

Imp

ort

an

ce

Action to Minimize Risk Owner

8 Loss of Signal Transmission Animal becomes lost

Heavily wooded areas

or obstacles blocking

the signal of the

attachment to the user

device

2 3 6

Explore all frequencies for which the

RF components can operate on, and

select the frequency which provides

the most minimal interference

Eric/Joe/Frank

9 Animal falling on top of

attachment

The signals from the

attachment will be

seriously if not

completely attenuated

The body of the animal

causes a median, for

which signals cannot

pass through

2 3 6

Operate in a range of frequency, which

signals can pass through the deer

carcass

Team P14347

10 Detachability of the device

If the device doesn’t

detach the attachment

could block the

penetration of the shot

Faulty detachment

mechanism 2 2 4

Test the device on different material

surfaces Tim/Alex

11 Part Lead Times Delays in the projection Procrastination 2 2 4 Ensure the parts are ordered ahead

of schedule Team P14347

12 Avoiding Patent

Infringement

Product can’t go to

market

Lack of attention to

detail and patents 1 2 2

Be aware and research all current

restraints by patents Team P14347

13 Durability of attachment

(Reusability)

Device is fragile and

requires replacing

periodically

Weak materials and

poor construction of

device

2 1 2 Ensure that weak, brittle materials

are a last resort Tim/Alex

14 Budget Conservation Going over budget Poor budgeting 1 1 1 Draft and follow a strict budget Team P14347

15 Geometry of the device An alarming sound,

alerting the animal Bulky geometry 1 1 1

Computation model of the

aerodynamic drag of the attachment Tim/Alex

Test Plan

Bill of Materials

Project Plan for MSD II

Prototyping Design

3D Printing Enclosures

Application Development (for Google Maps

Integration)

Integrate the User Device Module

Monitor budget

Test for engineering requirements

Utilize summer for further progress

Questions?