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Eoc eg xbc aetx `o xc |ct x `of oex `eot gesoh `o xbc cm| jp xmxbhfmxmfm|lbmj ` xc |m xs|c ` t xbc `hcm xbm x o`|wmom tbesjh lc sohc|t xeeh mt oeo!e | `f `om x `eo "mosx~hhm)/ X b `t `hcm `t cr~j`d`xjp ge|a sjm xch `o xve xcrxt*xb c \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm* xbc eojp tmtx|m crxmox `o Tmotk|`x vb`db `t dea~jc xc jp hcwexch xe xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm moh Lshhbm !om xs |c x cmdb `oft *m o h x b c Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m* xb c tsx|m s~eo vb`db xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm lmtct ` x t cr~et` x `eo eg oeoe| `f `om x `eo / Xbc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m ` xtc jg hect oex t~cmk eg xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm e | Ls h h b m ! o m x s | ched x | `oc t * ls x xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm xmkct xbc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|mcr~jmomx`eo eg oeoe|`f`omx `eo moh j `okt ` x xe xbc w`cv eg o`|wmomgesoh `o xve eg xbc `a~e| xmo x cm | jp tsx|mt xbmx he t~cmk eg xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm* x b c Mosomxeh~s|omxwmo`|hctm moh xbc T|`aAhhcwxts/x|m / X b ` t` o x c | ~ | c x m x ` e o e g o`|wmom `o xc|a t eg oeoe |`f`o mx `eo `t eg deo t`hc|mljc`a~e| xmodc `o sohc |t x moh `of xbc cm | jp xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xcmdb`of* ge| `xd jm|`g `ct dc|xm `o oex`eot g|c}scoxjp mtted`mxch v`xb xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbmj `kc xbc ,om xs|m j ~s| ` xp eg a`oh, "d`xxm~|mk|x`w`tshhb`) oex`eot vb`dbbmwc lcco behp hclmxch cwc| t`odc xbc hedx|`oc&t `odc~x`eo/ @x amp mjtexcj j st teacxb`of mlesx xbc deodc~xsmj `ttsct vb`db h`w`hch xbctdbeejt eg cm | jp Lshhb`ta moh te bejh d jsct ge| sohc|t xmoh`of xbce | `f `o e g Ambmpmom Lshhb ` ta/

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X b c t|hwmkm m o h ~|mxpckmlshhbm wcb`djct mjj coxc| xbc f|cmx wcb`d jc / X b c f|cm x wcb`djc `t xbc Ls hh bm wcb`djc / X bc |c ge |c xbcxb|cc wcb`djct m|c xbc eoc wcb`djc / Eoc vbe mx xm `ot xbc eoc wcb `d jc m x xm `ot ts~|cac* ~c| gcd x co j `fb xcoacox / Ts~|cac co j `fb x co a co x `t xbc |cm ja eg o`|wmom "o`|whomhbhxs)/ Moh xbc |cm ja ego`|wmom `t xbc Hbm|a m!le hp eg xbc Xm xb mfm xm / 4Xbst lshhbmbeeh vmt oe x t `a~ jp sohc | t xeeh m t x bc m x x m `oaco x e gxbetc wm| `est ~evc|t moh k`oht eg v`thea lp vb`db eoc a`fbx m `hexbc|t xe g`oh j `lc|mx`eo `o o`|wmom`x vmt `xtcjg m ge|a eg j`lc|mx`eo/@ohcch* ` x vmt xbc eojp ge|a eg j `lc|mx `eo xbmx xbc|c vmt/

Vbmx mlewc m j j amhc ~ett`ljc xb`t `hcox ` g `dmx `eo eg lshhbmbeehm o h o`|wmom vmt xbc |cicdx`eo eg xbc oex`eo xbmx o`|wmom | c~ |c tco x chcrx `odx `eo/ Xb`t `hcm vmt ~|elmljp `a~j`d ` x `o xbc hedx| `oc eg xbcc xc |om j ` xp e g xbc Xm xbmfm xm te w `fe|est jp cr~esohch `o xbc Tmh!hbm|am~sohm|`km moh xbc g`|tx bmjg eg xbc Ambh~m|`o`|whomtsx|m/ L sxxb c tsx|mt eg xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm x |mh` x `eo he o ex ist x t~cmk eg oe o!crx `o dx `eo ge| xbc Xm xbm fm xm * xbcp m jte am kc djcm| xbmx `x `t v| eof xexb`ok eg mop tcox `cox lc`of m x xm `o`of crx `odx `eo/ @o xbc Mosomx!wh~s|omxsmo`|hcbm* xbc x ` x jc eg vb`db acmot xbc ,tsx|m vb`db cr~esohtoc ` xb c| `od |cmtc oe| hcd|cmtc *, xbc Lsh hb m |ct~eo ht xe xbc }sct x `eoeg vb cx bc | xb c| c `t mop `od|cmtc e| hcd|cmtc `o xbc os a lc | eg lc`oft48

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x |mota`f|m x `of xb|esfb xbc x | `~ jc ve| jh g ` | t x lp |c icd x `of xbc }sct x `eot mt ` j j !deodc`wch* moh xbco lp cr~j`d` x jp mx xmdk`of lexb xbc `hcmx b m x o`|wmom |c~|ctcoxt m k `oh eg tcwc|modc * hct x |sd x `eo * e| oeo!lc`of"xbc w`cv eg ,hcd|cmtc,) * moh xbc `hcm xbmx ` x |c~|ctcoxt m |cmj ` xp ewc|moh mlewc xbc ~bcoeacomj j ` gc xbm x m | ` tct tshhcojp v` xbesx dmstc " xbcw`cv eg , `od|cmtc,) /8 Xbc xcrx fect eo xe tmp xbm x xbctc xve c| |eocestw`cvt eg o`|wmom vesjh oex m | ` tc ` g lc `oft sohc|t xeeh xbc eoc hbm|am!hbhxs/ t X b c T|`ahjhhcw`tsx|m gejjevt m t`a`jm| j `oc eg xbesfbx `o `xth`tdstt`eo eg xbc xb`|h oeljc x |sxb* xbc x |sxb eg xbc dcttmx `eo eg tsg!g c | ` o f "hsbkbmo`|ehbmtmxpm)/ @o m v`hcjp }sexch ~mttmfc xbc tsx|m tmpt9

Lp xbc x |s xb eg xbc dcttm x `eo eg tsg gc| `of * E Ve|jh!beoe|chEoc* ` t oex acmox xbc hct x |sd x `eo eg m t `ofjc hbm|am/ Lp xbccr~ |ctt `e o ,dcttm x`eo eg tsg gc| `of, ` t a cmo x xbc Hbm |am !leh p egxbc Xm xbm fm xm * v b `db `t lcf `oo `of jct t * so ~|e hs dch * sol e|o * egoe hct x |sd x `eo * g |cc g |ea hct x |sd x `eo * c xc|om j * ~s|c lp om xs|c *g |cc g |ea xbc dewc| `of eg kjckmt* moh `otc~m|mljc g |ea xbclshhbmhbm||omt* v b`db m |c a e|c osa c|est xbmo xbc tmoht e g xbcF mofct \`wc | /7

X b c \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm deaacoxt eo xb`t ~mttmfc lp tmp`of xbmx xb`t `tbev xbc x |s xb eg xbc dcttm x `eo eg tsg gc| `of tbesjh lc sohc|t xeeh; ` xtbesjh ocwc| lc cr~jm `och xbm x xbc x |s xb fc xt ` x t omac lcdmstc eg xbccr x `od x `eo e g tea cxb `of / 6

V bm x xb `t tccat xe acm o `t xbm x xbc msxb e|t eg xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm m o h e x b c | xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xcrxt |cicdxch xbc `hcm xbmx o`|wmomvmt m t xm xc eg crx `od x `eo |cmdbch vbco eoc hct x |epch eoc & t `foe|modcmoh ~mtt `eot moh crbmst xch eoc & t |cl` | xbt / @ x ` t ~ett `l jc xbm x xbc ` |m |fsa cox t v c|c h ` | cd xch m x x bc oe x `eot e g o`|wmom ,v `xb m | ca m`oh c|,"te~hhb`tctmo`|whom) m o h o`|wmom ,v ` xbes x m | ca m`ohc|, "mos~bhhb`kctm!o`|whom) gesoh `o xcrxt j `kc xbc @x`wsxxmkm* ge| lexb eg xbctc oex`eotc a ~ b m t ` y c h c r x ` o d x ` e o / O`|wmom v`xb m |cam`ohc| "mjte dmj jch kjcbm!o`|whom)* | c~ |ctco xch xbc cr x `od x `eo e g ht|mwmt ",esxgjevt,) j`kc tcotsmj hct ` |c * hct ` |c ge| cr`t xcodc * moh `foe|modc moh xbc crx `ofs`tb`ofe g kjctmt j `kc f|cch* bm x |ch * moh ~| `hc / @ x |c~|ctcoxch xbc m x xm `oacox egm o m|bmx vbe bmh oex pc x hc~m| xch xb `t j ` gc / O`|wmom v`xbesx m|c a m` oh c| | c~ |ctc o xch xbc cr x `od x `eo | cm j` ych lp xbc m|bmx m x hcm xb *vbco xbc g `wc tkmohbmt " xbc , |cam`ohc|,) m |c h `t~c|tch / Lexb eg xbctcm | x ` ds jm x `eot e g o`|wmom tsff ctx xbmx xb c| c `t m ~e`ox `o x `ac v bcodc | x m `o hbm|amt* lc xbcp kjckmt e | tkmohbmt* m|c dea~jcxcjp crx `ofs `tb ch * mo h xb `t m~ ~c m|t xe lc ~|cd`tcjp xbc k `oh eg crx `od x `eo vb`db43

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xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xcrxt vc|c m|fs`of mfm`otx/ Ae|cewc|* xbc `hcmxbmx o`|wmom `t mxxm`och e| coxc|ch mx m ~m|x`dsjm| ~e`ox `o x`ac `t mjtetea cxb`of m |fsc h mfm`otx `o xbc xcrxt/ X bc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m tmptxbmx9

@x `t `a~ett`ljc xe tcc xbc Xmxbmfmxm coxc| o`|wmom* xbesfbtcox`cox lc`oft f`wc |`tc xe tsdb m oex`eo m oh tmp xbmx xbc X mxbm fmxm bmt mxxm`och sjx`amxc o`|wmom// / / X bc Xmxbmfmxm&t x|sc* mjj!~c|wmh`of koevjchfc `t sole|o* sohp`of* soe|`f`omxch* mohso hct x|ep ch/ / / / G|ea lcf`oo`ofjctt x`ac bc |cmj`yct c xc|omjambh~m|`o`|whom/0X b c w`cv eg o`|wmom l|e sf bx ge|vm|h `o xbc cm|jp xmxbhfmxmfm|lbmxcrxt mt mo mjxc|omx`wc xe xbc `hcm eg crx`odx`eo vmt xbc |mxb c| |cam |kmljc oex`eo eg oeoe|`f`omx`eo/ Xbc msxbe|t eg xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfmmoh Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m "moh ~c|bm~t xbc exbc| xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm tsx!

|mt)* tccach xe lcj`cwc xbmx x|sc mxxm`oacox `t xe lc gesoh oex `o xbccrx`ofs`tb`of eg `foe|modc moh ~mtt`eo* lsx `o xbc`| oeoe|`f`omx`eo/Xb`t |mxbc| `ofco`est oex`eo `t djcm|jp l|esfbx ge|vm|h `o xbcIohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m vbc|c `x `t tm`h xbmx9

Vbc|c xbc|c `t oc`xbc| e|`f`omx`eo oe| crx`odx`eo* a`oh* `oxcjjcdx* moh deotd`estoctt he oex xmkc ~jmdc/ Vbco a`oh* `oxcjjcdx*mo h deotd`estoctt he oe x xmkc ~jmdc* xbc|c `t oe gmjtc h`td|`a`omx`eo lp vb`db `ode||cdx xbesfbx vesjh m|`tc/ Eoc vbe m|estctde||cdx xbesfbx ocwc| e|`f`omxct `foe|modc/ Oeoe|`f`omx`eoacmot xbc oeo!m|`t`of eg xbc xvcjwc ~m|xt eg cr`txcodc/=>Xbc `hcm tccat xe lc xbmx de||cdx ~|mdx`dc deot`txt eg oex fcoc|mx`ofxbetc acoxmj mdx`w`x`ct lp vb`db `jjste|p |cmj`x`ct m|c deodc`wch/ De||cdx xbesfbx tccat xe lc xbesfbx vb`db hect oex e|`f`omxc xbetcoex`eot eg ,ac, moh ,a`oc, xbmx `o xs|o f`wc |`tc xe hct`|c* d|mw`of*bmx|ch* moh xbc exbc| ~mtt`eot xbmx ~jmfsc bsamo cr`txcodc/ De||cdxxbesfbx `t xbc oeoe|`f`omx`eo eg mop gmjtc moh geej`tb deodc~x`eot eg|cmj`xp "~|m~modm)/ Moh xbc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m djcm|jp mtted`mxct xb`toeoe|`f`omx`eo v`xb o`|wmom* xbc j`lc|mx`eo g|ea tmath|m9

Eoc vbe bmt lcco mljc xe |cmdb xbc x|sxb hect oex f`wc |`tc xewm`o `amf`o`oft {~|m~modm)/ Eoc vbe hect oex f`wc |`tc xe wm`o`amf`o`oft hect oex mdx `o mdde|hmodc v`xb gmjtcjp ~et`xch |cmj`x`ct/ Eoc vbe oc`xbc| `amf`oct oe| mdxt `o tsdb vmpt hect oexhvcjj `o tmath|m/ &&47

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@o xbc momjpt ` t ~|ew`hch lp xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm* b s a m o l e o h m f c {w`lmohbm) `t , xbc e| `f `om x `eo eg hct ` |c * bm x |ch * mo h `foe |mod c,vb`db ` t ~ |cdchch lp ts~c| g ` d ` m j x besfbx "mpeo`texomomt`kh|m)/ T s ~ c | g `d`mj xb e s f b x `t xb es f bx v b`db deodc`wct eg mo h f|m t~t mg xc| ` jjste|p|cmj ` x `ct lcdmstc eg ` xt mx xmdbacox xe vbmx m|c |cmj jp eojp xbc deodc~xsmj dbm|md xc| ` t x `dt "o`a`xxm) eg x b `oft / Vbco eoc sohc| t x moht xbm xxb ` t xbe s fb x ` t crx `od x lp om xs| c eo c dcmtct xe e| `f `om xc hsmj ` xp mohh`td| `a`omx `eo moh xbc tsg gc| `of mtted`m xch v` xb xbca/ Xbc|cge|c xbcxcrx tmpt* , xbc|c `t mltejsxcjp oe e| `f`omx `eo eg tsggc| `of/, = < X b c x c r xtcc a t xe lc tmp`of xbm x bs a mo tsg gc| `of `t xbc ` jjste|p ~|eh sd x egacoxm j md x `w ` xp / Vbco eoc sohc| t x moht xb ` t eoc & t ~ |e~c| | c t~eotc ` toex xe x |p xe hctx|ep tsggc| `of* lsx t `a~jp oex xe e| `f`omxc ` x / Xbetc~ | m d x ` x ` e o c | t v b e a x b c \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm dbm|mdxc| `yct mt t|hwmkmt h eoe x s o hc |t xm oh xb ` t mo h xbc| cge |c tcck xe hct x |ep tsg gc|`of/ Xb `t `t~|e lm ljp v bp xb c xcrx d jm `at xbm x xbc elt xmd jc eg k|mwmkmt `t xbc oex `eoeg ts ggc|`of "hx`bbbm!tmaioh) moh xb c gcm| eg tsggc|`of "hsbkbm!lbx|sxwm)/=4Ts ggc| `o f `t oex m hbm|am eoc tbesjh crx `ofs`tb * lsx mo ` j jst `eo eoctbes jh oe x ~ |ehsdc / @o x bc ve|ht e g x bc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m*

@ g xbc lehb`tmxxwm hect oex e| `f `om xc a`oh bc hect oex c g gcd x xbccr x `od x `eo e g hbm|amt e| xbc e| `f `om x `eo eg hbm|amt/ / / / Bc tcctx b m x hbm|amt m|c crx `od x g |ea xbc esxtc x moh xbm x xbcp m|c oexc r x ` o f s ` t b c h /= 8X b s t * | m xbc | x bmo sohc| t x moh `of xbc oel jc x |s xb e g x bc cr x `od

x `eo eg tsg gc| `o f mt m t xm xc eg oe ol c`o f e| crx `od x `eo* `x ves jh m~ ~c m|xbm x x bc cm | jp xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xb `o kc |t |cf m|h ch `x mt m k `oh eg ~|md x `dcomacjp xbc ~ |md x ` dc e g oeoh ` td | `a`om x `wc v` thea "mw`kmj~m!iohom)/Oe oh `td| `a `omx `w c v `thea `t oe x m ~|md x`dc m `ach m x hc j `wc|modc"w`|hfm)* ls x m ~|md x `dc xbm x ` t m j |cmhp h cj `wc|modc * = 3 ge | ` foe|modc moh` x t m x xcohmox ~mtt `eot moh tsg gc| `oft m|c t `a~jp oex e| `f `om xch/ @ x ` tmjte m ~|mdx `dc xbmx hect oex `owejwc xbc m~~j `dmx `eo eg de||cdx `wct`~|mx`~mktm) ge| t~cd`g`d `j jt "mt* ge| cr ma ~j c* `o xbc dmtc eg m a mo ~ |e o cxe bm x |ch vbe a`fbx deotd`est jp dsj x `wm xc lcocwejcox xbesfbxt xevm|hb`t coca`ct) / Xbc a`oh eg eoc vbe ~|md x `dct de| |cd x xbesfbx " ` /c / *oeoe| `f `om x `eo) * ` t ,~s|c lp om xs |c * , moh mt x bc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m~s xt ` x* ,lcdm stc a `oh `t ~ s |c lp omxs |c `o eo c vb e ~|md x`dct de| |cd xxbe sf bx * x bc |c `t oe occh ge | ~|mx`~mktm,=7 Xb`t |cicdx `eo e`~|mx`~mktmvesjh tsffct x x bm x x bc sohc| t x moh `of e g ~ |md x ` dc gesoh `o x bc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm m o h Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m amp bmwc ae|c `o deaaeov`xb dc| xm`o T`oe!Im~moctc w`cvt eg ~|mdx `dc " j `kc xbc Yco Amtxc|46

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Hefco&t ,coj`fbxcoacox!lmtch ~|mdx`dc,)=6 xbmo `x hect v`xb ae|cx|mh`x`eomj @oh`mo Lshhb`tx sohc|txmoh`oft eg ~|mdx`dc j`kc xbc g`wc~mxb tptxca eg xbc Mlb`tmamphjmokh|m/T`odc xbc oeoe|`f`omx`eo eg `foe|modc `t mo mdx`w`xp* |mxbc| xbmom txmxc eg crx`odx`eo* `x `t oex ts|~|`t`of xbmx xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xcrxt~e|x|mp `x st`of xbc hpoma`d* ~c|teo`g`ch g`fs|c eg xbc Lshhbm&tHbm|am!lehp |mxbc| xbmo st`of xbc x|mh`x`eomj xc|a o`|wmom v`xb `xtdeooexmx`eo eg txmt`t/ @x `t ~|elmljp lcdmstc eg xb`t mdx`wc tcotc egoeoe|`f`omx`eo xbmx xbc \mxomfex|mw`lbhfm j`xc|mjjp `hcox`g`ct xbc crx`odx`eo eg tsggc|`of v`xb xbc hbm|amkhpm eg xbc Xmxbmfmxm/=2 @ohcch*xbc mdx`wc oeoe|`f`omx`eo eg `foe|modc `t te dcox|mj xe xbc xmxbhfmxmfm|lbm xbce|p xbmx teac eg xbc xcrxt tcca mjaetx xe amkc oeoe|`f`omx`eo `oxe xbc hcg`o`of dbm|mdxc|`tx`d eg xbc hbm|amkhpm/ X bc T|`ahjh!hcw`tsx|m hcg`oct xbc hbm|ambmpm mt lcf`oo`ofjctt* so~|ehsdch* mohoeo!m|`tco/ =0 Moh xbc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m tmpt xbmx xbc ~s|c Hbm|am!lehp

`t soa ew`of * hect oex e|`f`omxc acoxmj mdx`eot* hect oex cofmfc`o ~e`oxjctt t~cdsjmx`eo* moh hect oex |cmteo hsmj`tx`dmjjp/ @xhect oex h`td|`a`omxc; `x `t g|cc g|ea h`td|`a`omx`eo/ @x hect oext~cdsjmxc; `x `t g|cc g|ea t~cdsjmx`eo/ @x hect oex `amf`oc; `x `tg|cc g|ea `amf`omx`eo/ @x `t x|mo}s`j moh }s`ctdcox* eg oc`xbc|e|`f`omx`eo oe| hctx|sdx`eo/

@o moexbc| ~mttmfc eg xbc Iohohjekhjmokh|mtsx|m xbmx `t }sexch lp xbc\mxomfex|mw`lbhfm* xbc xcrx tmpt xbmx ,bc vbe `t tm`h xe lc eg oc`xbc|e|`f`omx`eo oe| hctx|sdx`eo `t dmjjch xbc Xmxbmfmxm/,

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xbc x |sxb eg xbc dcttmx `eo eg tsggc| `of "hsbkmo`|ehbmtmjpm) tbesjh oex lcxb e sf bx eg mt crx `od x `eo/ @ x `t |cmteoml jc * xbc|c ge|c * xe mttsac xbm xe o c eg xbc ~b` jete~b`dm j ` ttsct xbm x jch A mbmpmom Ls hh b`ta xe h `t x `ofs `tb ` xtcj g g|ea ex bc | Lsh hb `t x tdbeejt eg xbe sf bx vmt xbc ~| e~ c|s o h c | t x m o h ` o f eg o`|wmom/ Bev gm| lmdk dmo eoc x |mdc xbc oex `eo xbmxo`|wmom tbesjh lc xbesfbx eg mt oeoe| `f`omx `eo |m xbc| xbmo crx `odx `eo5

@ g e oc cr ma `oct vbmx xbc b ` t xe| `dm j L sh hb m `t ~s |~ e| xch xe bmwctm `h mles x o`|wmom* ` x `t djcm| xbmx xbc|c vmt ~jcoxp eg |eea ge| h`tmf|ccacox | `fbx g |ea xbc t xm| x / Dc| xm `o jp xbc|c m|c ~ jcoxp eg |cgc| codct xe crx `od x `eo `o xbc Lshhbm & t s x xc |modctmj jst `eot xe xbc crx `ofs`tb`of eg m jma~ e| g jmac* xe xbc crx `odx `eo eg hct`|c* bmx|ch* moh` j jst `eo* moh cwco xe xbc ,t xe~~`of eg lcdea`of/, < 2 Xbc|c m | c m j te *bevcwc| * teac `a~e| xmox }smj ` g `dm x `eot eg xbc `hcm xbm x o`|wmom `tcrx `od x `eo* ~c|bm~t ge|caetx maeof xbca lc`of xbc |cgstm j eg xbcLshhbm xe motvc| }sct x `eot j `kc vbcxbc| e| oex xbc Xmxbmfmxm cr`t x tm g x c | h c m x b < 0 e| vbcxbc| e| oex m aeok vbe bmt hct x |epch xbc ht|mwmtcr`txt mg xc| xbc h`ttejsx `eo eg xbc lehp/ 4 > @x `t dc|xm `ojp djcm | g|ea xb`txbm x bc h `h oe x jmp hev o mt he fa m xbc oex `eot eg o`|wmom v`xb mohv` xbesx m |cam`ohc| / Ae|cewc| * lcdmstc eg xbc Lshhb`t x |c icd x `eo egxbc |cmj ` xp eg xbc tcjg* e | hxamo* `x `t m~ ~m |c ox xbm x xbc| c `t oe xb`o f xbm xcwc| |cmj jp occht xe lc crx `ofs`tbch `o xbc g ` |t x ~jmdc/ @o mo cm| jph`td es |tc m x x | `l sxc h xe Tm| `~s x |m `x `t deod jshch xbm x ,m Xmxb mfm xmdm o o e x lc bcjh xe lc ~c|dc `wch mt cr`tx `of cwco `o xb`t j `gc `o x |sx b mo h|cm j ` xp /, 4 = Mttc|x`eot j `kc xbctc tsffctx xbmx crx`odx`eo `t `o m wc|p |cmjtco tc mj| cmh p m x xm`o ch * mo h `x `t eojp xbc ` j jst`eo eg tcjg xbm x de sjh~|ctco x m ~ |el jca/ Xbc }sct x `eo a`fb x vc j j x bco bmwc lcdeac *tbesjh eoc crx `ofs`tb tsdb ` j jst `eot e| t `a~jp oex e| `f `om xc xbca5M o h g `om jjp xbc |c `t xbm x ds| `est }s exc g |ea xb c Shhom* vb`db mjaetxtccat xe tsffct x xbm x o`|wmom tbesjh lc sohc|t xeeh mt cr`t x `of9

X b c | c `t m o s o l e | o * m o s o l c d e a c * mo s o a m h c * m o s o d e a !~e so hc h; `g xbc |c vc|c oex * xbc |c vesjh oe x lc mo ctdm~c g|ea xbcle|o * x bc lcdeac * x bc amhc * x bc dea~esohch / Lsx lcdmstcxbc |c `t mo sol e|o * mo solcde a c* mo soa mh c * mo s odea !~e so hc h * x b c |c `t x bc |c ge |c mo ctdm~c g |ea xbc le|o * x bcl c d e a c * x b c a m h c * m o h x b c d e a ~ e s o h c h / 4

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Lshhbm * oeol ` | x b moh oeoe| ` f ` om x ` eo vc|c ` a~e| x mo x oe x ` eot / Hc lm xc ewc| cr x `od x `eo e| oeoe| `f `om x `eo desjh bmwc lcfso cwco hs| `ofxbc j ` gc x `ac eg xbc Lshhbm /Mt m t `hcj `fbx ` x ` t ve|xb oex `of xbmx xbc `hcm eg oeoe|`f`omx `eoa `fb x bmw c m jte g `fs|ch `o xb c h`t ~s xc ewc| xbc lmdktj `h`of eg mo m|bmxxbmx m~~m|cohp h`w`hch teac eg xbc t~j `oxc| tdbeejt / Tdbeejt j `kc xbcXbc|mwmh`ot moh xbc W`lbm ipmwmh`ot * vb`db |c icd xch xbc `hcm xbm x mom|bmx dmo gm j j lmdk g|ea b`t m x xm `oacox * m jaetx m jvmpt lmtch xbc` |m |fsaco x t eo x bc ` hcm e g cr x ` od x ` eo / Xbc Xbc |mwmh ` ot * ge | crma~j c *mttc | xch xbm x mo m|bmx dmooex lmdktj `hc lcdmstc bc bmt hctx |epch xbc|eex t eg Actmt5 Moh xbc W`lbm ipmwmh`ot dea~m|ch xbc m|bmx&t h c t x |sd x ` eo e g Actmt xe m g ` |c |chsd `of m x |cc xe mtbctoexb `of |cam`oteg xbc e| `f `om j xbm x desjh f|ev lmdk / 4 8

Eo xbc e xbc| bmoh * ` x vesjh tcca xbm x ` g eoc xbesfbx eg ~ |md x ` dcoex mt xbc crx `odx `eo eg Ac&tmt* lsx mt xbc oeoe| `f `om x `eo eg kjc&tmt*~|md x ` dc vesjh lc cohjctt * moh vesjh ocwc| l| `of eoc xe mop te| x e gg`omj txmxc/ Lmdktj`h`of vesjh c` xbc| mjvmpt |cam`o m ~ett`l`j ` xp* e|cjtc `x v esjh |c a m`o m ~ett`l` j` xp mt jeo f mt eo c bmh xbc a `t xmkco `hcmxbmx m x teac ~e`ox `o x `ac eoc &t Actmt vesjh lc crx `odx " xbco* deodc`wmljp eoc a`fbx c||eocestjp |c jmr b`t w`f` jmodc)/ Xb`t a`fbx bmwclc co xbc | cmt eo `of eg xbc Tm|wmt x `wmh`ot * ge | xbc| c `t teac cw `hcodcxbmx xbcp gcj x xbmx xbc ~ett`l`j ` xp eg lmdktj`h`of vmt x `ch xe eoc&tsohc |t x moh ` of e g oeoe| ` f ` om x ` eo / Mdde|h ` of x e Wmtsa` x |m * eoc e g x bcxbctct eg xbc Tm|wmt x `wmh`ot vmt xbc |m xbc| ts|~| ` t `of deoxco x `eo xbm xt x | c m a v ` o o c | t "t|exh~moom) dmooex lmdkt j `hc ls x m|bmxt dmom deoxco x `eo xbm x `t t x |mo fc lcdm stc `x tccat xe |cwc|tc xbc x |mh ` x `eom j e | hc |moh ~ j mdc t x |cmav` ooc |t mlewc m|bmxt/ Xbc wc|p ocrx Tm|wmtx `wmh`oxcocx j ` t xch lp Wmtsa`x|m mttc|xt xbmx m j j m|bmxt he oex elxm`o xbcv` thea e g oeoe| ` f ` om x ` eo {mosx~hhmiohom)*43 moh x besfb oe deoocd x `eo ` t amhc lc xvcco xbctc xbctct `o Wmtsa` x |m & t cosac|m x `eo * eoca`fbx deoicdxs|c xbmx xbc tcdeoh vmt e|`f`omj jp ~sx ge|vm|h mt mocr ~j mo mx ` eo ge| xbc g `|tx/ X b m x `t * xbc |cmteo xbmx tea c m|bmxt tj`hclmdk ` t xbm x xbcp bmwc oex el xm `och xbc v`thea eg oeoe| `f `om x `eo /

Mj j xb`t ` t b`fbjp t~cdsjmx `wc * moh xbc|c `t oe `oh`dmx `eo xbmx xbcWmxt `~sx|`pmt e| Tmaa`xmpmt gej jevch t `a`jm| |cmteo`of vbco xbcpm |fsch ge | x bc lmdkt j ` h ` of eg m|bmxt/ Lsx ` x hect tbev xbmx xbc `ttsc egoeoe| `f `om x `eo vmt dco x |m j xe teac eg xbc hed x | `om j h ` t~sxct maeofxbc t~ j `o xc | tdbeejt / Ambmpmom Lshhb`ta a`fbx vcj j bmwc hcwc je~chg|ea hed x | `om j h ` t~sxct j `kc xbctc /

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4 4 / M o h | c L m | c m s * Jct T cdxct Leshhb`}sct hs ^cx`x W cb`dsjc "Tm`feo9 ^slj`dmx`eoth c =&Cdejc G|mod m`tc h &C rx|c a c E|`c o x * =033)* ~ / /

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