william shakespeare, king henry viii, and queen elizabeth i miss donnelly background information for...
TRANSCRIPT
William Shakespeare, King Henry VIII, and
Queen Elizabeth I
Miss Donnelly
Background information for Romeo and Juliet
William Shakespeare- an overview little is known about him except from public
records born in April 1564, died in April 1616 one of greatest writers in English language wrote plays and poems also acted
William Shakespeare- the beginning lived in Renaissance England Grew up in the market town of Stratford-
upon-Avon Married Anne Hathaway in 1582 (at age
eighteen) Births of daughter Susanna (1583) and twins:
Judith and Hamnet (1585)
William Shakespeare’s success By 1592 Shakespeare had achieved some
prominence in London as both an actor and a playwright
in 1593 Shakespeare became a published poet. Records for December of 1594 show him to be a
leading member of the Lord Chamberlain's Men Was a principal actor, dramatist, and part owner of
acting company Queen Elizabeth I attended some productions
William Shakespeare- The Globe years In 1599, Shakespeare's company built a theater
for themselves across the river from London, naming it the Globe.
The plays that are considered by many to be Shakespeare's major tragedies (Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth) were written while the company was resident in this theater
Many of Shakespeare's plays were performed at court (both for Queen Elizabeth I and, after her death in 1603, for King James I)
The Globe Theatre
The first “proper” theater Only men acted seating capacity of up to 3,000
spectators. There was no lighting, all
performances at the Globe were conducted, weather permitting, during the day
Seating charts reflected hierarchy of Elizabethan England
in the early days—one penny ($1.66) to get in and another penny if you wanted to sit in the balconies
The Globe
Burned down when a cannon shot during a performance of Henry VIII ignited the thatched roof of the gallery
Was rebuilt later on before Shakespeare’s death
William Shakespeare- The Final Years Sometime between 1610 and 1613 Shakespeare
seems to have returned to live in Stratford-upon-Avon, where he owned a large house and considerable property, and where his wife and his two daughters and their husbands lived. (His son Hamnet had died in 1596.)
William Shakespeare died in Stratford on April 23, 1616 (according to the epitaph carved under his bust in Holy Trinity Church) and was buried on April 25.
Henry VIII
Henry was the king of England Henry’s first wife was Katherine Katherine failed to produce a male heir- did produce a daughter– Mary Tudor Henry imprisoned his first wife
denied that they were still married
Henry, Anne, and Elizabeth Catholics didn’t allow divorce, so King Henry
created his own church in which he can get a divorce Anglican Church (Church of England) Married Anne Boleyn in new church
Married Anne Boleyn miscarried twice, but produced a daughter Elizabeth Tudor born on September 7, 1533
Katherine (1st wife) died same month as the Boleyn's last miscarriage
Katherine and Anne
Catholic critics considered him a widower and free to marry again in Catholic Church Catholic Church did not recognize 2nd
marriage because Catholics did not believe in divorce
Henry was able to annul marriage to Anne He accused her of adultery and incest Was executed on 5/19/1536
Henry VIII
Henry was single again and ready to marry Henry married Jane Seymour 12 days later
Prince Edward was born in Oct. 1537 Seymour died due to complications
Henry then married Anne of Cleves (4th wife) Then Catherine Howard (5th wife) Katharine Parr (6th wife)
The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Anne of Cleves (4th)
Henry VIII found her homely, but married her to form an alliance with William Duke of Cleves (brother
When threat of an attack by Holy Roman Empire dissipated, the marriage was a political embarrassment
Annulled by Anglican Church in 1540
The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Catherine Howard (5th)
Maid of honor for Anne of Cleves He learned that she had several affairs before
marriage and probably committed adultery Had Parliament pass a bill making it treason for
any unchaste woman to marry a king Was beheaded in 1542
The Forgotten Wives of Henry VIII Katharine Howard (Catherine- formal
spelling) 6th
Daughter of official in royal household After Henry died in 1547 married Baron Thomas
Seymour Maintain close relationship with his children Died shortly after giving birth to a daughter
Succession of the throne
King Henry VIII died Prince Edward took throne
with help of uncle
Edward died w/o a male heir Throne was given to eldest
daughter Mary
Mary imprisoned Elizabeth Thought she was trying to overthrow
her Mary ruled and then died
during birth of her child
Succession of the throne
Child died as well Elizabeth (like Henry) was a Protestant Mary (sister-recently deceased) was a
Catholic Mary had to choose to either execute
Elizabeth or leave her the throne when she died
Elizabeth’s reign
Elizabeth I receives of her sister’s death and that she will inherit the throne in 1558.
Elizabeth’s reign
Council members
pressured her to marry
and have an heir to
secure the throne She began to tire of it and refused to marry She ruled the rest of her life as “The Virgin
Queen” Elizabeth I died 3/24/1603 from a bad cold