William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet

William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet1

IntroductionElements of Drama2Elements of DramaDrama (play)

Characters

Conflict

Plot

Climax

Resolution

A story written to be performed by actors.

Features: Similar to a novel or short story

3

3Dialogue

Acts & Scenes

Playwright

Script

Stage directions

Sets

Props

Dramatic EffectCharacters tell the story in a play through dialogue, the speeches of the characters.

Basic units of a play are acts, which are further divided into scenes.

Author of the play

Text

Tell how the work is to be performed, or staged.

Sets are the constructions indicating where the drama takes place.

Movable objects, like swords or pens, that actors use onstage.

All of the elements of drama combine to produce the vivid illusion of reality known as the dramatic effect.4Types of DramaTragedytragic herotragic flawchorus

Comedy

A tragedy shows the downfall or death of the tragic hero, or main character. Serious plot that ends in disaster for the main character.

In ancient Greek drama, the hero was an outstanding person brought low by a tragic flaw, a mistaken action or defect in character.

Greek tragedy included a chorus, a group of performers who commented on the action. Shakespeare sometimes used a single actor to perform the role of the character.

Comedy stresses the weaknesses of ordinary people or of society itself.

Happy ending, usually after an amusing series of predicaments.5There are two types of plays, tragedy and comedy, created by the ancient Greeks. William Shakespeare1564 - 1616William Shakespeare is regarded as the greatest writer in English. His plays have been performed for over 400 years. He is known for beautiful use of the English language.

Intro to Shakespeare - http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=D00F34B2-B123-45FA-B420-F3992EEDDBD3&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US#

Shakespeares impact on English - He introduced many new words into the language:Leapfrog, majestic, hint, lonely, excellent, and gloomyCatch cold, laugh it off and fair playFamous lines:From Hamlet To be, or not to be: that is the questionFrom Romeo and Juliet - Parting is such sweet sorrow.From Julius Caesar - Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears6Almost 400 years after William Shakespeares death, his work continues to influence the study of English literature.

6The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet7Romeo and Juliet - CharactersChorusEscalusParisMontagueLady MontagueRomeoMercutioBenvolioAbramBalthasarCapuletLady CapuletJulietNursePeterSampsonGregoryFriar LawrenceFriar JohnAn ApothecaryPrince of VeronaA young count, related to the PrinceRomeos fatherRomeos motherSon to Montague Friend to Romeo and kinsman to the PrinceCousin to Romeo , nephew to MontagueServant to MontagueServant to RomeoJuliets fatherJuliets motherDaughter to CapuletJuliets nannyServant to Juliets nurseServant to CapuletServant to CapuletFranciscanFranciscanPharmacist 8Setting Verona, ItalyCapulets

Montagues

Act I

Literary Terms11AsideA comment made by a character, but is not heard by the other characters onstage.Example: Act I, scene 1

Sampson and Gregory speak without Abram hearing. Blank VerseA metrical pattern known as unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Romeo & Juliet is written in blank verse.13CharacterizationCreating the image of imaginary persons in literature.

Characterization creates plot and is revealed by actions, speech, thoughts, physical appearance, and the other characters thoughts or words about him.14CoupletTwo lines back to back of verse (poetry)A couplet rhymesThe lines are of the same metrical lengthThey form a single unit.15Example of a Couplet:"My words remain below, Never to heaven go -Claudius

Shakespeare's Hamlet

Epithetan adjective that expresses a characteristic of a person or thing.

Catherine the Great

Dennis the Menace16Figurative language/ Figure of speech the expressive use of language in which words are used in other ways than their literal senses so as to suggest and produce images in a readers mind bypassing logic. 17Metaphora figure of speech saying a person, idea, or object is something else.

And take my tears, which are loves wine. - John Donne

18Similea figure of speech comparing two things using like, as, as if, or such .

19Puna play on words or the humorous use of a word emphasizing a different meaning or application.

Sometimes referred to as the lowest form of humor.

Example:

Did you hear about the guy whose whole left side was cut off? He's all right now.

I couldn't quite remember how to throw a boomerang, but eventually it came back to me.20

AllusionAn indirect reference to something everyone knows about.

Example The Resurrection 21FoilA character who provides contrast to another character .

Most of the time they contrast the protagonist to show some advantage of the second character. 22Act IILiterary Terms23AnalogyMakes a comparison between two or more things that are similar in some ways but otherwise unalike.

So, whats the difference between a metaphor, simile, and analogy?

Metaphor says one thing is anotherSimile compares two things to create a new meaningAnalogy shows how two things are similar using logical connections 24ImageryDescriptive or figurative language used to create word pictures for the reader.

The images are created by details of sight, sound, taste, touch, smell, or movement.

Often created by metaphors and similes. Example - I want to fly like an eagle. 25IronyDifferences between appearance and reality, or expectation and result.

Verbal irony Dramatic ironySituational irony26MonologueA speech by one character that is addressed to another character or characters.

Example - Act I Prince of Veronas speech after the street scene. 27OxymoronA combination of words, or parts of words, that contradict each other.

Examples: Deafening silenceHonest thiefWise foolBittersweet

28PersonificationA type of figurative language in which a nonhuman is given human characteristics.

Example - Mother Gooses The Cat and the Fiddle Hey diddle, Diddle,The cat and the fiddle,The cow jumped over the moon; The little dog laughed To see such sport,And the dish ran away with the spoon.29SoliloquyA long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage. 30Act IIILiterary Terms31

AllusionAn indirect reference to something everyone knows about.

Example The Resurrection 32ClimaxTurning point in story most suspenseful event. After the climax, the falling action is apparent.33Dramatic Structure34

SymbolAnything that stands for something else.

In addition to its own meaning, a symbol also represents abstract ideas.35Act IVLiterary Terms36Protagonistthe leading character of a drama, novel, etc. This is not always the hero, but is always the principal and central character whose rival is the antagonist.

The term is from the Greek protagonistes, meaning first actor in a drama. 37AntagonistThe character who strives against another main character.

This character opposes the hero or protagonist in drama.

The term is also used to describe one who contends with or opposes another in a fight, conflict, or battle of wills.38Act VLiterary Terms39MotivationReason or reasons behind a character's action; what induces a character to do what he does; motives.In Romeo and Juliet, love motivates the title characters. In Shakespeare's Macbeth, ambition (lust for power) motivates the title character and his wife to murder the king.

40ThemeThe central and dominating idea of a literary work; the thesis.

In addition, the term means a message or moral implicit in any work of art.41SourcesPrentice Hall Literature Textbook Grade Nine. "Guide to Literary Terms eNotes: Guide to Literary Terms. Ed. Penny Satoris. Seattle: Enotes.com Inc, October 2002. eNotes.com. 16 November 2008.