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Wilson’s Essential Pool & Spa News

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In this month’s magazine: Another Birmingham mishap Pages 2 Big in Texas

Page 3 Thermometers and NOIDs Page 4 Phosphate problems Page 5 Bacteriological testing Page 6 Property section

Page 7 Letters and bitchin’ Page 7 Recent pool & spa plant course Page 8 Pool & spa plant courses

Page 9 /10 Entrapment Page 11/12 ISPE application form Page 13 Myth about pee in pools Pages 14 &15 Peeing & pooing in pools Plus much, much more!

Join the ISPE crew!

Application form on pages 7 & 8

(Tell them Allen sent you!)

Join for only £25.00 VOLUME 3 ISSUE 7 July 2016

Enjoy!

BRAND NEW!!!!

Property section; see page 6

Another Birmingham pool closes

following poo in pool incident

Both pools at Northfield Leisure Centre have been closed for thorough

cleaning following a faecal incident the pool yesterday on Tuesday 14th

June. There was concern locally when the pools were suddenly closed

and schools informed parents that swimming lessons were cancelled. A

spokeswoman for Serco, who run the centre, today confirmed the cause

of the closure. She said: “The swimming pools are currently closed for

thorough cleaning after a child defecated in the pool yesterday. This is a precautionary measure and the pools will reopen once

tests have confirmed the water quality is safe for swimmers and all necessary actions have been taken. “Following recent

events at Cocks Moors Woods Swimming Pool, we will be testing for Cryptosporidium as an extra precaution,” she added. Allen

said: “It’s a tragedy but its good to see Serco are following industry guidance I’m glad Ian Phelps is still at the helm”. See Page 13

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“Obviously the two girls in the

picture managed to lose their

helmets and life jackets on the way

down, but unfortunately managed

to keep their cozzies on!”

Would this comply with BSEN 1069?

Good ol’ Wilkipedia tells me that a

Trifecta is “a bet in which the

person betting forecasts the first

three finishers in a race in the

correct order.”

The United States is filled with thrilling adventure destinations and attractions. One of these is nestled in the state of

Texas, the Royal Flush Water Slide. This is a truly one of a kind experience. The Royal Flush is actually a trifecta (AW.

whatever that means!) of huge water slides. The trifecta includes a kiddie slide, and 2 other behemoth slides. With

millions of views in less than a week, it was as clear as the water used on the ride itself, that this would remain one of

the main attractions in the Texas area, for many years to come. Located in Waco, Texas, at the well known amusement

park, BSR Cable Park, this park is filled with picturesque blue water, and enough rides to keep the whole family busy and

entertained, for days on end. But remember, safety first! All patrons must wear a helmet as well as a US Coast

Guard-approved life jacket in order to participate in the festivities. There is also a BMX track alongside, see top left.

I used to test these for a risk assessment company I worked for. But they would need to get a Stannah chair lift now for

me to reach the top.

What is BS EN 1069-1:2010 -

Water slides. Safety

requirements and test methods

ONLY £220.00 No seriously!

http://shop.bsigroup.com/ProductDetail/?pid=000000000030264296



3


FREDDY’S OFFERING

Notification of infectious diseases (NOIDs)

Registered medical practitioners in England and Wales have a statutory duty to notify their local authority or local Health Protection Team of suspected cases of certain infectious diseases. All laboratories in England performing a primary diagnostic role must notify Public Health England (PHE) when they confirm a notifiable organism. PHE collects these notifications and publishes analyses of local and national trends every week.

Totals for last 6 months

Malaria 70 Tuberculosis 2635 Scarlet fever 13863

Last weeks totals of relevant afflictions Legionnaires 2 Cryptosporidium 8 Giardia 4

NOIDS informataion

Thermometers for legionella and other

purposes testing

Infra red thermometer, ideal for testing pipe

surface and mixing valves Only £19.95 + £1.95

p&p

Immersion thermometer, ideal for measuring

tap or shower outlets Only £19.95 + £1.95 p&p

Both for only £36.50 + £1.95 p&p

Tank thermometer with immersion sensor

£8.95 + £1.95 p&p

All three only £39.50 + £1.95 p&p

All plus VAT

VAT Invoice will be sent with delivery

email me confirming your order to

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Also TDS/ thermometers only £25.00 + VAT

Thermometers for sale

4


From Ian Nicks, one of the good guys in our industry, an ex-front row forward and a hero of mine.

Hey up How are you-ok I hope. Recovering from chucking yourself off balconies! Etc. In France at present trying to see if retirement really will work. Lunch every day is good as a starting point-relaxed in the afternoons though!!-back to the UK next week running round like a silly bugger with no chance of a 2 hour lunch!!! Back to work though: Phosphates in pools!!!

I am investigating a new pool 25m local authority pool which has algae growth in the centre of a pool, the inlets are at the shallow and deep end and the pool has UV. The installers who I respect are saying it is too high phosphates causing the problem but I partially disagree as viewing the video of the dye test on commissioning, it clearly shows the lack of circulation in the area of the algae. They have confirmed that the phosphate levels showed ??? both in the pool and tap in a soft water area. I am staying with my thought and have recommended to slightly increase the floc as they are trying to flog an expensive phosphate removal kit to the client. What are your thoughts as I saw an article in the monthly e mail some time ago. Thanks in advance, Cheers, Ian

Allen said; Hi Ian Great to hear from you and I too have been trying retirement in Spain. My problem is I can only stand so much heat before I am forced indoors, where I am confronted with a dilemma of; do I go back out and sizzle like an overdone rasher, or do I join my wife, watching Jeremy Kyle. So back to work then! I appreciate that with the amount of phosphates the water companies now add to control the levels of lead (and copper) in the water is akin to putting fertiliser in the pools and encouraging plant life such as algae. I imagine that as it is a new pool it is a deck level type. Due to most of the water exiting over the top, movement on the bottom is slow and this is why the pool should be swept daily. Getting Managers to recognise this need can be difficult, But the brighter lights in the industry advocate this. Alternatively get an automatic sweeper and throw it in at night. I believe we are stuck with the Phosphate problem as the water authorities seem reluctant to do the correct thing and replace pipework. There are some pool product companies offering phosphate reducing flocculents that may alleviate the situation.

Highest regards, top man,

Allen

Your letters

DO YOU HAVE A PROBLEM THAT MAY BE

ATTRIBUTABLE TO HIGH PHOSPHATE

LEVELS?

Just send me a 30ml sample and I will analyse if free of

charge and email you the results.

Alternatively send a 30ml of pool water and 30 ml of

mains water.

There is no charge or hidden agenda for this!

Its just an opportunity to use my Lovibond Phosphate

photometer.

Please do not attempt to email me the sample! Send it

to:

Studies in Work

90 Tuffley Crescent

Gloucester GL1 5NE

What happens if you don’t do

anything about the phosphates?

First, chlorine usage goes up. Whether you are using granules, tablets, liquid or a electrolytic chlorine generator, usage will increase. If you have always had high phosphate levels, you have likely always been using more chlorine than otherwise would be necessary to create a safe residual. Second, your combined chlorine readings will generally increase. This is due to the chlorine attacking the algae that is forming in your pool, which reduces the free available chlorine and increases the combined chlorine levels. Those with a properly sized UV system may not see this, as the UV destroys the chloramines as they are formed. I have heard on the grapevine that a government grant is being made available to the water companies to remove the lead mains. So not only will they get paid for it, they will also cop the money for weighing in the bluey at the local scrapyard. Loadsamoney!

5


Bacteriological testing from pools and

spas only £47.00 + VAT , including

collection

To ensure compliance with lead body guidance, British Standards and your own risk assessments, pools and spas accessible to the public must be microbiologically tested on a regular basis at a UKAS laboratory

Conventional pools should be tested monthly.

Hydrotherapy pools weekly.

Spas, hot tubs, monthly plus a test for legionella every three months.

All bacteriological tests are carried out at a UKAS accredited

laboratory.

All bacteriological testing follows Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI)

guidelines.

Any bad results, you will be notified immediately. We will then advise you of any measures that you need to implement.

Second or subsequent tests at same time (second pool) at £17.00 only. e.g. Pool and spa only 64.00 + VAT

Free! Free! Free! You will also receive a free help line from Studies In Work for any pool-related issues. All you need to do is call us at 07885 615547 or email us at [email protected] We can also carry out your risk and COSHH assessments and advise you of pool and plant conditions and write your NOP and EAPs regarding pool and plant. We also provide Institute of Swimming Pool Engineers (ISPE) endorsed training in Pool and spa plant operation, Legionnaires & Asbestos Awareness, Portable Appliance Testing and much more

6

One bedroomed ground floor, end terraced, apartment in Rocajuna, near Torreveieja with communal pools Only 57,500 Euros (£46,000 approx. at today’s rate) or nearest offer. Apartment comprises of: one bedroom, one bathroom, a fully equipped kitchen/living room, and a refurbished terrace with a limited sea view. Great location, only 800 metres approximately from beach and five minutes’ walk to complex of shops and restaurants. Service and equipment Air conditioning with cooling & warming facilities, portable I/R heater 26” flat screen with approx. 20 channels from free to view satellite. Kitchen fully equipped with large and small electric oven, Gas hob, Microwave, Toaster, Two electric kettles, Sandwich toaster, Slow cooker, Iron, Vacuum cleaner. All crockery, cutlery and utensils are included. Terrace recently refurbished of approx. 22metres square, with table, two chairs and sun lounger. Ample on street parking. Secluded communal Swimming Pools: one paddling pool and one larger pool with sunbathing areas. Access only with residents key card. Bathroom with bath and shower (above) WC and wash basins, mirror and cabinet, towels included. Living room with leather reclining armchair and settee/double bed , Cupboard, table and picture & mirror. Bedroom with two single beds + one folding bed, built in double wardrobe two cabinets, and bedding included. Outside area One (old but works well) washing machine, Box of tools, shopping trolley, one folding beach chair.

PLUS LHD Opel Corsa, four door, Spanish registered Reasonable condition with approx. 90.000k on clock (approx. 60,000 miles) only. New exhaust, four tyres, battery, brakes less than 1,000k ago . Will have new ITV (MOT) at conclusion of sale.

Wilson’s Essential Pool & Spa News Who wants to buy my Spanish apartment?

At 55 C. California, rocajuna, Torrevieja, Spain

Apartment and car can be seen on Google earth (refurb taking place at time of filming) on Monte Pelado, Torrevieja 03185

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Wilson’s Essential Pool & Spa News You wrote

Trevor P Evershed, a school site worker from West Sussex wrote: “please dont send me these anymore there very boring”

Allen replied “Hi Trevor, I can confirm that your details have now been removed from our mailing list. In the interests of fairness and transparency, your grammatically inaccurate comments will be published in the July edition of the magazine.”

To others out there, if you wish to comment or complain, please, please turn on your grammar checker first, or alternatively, get a grown up to type it for you. Allen Wilson

This month bitchin’ is about pedestrians. You are driving

towards a pedestrian crossing when a pedestrian stood by

it, presses the stop button. They then saunter over against

the light and are twenty yards away on the other side of

the road when you arrive and the lights order you to stop.

So you end up stuck there for nothing until the lights finally

turn green again. I have actually modified my screen wash

to get them! Note my screen-wash contains a substance to

prevent legionella bacteria. I might dislike these clowns,

but not enough to give them Legionnaires disease

This month’s bitchin’

Misconceptions about crossing the road in foreign countries

1. Vehicles are not allowed to hit you if you run the first two metres and then stumble,

shamble or amble the rest of the way.

2. By running the first two metres it can be argued, possibly with a degree of success at your

inquest, that you were taking reasonable steps (excuse the pun) to avoid accidents.

3. At all costs avoid any form of eye contact with approaching drivers, working on the

unfounded theory that if you can’t see them, they are not allowed to run you down.

4. Don’t under any circumstances carry a donor card as, in the event of an accident, your liver

or other essential organs are likely to be ripped out , together with your wallet, for

donation (or alternatively on Ebay) by an over exuberant, first aid unqualified, onlooker.

5. Whistle loudly, in case of visually-challenged drivers. Singing is permissible instead of

whistling (this in fact, is a regional variation and may only apply if you are from Scotland).

Take care

Allen

Something to bitch about? Just send it in!

Devon & Cornwall delegates choose ISPE

endorsed pool & spa plant training

My thanks to the course organisers;

RG Pools and Leisure Ltd

01579 340200

What a pleasure it was to work at the St Mellions Golf club in Saltash, Cornwall where delegates enthusiastically displayed their

skills and knowledge, whilst revalidating their PPO qualifications. I did have to set my watch back to the 1990s at the local hotel I

stayed where I was able to watch the footy on a huge CRT television with a screen about the same size of my Ipad.

8

Wilson’s News from Studies In Work

How embarrassing!

So this geezer is daft enough to leave a replica bomb in Manchester

United’s ground resulting in a game being abandoned after fans had

travelled from Bournemouth where the opposition were from and

London where the majority of Man Utd fans appear to be from.

And to make things even worse he then has the audacity to go on television

wearing a Glawstur (Gloucester) rugby shirt.

For the last few years, Glawstur rugby has struggled big time, but the last

thing they need is some clown, demonstrating how stupid they are, whilst

wearing one of their shirts.

So Mr Chris Reid of Security Search Management & Solutions Ltd, If you do

intend to demonstrate more silly stunts, please let me know and I will

gladly buy you a Bath rugby shirt. Allen Wilson

Two day ISPE endorsed, certificated Pool & Spa Plant Operators

course at Rochester on 25th/25th July 2016

Covers: how the operator can provide pool water in an economic manner that is safe, hygienic and attrac-

tive. It covers disinfection, pH, filtration, flocculation, backwashing, testing, monitoring, proactive & reac-

tive measures. H&S and is the basic requirement for anyone involved in the operation, supervision or

monitoring of pools and spas. Also covers waterborne diseases.

£215.00 + VAT, Contact Allen on 07885 615547 or email [email protected]

Entrapment Again !

A parent recently telephoned me, relating how one of her children became trapped in

a spa pool by a side mounted outlet. Thankfully an adult managed to free him. This

problem and associated fatalities has risen and been highlighted across the world and

has been dealt with most admirably in the USA with VGB & Abigail Taylor legislation.

All we have here in the UK is guidance such as BSEN15288 and PWTAG recommenda-

tions, often not acted upon. Is there legislation in South Africa or where you live. If so,

share it with me and allow it to be forwarded to all of you. On the following pages, a

device that will eliminate this hazard.

Thanks, Allen Wilson FISPE, Tech IOSH

Two day ISPE endorsed, certificated Pool & Spa Plant Operators course at

Bexhill on Sea, East Sussex 9th/10th August 2016

Covers: how the operator can provide pool water in an economic manner that is safe, hygienic and

attractive. It covers disinfection, pH, filtration, flocculation, backwashing, testing, monitoring, proactive &

reactive measures. H&S and is the basic requirement for anyone involved in the operation, supervision or

monitoring of pools and spas. Also covers waterborne diseases.

£215.00 + VAT, Contact Vicky on 01424 819047 or email: [email protected]

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JOIN THE

ISPE NEED

YOU!

THE ISPE

Application for Membership Please complete ALL sections of this form in block capitals AND complete the CV overleaf

Only £25.00 to join! JOIN THE

ISPE


Name (in full) .............................................................................................. Home Address ............................................................................................. .................................................................................................................... Date of Birth .................................... Home Telephone No. ......................... (Please note none of the above details are given to any other person or organisation.) Company Name........................................................................................... Company Address ....................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... Position or Job Title and/or brief description .............................................. Date your employment with this company commenced ............................. Company Telephone No. .................... Company Fax No. .......................... Email Address ..................................... Mobile No.. .................................... Please state whether you wish Institute correspondence, invoices, magazines etc., to be sent to you at your home address, or to your Company address...................... Please use the reverse of this form for your c.v., or attach it to this application form before asking two members (if known) to propose and second your application. Proposed by.........................................Signed............................................. (please print name) Seconded by ........................................Signed ............................................ (please print name) Completed application forms should be sent with c.v. (see over), and the Entrance Fee of £25, to The Institute of Swimming Pool Engineers, P.O. Box 3083, Norwich, NR6 7YL. Please make £25.00 cheques payable to I.S.P.E. or email [email protected] to pay by BACS If your application is successful you will be advised of your allocated category and will be invoiced for your annual subscription, or that part due for the portion of the financial year remaining. The financial year commences on 1st July and ends the following 30th June. I declare that the information given on this application form and the accompanying c.v. is accurate, and hereby apply for membership of the Institute of Swimming Pool Engineers. I enclose my Entrance Fee and will pay the required annual subscription as and when advised. Please reproduce this page as necessary

12

CURRICULUM VITAE

Applications will be returned, unprocessed if there is insufficient information given on the c.v.

Please give full details of your employment and experience within the swimming pool and/or spa industry

Company name Job title or position held Date joined Date left

(most recent first)

WORK EXPERIENCE

Please give details of your experience in the swimming pool/spa industry, gained from the positions you

have held. Please do not simply state for example ‘builder’ or ‘service engineer’ but do give a full descrip-

tion of your job title and the work you typically carry out, (applicants seeking full membership of the ISPE

are required to demonstrate via this c.v. at least seven years experience within the pool/spa industry in a

technical and/or a responsible position. Associate members must show at least three year's experience.

QUALIFICATIONS AND COURSES ATTENDED (including approx. date) If none, state none

OTHER INFORMATION, which you may like to give in support of your application


13


Quality Experts Clear the Water on the Colorful Myths

Associated With Peeing in the Pool

Mythical pee detecting dye? Nope. Chlorine causes red eye? Nope. But "red eyes" is a colorful indicator that someone might have peed in the pool. WASHINGTON, May 18, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- As the swimming season kicks off, health experts from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Water Quality and Health Council and the National Swim-ming Pool Foundation (NSPF) have teamed up to launch a campaign to stop people from peeing in the pool. To do so, they are busting a couple of colorful myths associated with this clandestine activity. According to a new survey conducted by Survata on behalf of the Water Quality and Health Council, nearly half of Americans surveyed incorrectly believe that there is a chemical that is added to pools that turns a conspicuous color in the presence of pee. In the same survey, 71 percent also incorrectly blame chlorine for causing swimmers' eyes to become red & irritated. "Chlorine and other disinfectants are added to a swimming pool to destroy germs. Peeing in a pool depletes chlo-rine and actually produces an irritant that makes people's eyes turn red," said Michele Hlavsa, chief of CDC's Healthy Swimming Program. "The solution isn't rocket science; it's common courtesy. Swimmers should use the pool to swim, the restroom to pee and the showers to wash up before getting in the pool. It's that simple. "There isn't a dye that turns red. It's the eyes that turn red. Swimmers' eyes are the real color indicator that someone might have peed in a pool," said Thomas M. Lachocki, CEO of the NSPF. "That 'chlorine' smell at the pool isn't actually chlorine. What you smell are chemicals that form when chlorine mixes with pee, sweat and dirt from swimmers' bodies," said Chris Wiant, Chair of the Water Quality and Health Council. "These chemicals – not chlorine – can cause your eyes to become red and sting, make your nose run and make you cough." Busting the Pool Dye Myth It's the most common pool myth of all time: If you pee in the pool, the water will change color and everyone will know. Parents have long used the story of a chemical that changes color in the presence of pee to keep their chil-dren from peeing in the pool. The fact is, there is no such dye that currently exists. AW: excuse American spelling

Hi Allen, I chuckled about your “pee in the pool” story and about the blue dye myth. Here’s the press we issued last year with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) and the Water Quality & Health Council. It got tons of media attention. I hope you are well, Tom

A COMMENT FROM THE USA’s TOP POOLIE, TOM LACHOKI CEO OF THE NSPF

Sign by www.studiesinwork.co.uk No reproduction without written consent

This pool is equipped with a urine detector.

Use the toilets & showers

before swimming.

WARNING!

14

YSK MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS

E: [email protected] M: 07719 669567

FOR ALL YOUR POOL LIFEGUARDING AND FIRST AID TRAINING

and much, much more!

ST wrote: Your June article answered a few questions but left me needing

more details and possibly statistics. Can you oblige. Thanks.

Peeing These findings are from a research paper that appeared in the

journal of Environmental Science & Technology. The paper was authored

by Blatchley and China Agricultural University researchers Lushi Lian, Yue E

and Li. The new findings suggest more than 90 percent of uric acid

introduced to pools comes from human urine. The researchers analysed

swimming pool water samples, combined with the results of experiments

involving chlorination of uric acid and body-fluid like mixtures. The

researchers used an analytical technique called membrane introduction

mass spectrometry (MIMS) to identify and measure the volatile

disinfection by-products. Tucked in the paper’s supplemental material are

calculations the researchers did, for a small residential swimming pool used

by 20 people. With each swimmer urinating an average of 50 millilitres,

the pool would contain only about 12 micrograms per litre of cyanogen

chloride. That’s 12 parts per billion; not much, but more chemical warfare

agent than one might ideally like in a swimming pool.

This causes the creation of nitrogen-containing disinfection by-products (N-DBPs). N-DBPs found at low levels in

swimming pools have been linked to eye and throat irritation. At high levels, they can adversely affect the nervous and

cardiovascular systems. These by-products were already known to be in chlorinated pools and to be formed from the

reaction between chlorine and organic chemicals, such as those found in body fluids. This latest study confirms that

uric acid is one of the potential sources of these chemicals. Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down

substances called purines. Purines are found in some foods and drinks. These include liver, anchovies, mackerel, dried

beans and peas, and beer. Most uric acid dissolves in blood and travels to the kidneys. From there, it leaves the body in

the form of urine.

Peeing and pooing in pools


15

Pooing

In a pool with correct chlorine levels without the advantages of UV or Ozone, e.g. conventional pools 1 to 3mg/l, HT pools or kids 2.0 to 4.5 mg/l also pools using stabilised chlorine 2.0 to 4.5mg/l, there is very little threat to health from a solid faecal release, aka; brown trout, Richard the third, etc. etc. It is highly likely that this release will contain coliforms and amongst them may be E.coli and the one that causes most concern E.coli e0157. These will be neutralised with 60 seconds by an ade-quate level of chlorine at a pH of 7.2 to 7.6, though I personally advocate 7.2 to 7.4. However mention liquid faecal matter releases and you are opening up Pandora’s box. There is a slight probability , perhaps 5% that hard shelled oocysts, such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium will be released. The advocated chlorine levels will be completely inadequate and our only defence against this, is adequate use of toilets and showers before swimming, Yeah! In our dreams! Oh and decent flocculation plus UV or Ozone.

Here are some Statistics from the UK lead body: Pool Water Treatment Advisory Group.

How much Cryptosporidium in a contaminated pool? If someone with cryptosporidiosis infection passes diarrhoea in a

swimming pool, this is the maths: 1 million oocysts per ml of diarrhoea x 150ml diarrhoea = 150 million oocysts entering the

pool In a typical 25x12m pool (450m3) [100,000 gallons] that would be an average concentration of 333 oocysts per litre.

AW says: this is more likely in children's pools, one tenth the size of the above sized pool, so only 45,000 litres (10, 000

gallons) so therefore the concentration of oocysts is 10 X 333 = 3,330 oocysts per litre.

PWTAG continues: it has been estimated that children aged 6-18 years consume 37ml of pool water in a training session, so

would swallow 12 oocysts.

AW says; I believe those using children’s pools will swallow more than 37ml, more likely 50ml and could therefore swallow up

to 150 oocysts and remember just 12 oocysts is more than enough to make someone ill. Someone becoming ill conjures up

thoughts of a cold or a bit of mild sickness, But suffering from Crypto or Giardia is not a simple malady. These, in a worse case

scenario can kill. When it got into the Milwaukee water supply, twenty years ago, it killed approximately 100 people. As in

most pandemics, the people most at risk are those with a compromised immunity system; the elderly, the young and AIDs

sufferers. We build up our resistance and immunity system by being exposed to lower levels of bacteria; remember the 10

second rule? With the level of Chlorine, common in many pools; 1.0mgl (parts

per million) it would take more than 10 days to deactivate it. The most effective

and essential form of control is a UV system that disrupts the DNA & RNA of Crypto

and Giardia and prevents it multiplying and I sadly estimate that less than 10% of

pools and spas have this form of treatment installed although retrofitting is not a

big deal. Also the use of a flocculent that helps filter out Crypto and I estimate that

up to 30% of pools do not have an adequate flocculation system in use, plus of

course getting bathers to use the toilets and then shower before entering a pool or

spa.

Wolfram Hartwig an American pool specialist told me that his research indicated

that each bather introduced into the aquatic facility, a gramme of faecal matter on

their anal orifice. He then said if you have fifty bathers you had a teaspoonful of

faecal matter in the pool. He referred to this as ’cheek-wash’. He also said only 5% of Diarrhoea (one in twenty releases)

contained Crypto or Giardia oocysts.

TO COMPARE WITH SEWAGE To compare the levels above I would refer it to sewage and the only research that I am aware

of, 3 years ago in Poland and 10 years ago in Norway and where Samples of sewage influent from 40 sewage treatment works

in Norway were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia s cysts. Both parasites were detected frequently

(80% Cryptosporidium positive; 93% Giardia positive) and at maximum concentrations of >20,000 parasites/litre.

Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts in effluent from sewage treatment plant from eastern Poland 2013 In Poland ,

Cryptosporidium oocysts concentrations ranged from 0.4 - 154.1 oocysts per litre, and Giardia cysts concentrations ranged

from 0.7 - 660 cysts per litre, so sadly, not as bad as an infected small pool!


Peeing and pooing in pools (cont)

EMERGENCY DOSING (approximations) Add this page to course

manual

Calcium hypochlorite 67% average Pool capacity in M3 mg/l (ppm)

grammes required

100 1 150

200 1 300

300 1 450

400 1 600

500 1 750

Sodium hypochlorite 12.5% average Litres required

100 1 0.8

200 1 1.6

300 1 2.4

400 1 3.2

500 1 4

Trichoroisocyanuric acid 90% average Pool capacity in M3

mg/l (ppm)

grammes required

100 1 112

200 1 224

300 1 336

400 1 448

500 1 560

Emergency dosing of swimming

pools

This should only be undertaken in an emergency and never be the normal method of dosing

1. Spas should never be hand dosed and if automatic control fails, spa should be closed until

unit is functioning correctly

2. Chemicals should never be added whilst bathers are in pool

3. Staff carrying out this task should be competent, e.g. have received adequate training to do

so

4. The correct PPEs and RPEs should always be worn e.g. goggles, respirator, gauntlets, apron,

etc.

5. The approximate addition values (above) should be followed

6. It can be added via a made up solution through the pump strainer or balance tank. Note: this

will then take a complete turnover period of the pool for all parts to be disinfected

7. Initially add 2/3rd of requirements, circulate (sweep pool), test levels and add more as

required. It’s always better to under-dose than over-dose


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