winning the war. total war conscription propaganda production
TRANSCRIPT
Conscription
• Draftees by Nation– Germany – 3.4 million– Russia – 15 million– United States – 2.8 million (75% of forces)
Production
• Shell Crisis of 1915– Failed offensive blamed on lack of artillery
shells– Resulted in Munitions of War Act 1915
• Factories brought under control of govt.• Dictated wages, hours, and working conditions• Barred people from quitting
Revolution in Russia
• Russian Losses in the War
• October 1916– 1,800,000 dead– 2,000,000 prisoners of war– 1,000,000 missing– total = 5,000,000 men
Russian Economy
• Food Shortages
• Rising Prices
• Increase in Strikes
• Increase in Crime
• Long Lines, 40 hrs/wk in the city
• Stores Closing
• Increase in Prostitution, etc.
February Revolution, 1917
• People in food lines started a demonstration>
• Women poured out of factories demanding bread>
• Women stopped at factories to get more supporters>
• Soldiers ordered to stop demonstrations>• Soldiers join in revolt>• Tsar abdicates
German Secret Weapon
• Lenin and 30 other revolutionaries return to Russia in April
• Trip received German logistical and financial support
• By October Lenin is leading second revolution
Bolshevik Revolution
• Bolsheviks (Lenin) Seize power
• Opposition Mensheviks would like to work for slow change
• Sign Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany in March 1918
Russian Civil War
• 1918-1922• Red Army v. White Army• Red Army controls the center• White Army included royalists,
Mensheviks, democrats, minority populations, and the Allies
• Red Army wins mainly because of center concentration of forces/everyone else divided along periphery
Allies Win the War
• 3/18 Begins German Final Push – Wanted to get the upper hand before fresh American troops arrived, pushed 40 miles into France
• 5/18 Germans Reach Marne River Valley – German army and economy exhausted, fresh Americans arriving
• 7/18 Second Battle of the Marne – Allied victory, Germans pushed back into Belgium
Allies Win the War
• Allies begin Advancing toward Germany
• Bulgarians & Ottomans Surrender
• Austria-Hungary suffers internal revolution
• Kaiser Wilhelm I steps down & Germany becomes a Republic
• 11/11/18 11:00am Armistice Signed
Crazy Connection
• Hitler Uses Same Train Car to Accept French Surrender in WWII
• Video Link