WIRELESS APPLICATION PROROCOL

By ; DaanaveeravaravenkatasathyanarayanakrishnaprasadamurthY

HISTORY

The wireless industry came up with the idea of WAP. The point of this standard was to show internet contents on wireless clients, like mobile phones, two-way radios, smart phones and communicators .

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Introduction • What is WAP ?

• Wireless Application Protocol

Meaning of Wireless Application ProtocolA “standard” created by wireless and Internet companies to enable Internet access from a cellular phone

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What are the main ingredients(components) of WAP?WDP: wireless datagram protocolWTLS: Wireless Transport Layer SecurityWTP: Wireless Transaction ProtocolWSP: WAP Session ProtocolWML: Wireless Markup Language

Wireless Markup Language (WML)

– Designed to describe content and format for presenting data on devices with limited bandwidth, limited screen size, and limited user input capability

– Mainly text-based information that attempts to capture the essence of the Web page and that is organized for easy access for users of mobile devices

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml" > <wml> <card id="main" title="First Card"> <p mode="wrap">This is a sample WML page.</p> </card> </wml>

WAP: Main Features Browser– “Micro browser”, similar to existing web browsers Markup language– Similar to HTML, adapted to mobile devices Script language– Similar to JavaScript, adapted to mobile devices Gateway– Transition from wired to wireless world Server– “Wap/Origin server”, similar to existing web servers Protocol layers– Transport layer, security layer, session layer etc. Telephony application interface– Access to telephony functions

Figure shows the basic WAP architecture [1]. There are three participatingentities: the WAP browser, the WAP gateway (also called WAP proxy) anda server on the Internet.When the mobile device wants to connect to the Internet, all the communicationpasses through the WAP gateway. This WAP gateway translatesall the protocols used in WAP to the protocols used on the Internet.

WAP Architecture

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COMPONENTS OF WAP ARCHITECTURE

WIRELESS APPLICATION ENVIRONMENT (WAE)

General-purpose application environment based on a combination of WWW and mobile telephony technologies.

It defines the user interface on the phone. It contains WML and WTA (Wireless Telephony Application).

WAE includes a micro-browser.

Wireless Session Protocol (WSP)

The WAP session protocol (WSP) layer provides a lightweight session layer to allow efficient exchange of data between applications.

It creates a session between the WAP client & the WAP Gateways. Each session has an unique id & must be started, stop, resume or disconnected.

Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP)

The WAP transaction protocol (WTP) layer provides transaction support, adding reliability to the datagram service provided by WDP.

It make sure that packets sent via WDP(wireless datagram protocol) actually arrive at their destination by waiting acknowledgement.

Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS)

WTLS checks the security level of data which is sent through wireless.

Features:• Data integrity• Privacy• Authentication

Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP)

The WAP datagram protocol (WDP) is the Transport layer that sends and receives messages via any available bearer network.

It is the most bottom layer and responsible for moving WAP data from sender to receiver & back again.

Provides a common interface to the upper layer protocols and hence they function independent of the underlying wireless network.

ADVANTAGES-

Simplicity of use.Mobility.Personalized.Easy to carry.Increased sales for devices ,infrastructure & gateway manufacturer.Time saving.

Some WAP applications• Location-based services

• Real-time traffic reporting• Event/restaurant recommendation• Highly customized ads• Instant messaging-type “buddy”

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• Enterprise solutions • Email access• Database access• A “global intranet”• Information updates “pushed” to

WAP devices

Financial services– Banking– Bill-paying– Stock trading– Funds transfers

Travel services– Schedules and rescheduling– Reservations

Which wireless networks does WAP work with?

• WAP is designed to work with most wireless networks such as CDPD,

CDMA, GSM, PDC, PHS, TDMA, FLEX, ReFLEX, iDEN, TETRA, DECT,

DataTAC, Mobitex.

Operating Systems That Are COMPATIBLE With WAPPalm OS, EPOC 32, Windows CE, FLEXOS, OS/9, Java OS, etc.

Battery lifeSmall display screensSpeed of accessLimited availabilityLack of user habitLimited memoryLimited bandwidth

DISADVANTAGES OF WAP

Any question……

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