Wireless ATM Development Scenario ( )

(KAIST)

Contents Wireless ATM ? Requirements Radio ATM : PHY, MAC, DLC Mobile ATM : Handoff, LM Testbed Systems (WATM Projects) Development Scenario Conclusions

Wireless ATM ? FastSlowMobility0.1110100Fixed Movable or StillCellularCordlessTelephonePCSIMT-2000Wireless ATMWireless LAN (IEEE 802.11)B - ISDNWirelessFixed / WiredSecond Gen.Third Gen.First Gen.CT-1AnalogAnalogCellularPSTNPSDNCordless-basedApproachCellular-basedApproachCT-2CT3DigitalcellularSatellitemobileISDN/B-ISDNPCNUMTS / IMT-2000W-ATMPublicPrivate(indoor)Mbps

Wireless ATM as a General Concept

Standardization (ATM Forum)Working Group (June `96)Recommendations (Dec. `98) ATM LayerData Link ControlATM Adaptation LayerUser PlaneMedium Access ControlRadio Physical LayerWirelessControlControl PlaneRadio Access R Specification Mobility M SpecificationMobility Control

Multimedia Service Classes and QoSService Classes CBR (Constant Bit Rate) VBR (Variable Bit Rate) : Real-time and NonReal-time ABR (Available Bit Rate) UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate)

ProblemsMedium (Radio ATM)ATM assumes reliable transmission mediae.g.) optical fiber => error correctionEfficient transmission of short cellsQoS guarantee over unreliable radio linkMobility (Mobile ATM)Signaling modifications to support mobilityAddressing (ATM, MAC, VCI/VPI)Security

Physical InterfaceFrequency Band2.4GHz band : 6-8 Mbps5 GHz band : 25Mbps (50 kcells/sec to the ATM Layer)17 GHz band : 155Mbps60 GHz band : 155Mbps or 622Mbps...Unreliable Link (Error Source)Multi-path fading (Dominant source)High frequency and traveling speed => fading rate Cell Size and Channel UtilizationPacket Size > 1cell / PDU for effective utilization

MAC Protocols for Radio Access InterfaceAccess ModeCircuit ModePacket ModeCDMATDMAParadigmCDMAParadigmTDMAFDMADSA/DSA++Dynamic TDMADQRUMASlotted CDMAMulticodeIntegrate Services and Guarantee QoSDistributed (WATM LAN) or CentralTDMA/Asymmetrical TDD with dynamic slot assignment (ATM Forum)???

Error Control (DLC)Channel Error RecoveryInterleavingForward error control (FEC)Dual - level FECLink Error RecoveryAuto Repeat reQuest (ARQ) retransmissionGo-back NSelective repeatFEC

Handoff IssuesHard vs. Soft HandoffPath Extension vs. Path ReroutingStatic COS vs. Dynamic COS SelectionControl Plane vs. User Plane SignalingQoS Guarantee at HandoffDifferent user load at base stationsReserving capacity => waste of system resource

WATM Project - Magic WANDPrivate, Indoor, Business Customer Premises NetworkDesktop, Nomadic User, Hand Portable ApplicationsACTS Projects50Mbps @ 17GHzTDMA/TDD50m Cell, 15 km/hMASCARAWireless DLCIntra-Switch Lossless HandoverAP : Access Point

WATM Project - MEDIANHigh Speed Wireless Customer Premises LANProfessional & Residential Multimedia ApplicationsACTS Projects34 or 155Mbps @ 60 GHzOFDM (512 Carriers)TDMA/TDD

WATM Project - BAHAMA Broadband Adaptive Homing ATM Architecture Ad-Hoc Wireless ATM LANPBS : ATM Switching Functionality + Wireless Access Interfaces AT&T Bell Lab. 2Mbps @ 900MHz 10Mbps @ ??? TDMA DQRUMA Homing Algorithm Broadcast Scheme

WATM Project - WATMnetA Prototype Microcellular Wireless ATM NetworkMobility Enhanced ATM Signaling (Q.2931+)NEC USA, C&C Research Lab.8Mbps @ 2.4 GHzTDMA/TDDp/4 QPSKDynamic TDMAAAL 3/4 & 5Handover Switch Scheme

WATM Project - SWANIndoor EnvironmentsAT&T Bell Lab.10-20m Cell625 kbps @ 2.4GHzTDMA/TDDFHSS modemToken Passing MAC

WATM Project - MBSPublic and Private System, Indoor and OutdoorAll Multimedia Applications and B-ISDN CompatibleACTS Projects34Mbps @ 60GHzTDMA/FDMA/FDD4 and 16 OQAMSR-ARQNetwork Handover with Server

WATM Project - SAMBA Advance the MBS Evolution and Promote Its Standardization Medical and Broadcast Applications ACTS Projects 34Mbps @ 40GHz

WATM Project - AWA Wireless ATM LAN and Public Networks Dual Mode Access ATM Services NTT 25-75Mbps@10-30GHz TDMA/TDD QPSK or p/4-QPSK SR-ARQ

WATM Project - Summary

Technology Tree for Wirelss ATMPHYMACDLCHandoffService IntegrationQoS GuaranteeDistributed vs. CentralBufferingCell IntegrityTransfer DelayHard vs. SoftExtension vs. ReroutingStatic vs. Dynamic COSControl vs. User PlaneQoS GuaranteeForward vs. BackwardWireless ATMRadio ATMMobile ATMARQ vs. FECHybrid ARQ/FECUtilizationMobile Tracking Mobile PNNI vs. LR

WATM Scenario

WATM Scenario - Stage 1Design ObjectiveWireless Channel DesignWATM Terminal + Base Station (BS)Carrier frequency : 2.4 GHz, 5.2GHz, 17GHz, 60GHz, etc.Radio Propagation Characteristic : Indoor, OutdoorMultiple Access Scheme : TDMA, CDMA, etc.Modulation : QPSK, OQAM, OFDM, etc.Channel Coding : Interleaving, FECAntennas : Omnidirectional, Directional, Array Cell Size and Link Utilization

WATM Scenario - Stage 2Design ObjectivesLocal mobilityService IntegrationWATM Terminal + BS + SwitchDynamic Scheduling : DSA, DQRUMA, etc.Services : CBR + VBR + ABR + UBRError Control : ARQ, FEC, ARQ/FECHard handoff vs. Soft handoffForward handoff vs. Backward handoff

WATM Scenario - Stage 3Design ObjectivesNetwork mobilityInterworking functionWATM Terminal + BS + Switch + ATM NetworksHandoff Signalling : Control Plane vs. User PlanePath Routing : Path rerouting vs. Path ExtensionQoS Guarantee During Handoff ProceduresLocation ManagementInterworking with Cellular, PCS, ATM LAN, etc.

ConclusionsExtension of ATM Services to Wireless TerminalsTechnology Tree for WATM (Radio & Mobile ATM)Various WATM Projects in ProgressMagic WAND, MEDIAN, BAHAMA, WATMnet, AWA, SWAN, MBS, SAMBAWATM ScenarioStage 1 : Wireless Link DesignStage 2 : Service Integration and Local MobilityStage 3 : Network Mobility and Interworking