wireless communication
TRANSCRIPT
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Now we shall learn how to use this Self learning module?
This SLM is on wireless communication. This is a Self timed presentation; it will play on its
own. You can navigate the slides back & forth using the
buttons below. Click on this symbol below to repeat verbal
Instructions.Contents
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Review of Previous Modules Company introduction This gives brief details about the Reliance ADAG group and
functionality.
Gyanmandir Its intranet portal which gives us the information and services for
each employee in ADAG group.
Wire line Media & optical fiber Cable This gives brief information about the transport network and
detailed study of optical fiber cable (OFC).
Wire line Network of RCOM This describes the role of transport in telecom network with reliance
3 Tier- Architecture.
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Objective
At the end of this module, the participants would be able to describe about wireless communications which include Mobile technology based on CDMA & GSM, Microwave, & Satellite communications.
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Contents
This module will cover the following topics: Wireless communication Types of Wireless Communication Mobile Communication Technologies CDMA & GSM Network Architecture. Microwave Communication Satellite Communication
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Mobile Communication / Cellular Communication Using Radio Frequencies
Basic Types
Point – to - Point Wireless Communication Using Microwave Frequencies
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Technologies
CDMA(Code division multiple access)
GSM (Global system for mobile
Communication)
Mobile Communication
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CDMA uses same frequency allocating different codes for different users.
GSM allocates different frequency to different users for a short duration of time
CDMA & GSM
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Mobile Station consists of
Mobile Station (MS)
A mobile EquipmentA Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
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Base Station System
ResponsibilitiesRadio communication with the mobile units
Contains:
Base Station Controller (BSC ) and
Handover of calls in progress between cellsManagement of all radio network resources and cell configuration data.
Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
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Base Station Controller ( BSC )
Radio Network Management
Functional Areas
BTS Management
Transmission Network ManagementInternal BSC Operation and Maintenance
Handling of MS connections
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BTS Functions
Radio Resources
Signal processing
Signaling link management
Synchronization
Local maintenance handling
Functional supervision and testing
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Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
Primary Functions
•
Switching and call routing
Charging
Service provisioning
Communication with HLR
Communication with the VLR
Communication with other MSCs
Control of connected BSCs
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GMSC Functions
Find and interrogate HLR for roaming number.
Route the call according to the interrogation.
Gateway Mobile Switching Center
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Home Location Register Records
Subscriber identity (i.e. IMSI, MSISDN)
`Subscriber supplementary services
Subscriber location information (i.e. MSC service area)
Subscriber authentication information
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Home Location Register Function
Subscription Database Management
Communication with MSCs
Communication with GMSCs
Communication with AUCs
Communication with VLRs/ILRs
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Security Functions
Subscriber Authentication
Radio information ciphering
Mobile equipment identification
Subscriber identity confidentiality
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Mobile networks are extremely complex
Operation Support System ( OSS )
Why ?
The structure of a mobile network is often changed to for extension and optimization of the network
Mobile network operators always demand reduction of O&M costs
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Service Area
.....
.
PLMN service area
Service Area
MSC service area...
Location area...
cell
PLMN service area PLMN service area
MSC service area...
Location area...
cell
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PLMN service area is defined as the area in which an operator offers radio coverage .
PLMN Service Area
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Location Area
A Location Area (LA) is defined as a group of cellsThe identity of the LA in which an MS is currently located is stored in the VLR When an MS crosses a boundary from a cell
belonging to one LA into a cell belonging to another LA, it must report its new location to the VLR
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Cell Types
Omni-directional CellOmni-directional Cell
120 Degree Cell120 Degree Cell
Omni
1
120degree
1
23
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Microwave (MW)
Microwaves are Electromagnetic (EMW) waves with wavelength shorter than one meter and longer than one millimeter or frequency between 300 MHz to 300 GHz (UHF,SHF,EHF)
The Term MW generally refers to Alternating current signals with frequencies between 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
EMW Longer than MW are called as Radio waves and shorter wavelengths may be called as Millimeter waves.
E
HP
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MW Advantages
Over RF Increased Bandwidth availability Improved Directive Properties. Reliable and less fade- Due to LOS(Line of sight) Power Requirement- Pretty low (less than 1w). Transparency Property- enable space communication
Over OFC MW can be deployed at a faster Pace. MW deployed in difficult terrain condition like Mountain, ponds,
lakes MW can have short term capital gain. Links can be re-used. Links are reliable if deployed as per the standard.
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Recurring license cost. Bandwidth limitation (Limited to STM1) Sensitive to Interference and Atmospheric condition.
Disadvantages
MW Disadvantages
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MW Applications at RCOM
Backhaul for Mobile coverage (BTS connectivity) As Long haul for STM1 Ring closure.
POI(Point of Interconnect) Connectivity & Gateway Microwave equipment for customer connectivity (from 2Mbps to 155 Mbps).
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DELHI
BOMBAY
CALCUTTA
MADRAS
HYDERABAD
BANGALORE
DELHI
BOMBAY
CALCUTTA
MADRAS
HYDERABAD
BANGALORE
VSATequipment
Modem Modem
VSATequipment
Ubiquitous reach Highly Reliable Broadcast Capability Ease of Installation
Satellite Communications-- Advantages
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Summary
At the end of the module, we have learned:
About Wireless communication
Types of wireless communication
Mobile communication Technologies
GSM & CDMA Network Architecture
Microwave Communication advantages & disadvantages.
Satellite Communication advantages