wireless power transmission - anacom
TRANSCRIPT
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Wireless Power Transmission
and its applications for powering Drones
1
António Carvalho, Nuno Carvalho, Pedro Pinho and Ricardo Gonçalves
04-12-2014
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Summary
I. Introduction
II. History of Wireless Power Transmission
III. Description of the Proposed System
IV. Transmitter
V. Receiver
A. Antennas
B. RF-DC
VI. Experiments with the Drone
VII. Conclusions
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Introduction
3
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV):
• non-crewed aircrafts that can either be autonomous or remotely controlled;
• associated with several successful applications;
Fig. 1: Parrot AR.Drone 2.0 [1].
[1] Gadget Of The Week: The Parrot AR.Drone 2.0 (May , 2012). Retrieved from: http://techcrunch.com/2012/05/25/gadget-of-the-week-the-parrot-ar-drone-2-0/
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Introduction
4
Major drawback
Reduced autonomy
Fig. 1: Parrot AR.Drone 2.0 [1].
[1] Gadget Of The Week: The Parrot AR.Drone 2.0 (May, 2012). Retrieved from: http://techcrunch.com/2012/05/25/gadget-of-the-week-the-parrot-ar-drone-2-0/
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Introduction
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• We propose:
Fig. 2: Representation of a drone charging with resort to microwave power transmission.
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History Of Wireless Power Transmission
6
Fig. 3: Nikola Tesla in his laboratory [2]. Fig. 4: William C. Brown holding the wireless power
helicopter [3].
[3] William C. Brown (November, 2014). Retrieved from: http://mainland.cctt.org/istf2008/brown.asp
[2] Ahead of his time: the genius of Nikola Tesla (February, 2013) Retrieved from: http://lucidthoughts.com.au/wordpress/?p=1268/
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Description Of The Proposed System
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Fig. 6: Wireless power transfer system consisting of a transmitter and receiver section.
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Description Of The Proposed System
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Fig. 6.1: Power transmitter.
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Transmitter
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• Linearly polarized, 16 element array;
• Total dimension: 14 x 14 cm;
Fig. 7: Final array layout.
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Transmitter
10
• Measured return loss of 9.8 dB
at 5,8 GHz.
Fig. 8: Comparison between the measured and simulated S11
of the full array.
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Transmitter
11
Fig. 9: Simulated and measured gain variation with theta of the 4x4 patch antenna array.
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Description Of The Proposed System
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Fig. 6.2: Power receiver and converter.
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Antennas
13
• Patch antennas:
• Can be easily applied to the hull of the drone;
Fig. 11: Receiver antennas.
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Antennas
14
Fig. 13: Comparison between simulated and measured
values for the right hand circularly polarized patch.
Fig. 12: Comparison between simulated and
measured value for the linearly polarized square
patch.
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RF-DC
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• Single shunt rectifier:
• Maximum expected conversion efficiency of 50 %;
• For the low pass filter a 100 pF capacitor was chosen;
• The HUBSAN X4 drone requires 6,6 W and was considered as
a variable resistor;
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RF-DC
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Fig. 14: Single shunt rectifier circuit layout.
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RF-DC
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Fig. 16: Simulated versus measured POE of the Momentum
simulated RF-DC Converter.
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Summary
• A 16 element array was developed for the transmitter;
• 2 diferently polarized patches were printed for the receiver;
• A shunt rectifier was designed for RF-DC conversion;
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Experiments With The Drone
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Experiments With The Drone
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Conclusion
• A wireless power system was proposed to tackle the reduced autonomy of
drone;
• Several elements of this system were designed, implemented and tested;
• All the shown components present potential in being further implemented in
fully or temporarily charging an unmanned aerial vehicle;
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the financial support of COST
IC1301.
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References
• Brooke Boen. After the Challenge: LaserMotive. http://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/stp/centennial challenges/after challenge/lasermotive.html,
November 2012.
• B. Griffin and C. Detweiler. Resonant wireless power transfer to ground sensors from a UAV. Proceedings of IEEE International
Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2012.
• Nikola Tesla. The transmission of electric energy without wires. The thirteenth Anniversary Number of the Electrical World and Engineer,
1904.
• Hugo Gernsback. U.S. Blows Up Tesla Radio Tower. The Electrical Experimenter, page 293, September 1917.
• William C. Brown. The microwave powered helicopter. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 1(1):1–20, 1966.
• Wireless Power Consortium. http://www.wirelesspowerconsortium.com/about/.
• Naoki Shinohara. Rectennas for microwave power transmission. IEICE Electronics Express, 10(21):1–13, November 2013.
• Christopher R. Valenta and Gregory D. Durgin. Harvesting wireless power. IEEE Microwave Magazine, 15(4):108–120, June 2014.
• R. Ludwig and P. Bretchko. RF Circuit Design: Theory and Applications. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle-River, N.J., 2000.
• Adel S. Sedra and Kenneth C. Smith. Microelectronic circuits. Oxford University Press, 2011.
• James O. McSpadden, Lu Fan, and Kai Chang. Design and experiments of a high-conversion-efficiency 5.8-ghz rectenna. IEEE
Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 46(12):2053–2060, December 1998.
• Tae-Whan Yoo and Kai Chang. Theoretical and experimental development of 10 and 35 GHz rectennas. IEEE Transactions on Microwave
and Techniques, 40(6):1259 – 1266, June 1992.
• Constantine A. Balanis. Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.
• W. Tu, S. Hsu, and K. Chang. Compact 5.8-ghz rectenna using stepped impedance dipole antenna. IEEE Ante, 6:282–284, June 2007.
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Thank you for you
attention!Are there any questions?
2404-12-2014