welcome

Wireless Power Transmissionusing

solar space satellite

Wireless Power Transmissionusing

solar space satellite

ABHISHEK V.R

S7cs

Roll no:2

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

2. Wireless Power Transmission. 2. Wireless Power Transmission.

3. Solar power satellite3. Solar power satellite

5. Challenges

4.Current development 4.Current development

6. Pros & cons6. Pros & cons

7. conclusion

1. Introduction 1. Introduction

When asked shortly after WWII:

“Prof Einstein, what do you see as the greatest threat to

mankind?

His prompt reply:

“Exponential growth&

POLLUTION”

introduction

Major problem facing Planet Earth is an

adequate supply of clean energy. three simultaneous challenges

population growth

resource consumption

environmental degradation.

extensive use of "new renewable" by 2050

Global Power Consumption Global Power Consumption

Remote Sensing of Current Global Power Consumption:A Composite Satellite Photograph of the Earth at Night

• 2. Wireless Power Transmission. • 2. Wireless Power Transmission.

Wireless transmission of power is similar in concept to information transmission by communications satellites, but at a higher intensity.

History Nikola TeslaHistory Nikola Tesla

• Nikola Tesla• His objective was to

develop the technology for transmitting electricty to anywer in the world without wires

1940’s to Present1940’s to Present• World War II developed ability to convert

energy to microwaves using a magnetron, no method for converting microwaves back to electricity

• 1964: William C. Brown demonstrated a rectenna which could convert microwave power to electricity

Contd>>>

1980, 30 kW of microwave power was transmitted to a receiving antenna over one mile 1993, Japan successfully transmitted a 800W microwave beam from a rocket to a free-flying satellite in space.

1998, Microwave to DC conversion efficiency of 82% or higher by the rectenna.

3. Solar power satellite3. Solar power satellite

Geosynchronous

Solar radiation can be more

efficiently collected in space

collected 24 hours per day

SPS is most like Hydroelectric

• High Capital Costs• Long Payback• No Fossil Fuel Feed• Renewable

History

• 1968’s idea for Solar Power Satellites proposed by Peter Glaser

• Idea gained momentum during the Oil Crises of 1970’s, but after prices stabilized idea was dropped

• 1973, Japan staned to implement the Sunshine Plan

WORKING

Capture solar energy in space using SPS

Solar power from the satellite is sent to Earth using 1) Microwave

2) laser

Received at a “rectenna” located on Earth

This is the AC power

supply

AC Power Outlet

Power Conversion

This converts the AC power to

a microwave power signal

Microwave Transmitter

This transmits

the microwave

power signal

Transmitting Side:

Rectenna Power Conversion

PowerRegulator

Remote Device

This converts the microwave power signal to

DC power signal

This regulates

DC voltage level

Remote Device uses

this DC power the same way

it uses a battery

Receiving Side

Rectenna

“An antenna comprising a mesh of dipoles and diodes for absorbing microwave energy from a transmitter and converting it into electric power.”

• Microwaves are received with about 85% efficiency

• Around 5km across (3.1 miles)• 95% of the beam will fall on the

rectenna

5,000 MW Receiving Station (Rectenna). This station is about a mile

and a half long.

5,000 MW Receiving Station (Rectenna). This station is about a mile

and a half long.

Physical Limitations

• The receiving diameter Dr increases with transmitter receiver separation distance S.

• Dr increases if transmitter diameter Dt decreases

Physical Limitations

Microwave vs. Laser Transmission

• Microwave– More developed– High efficiency up to

85%– Beams is far below

the lethal levels of concentration even for a prolonged exposure

– Cause interference with satellite communication industry

• Laser– Recently developed

solid state lasers allow efficient transfer of power

– Range of 10% to 20% efficiency within a few years

– Conform to limits on eye and skin damage

4. Current development 4. Current development

NASA’s 1995-1997 Fresh Look Study NASA’s 1995-1997 Fresh Look Study

MEO (Mid-Earth Orbit) Sun Tower:

- 6 SPS yields near 24-hr power to sites

- Power services of 200-400 MW

Contd>>>>Contd>>>>

Solar Disc

- 1 SPS provides nearly 24-hr power to markets

- Geostationary Earth Orbit

- Power services of about 5 GW

per SPS

1999-2000 Space Solar Power (SSP) Exploratory Research and Technology

(SERT) program

1999-2000 Space Solar Power (SSP) Exploratory Research and Technology

(SERT) program• Exploration and Commercial Development

SPS 2000SPS 2000• Japan is to build a low cost

demonstration of SPS by 2025.

• Eight countries along the equator agreed to be the rectenna sites.

• 10 MW satellite delivering microwave power in the low orbit 1100 km(683 miles)– Will not be in

geosynchronous orbit, instead low orbit 1100 km (683 miles)

– Much cheaper to put a satellite in low orbit

5. Challenges

High launch costs, which can run roughly between $1,000 to $10,000 per pound,

mismatch between the time horizon for the implementation of SSP and that for the expansion of conventional energy resources

The large scale of Space Solar Power will require international financing

6. Pros & cons6. Pros & cons

• Unlimited energy resource• Energy delivered anywhere in the

world• Zero fuel cost• Zero CO2 emission• Minimum long-range

environmental impact• Solar radiation can be more

efficiently collected in space

Advantages

DisAdvantages

• Launch costs• Would require a network of hundreds of

satellites• The size of the antennas and rectennas • Geosynchronous satellites would take up

large sections of space• Interference with communication satellites

Cont…

• Possible health hazards– Effects of long term exposure– Exposure is equal to the amount that

people receive from cell phones and Microwaves

• Location– The size of construction for the rectennas

is massive and also Implementation Complexity

Early and simple schematic of how a space solar power satellite would beam energy to electrical power grid on Earth. Credit: Space Studies Institute

Early and simple schematic of how a space solar power satellite would beam energy to electrical power grid on Earth. Credit: Space Studies Institute

Initial conceptual looks at a mega-engineering project as shown in this Boeing design. New technologies point to more efficient, less expensive space solar power systems.

Credit: Boeing/Space Studies Institute

Initial conceptual looks at a mega-engineering project as shown in this Boeing design. New technologies point to more efficient, less expensive space solar power systems.

Credit: Boeing/Space Studies Institute

Vision on Future DevelopmentVision on Future Development

Ability to transmit power

from a

geostationary satellite to a

specific reception site

Ability to transmit power

from a

geostationary satellite to a

specific reception site

Ability to transmit

power from a

local power plant to local

households

Ability to transmit

power from a

local power plant to local

households

Ability to transmit power

within a laboratory

Ability to transmit power

within a laboratory

LocalLocal RegionalRegional Orbital Orbital

6. Conclusion6. Conclusion

Conclusion

• This idea worth to invest in since this technology brings in virtually unlimited power from the sun.

• This also benefits the intercontinental power providers.

• Absolutely environmentally friendly since it is emission-free

ReferenceReference1) “A Few Things you occasionally wanted to know about wireless power

transmission.” Potter, Seth. http://www.spacefuture.com/archive/a_few_things_you_occasionally_wanted_to_know_about_wireless_power_transmission.shtml

2) “Solar Power Satellites and Microwave Power Transmission” http://www.kentlaw.edu/classes/fbosselm/Spring2004/PowerPoints/Wireless%20Power%20Transmission%20-%20Soubel.ppt

3) www.on-orbit-servicing.com/pdf/OOS2004_presentations_pdf/OOSIssuesOvervie

w_Oda.pdf

4) www.kentlaw.edu/classes/fbosselm/Spring2004/ PowerPoints/Wireless%20Power%20Transmission%20-%20Soubel.ppt

5) www.spacefuture.com/.../a_fresh_look_at_space_ solar_power_new_architectures_concepts_and_technologies.shtml

6) Lin, James C., “Space solar power stations, wireless power transmissions, and biological implications”, IEEE microwave magazine, March, 2002

questions