wireless sensor network health diagnostic
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Sensor Network Health Diagnostic. David Rogers, Stu Andrzejewski , Kelly Desmond, Brad Garrod. Sensors outnumber people. But how do we know they are working correctly?. Receiving correct data Communicating across network nodes accurately Proper operation. EKG graphs. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Wireless Sensor Network Health
DiagnosticDavid Rogers, Stu Andrzejewski,
Kelly Desmond, Brad Garrod
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Sensors outnumber people
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Receiving correct data Communicating across network nodes
accurately Proper operation
But how do we know they are working correctly?
EKG graphs
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How can a sensor fail?
Malicious Nodes
Environmental FactorsInsufficient Node Power
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Can destroy…◦ Health/Lives
Air Pollution◦ Equipment
Automobile◦ Environment
Forest Fire
Implications of Sensor Failure
Overall failing sensors can lead to millions of dollars in damage!
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1. Configure a sensor network2. Collect metrics about the network3. Create human/network interface 4. Analyze correlations between metrics and
node failure5. Validate metrics and test for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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1. Configure a sensor networkA. Define network topologyB. Identify vital components of sensor
hardwareC. Select sensor network hardware
2. Collect metrics about the network3. Create human/network interface 4. Analyze correlations between metrics and
node failure5. Validate metrics for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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Mesh Topology
◦ Nodes communicate directly to other nodes without the need of a cluster head
1A. Network topology Star Topology
◦ Cluster head controls data communication between nodes
• Advantages• Better
performance• Benefits from
centralization• Isolation of
nodes• Simple
• Disadvantages
• Centralization dependency
• Expensive• Central hub
failure = network failure
• Advantages• Self- healing• Less traffic
load• Isolation of
node faults
• Disadvantages• Complexity• Installation• Price
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What kinds of information from the sensor would be useful to understand how well they are functioning?
1B. Criteria for sensor nodes
◦ Battery life◦ Current draw◦ RF transmission power◦ Received signal strength◦ Processor load◦ Memory utilization
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1C. Proposed Sensor Network Kits Powercast P2110-
EVAL
Features◦ Low-power◦ Battery-free (RF Power)◦ Pre-loaded, custom firmware◦ Temperature, Humidity, and Light
Sensors ◦ External Sensor Port◦ RSSI Calculation◦ USB interface for power and data
SunSPOT
Features◦ Embedded Development Platform ◦ Extremely flexible hardware and software
package◦ Easy to program - Java top to bottom ◦ Connected – Wireless Communication ◦ Mobile & Secure◦ Built in Lithium Ion battery charged
through USB◦ Able to sense and affect surroundings◦ Built-in high grade ECC public key
cryptography
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1. Configure a sensor network2. Collect metrics about the network
A. What to monitor?3. Create human/network interface 4. Analyze correlations between metrics and
node failure5. Validate metrics for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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2A. What to monitor? External
◦ Humidity◦ Temperature◦ Light◦ Sound◦ Motion◦ Pressure◦ Vibration◦ Electrical Fields
Internal◦ Current Draw◦ Battery Life◦ Voltage Reported◦ RF Transmission◦ Received Signal
Strength◦ Channel Availability◦ Processor Load◦ Memory Utilization
(RAM)
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1. Configure a sensor network2. Collect metrics about the network3. Create human/network interface
A. Identify ideal communication protocolB. Create graphical user interface
4. Analyze correlations between metrics and node failure
5. Validate metrics for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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Must be able to communicate with sensors remotely
IEEE 802.15.4◦ Includes ZigBee, Bluetooth, Wifi◦ Uses CSMA/CA for secure communications
Nodes only transmit when the channel is idle◦ Devices also include power management
functions such as link quality and energy detection.
3A. Identify proper communication protocols
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Create user-friendly display◦ Handles all incoming data packets from sensor
nodes behind the scenes The data will be displayed in a way for easy
evaluation of the sensor data stream and network health
◦ Alerts the operator when failures have occurred or are occurring
3B. Create graphical user interface
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1. Configure a sensor network2. Collect metrics about the network3. Create human/network interface 4. Analyze correlations between metrics
and node failure5. Validate metrics for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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Determine the most important metrics that identify node failure
Algorithms for detecting malfunctioning nodes◦ Majority Voting◦ Thresholding◦ Weighted average
Understanding associations between multiple metrics◦ Attempting to measure current draw while the
sensor is transmitting back to the cluster head
4. Analyze correlations between metrics and node failure
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1. Configure a sensor network2. Collect metrics about the network3. Create human/network interface 4. Analyze correlations between metrics and
node failure5. Validate metrics for accuracy
Steps for solving the problem
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Design a test plan to ensure a high quality health diagnostic◦ Series of controlled experiments
Statistically validate chosen algorithms◦ Reduce false positives and false negatives
5. Validate metrics for accuracy
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Monitoring sensor health is vital for proper function of a wireless sensor network
Many external and internal factors attribute to sensor node failure
By designing algorithms and a test plan to systematically validate failures, important metrics relating to the health of a wireless sensor network can be determined
Conclusion