wood a natural choice - how the building material contributes to sustainable design
DESCRIPTION
This presentation contributes to the discourse on sustainability that is driving ongoing improvement in the way buildings are designed and constructed. Specifically, it focuses on the growing trends of wood use as a low environmental-impact building material and the effect green building rating systems have on design choices.TRANSCRIPT
A Natural Choice
How Wood Contributes to Sustainability’s Triple Bottom Line (Part 3 of a 3-part series)
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Overview
Materials Matter (Part 1) Materials in Action (Part 2)
A Natural Choice (Part 3)
Copyright Materials
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© 2013, reThink Wood, www.rethinkwood.com
Describe accepted definitions of sustainability.
Discuss ways in which wood contributes to sustainable design.
Explain the trends behind the increased use of wood as an environmentally sound building material.
Evaluate the impact of building rating systems and codes on environmentally sound design.
Learning Objectives
Table of Contents
Section 1
True Sustainability
Section 2
Wood and the Environment
Section 3
Wood and Social Goals
Section 4
Wood and Economic Considerations
Section 5
Codes & Green Rating Systems
TRUE SUSTAINABILITYSECTION 1
Sustainable Development
“Development that meetsthe needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.”
-- Brundtland Commission, 1987
United Nations
Sustainable Building
Up 50% from 2008-2010, from $42 billion to $71 billion
Accounted for 25% of new construction in 2010
Estimated to reach $135 billion by 2015
Blackfeet Community CollegeMontana
Architect: Gordon WhirryLEED Platinum
Green Outlook 2011: Green Trends Driving GrowthMcGraw-Hill Construction
Photo courtesy of Gordon Whirry
Elements of Sustainable Design
Sitting and structural design
Energy efficiency Materials efficiency Indoor air quality Operations and
maintenance Waste reduction
David & Lucile Packard FoundationCaliforniaArchitect: EHDDLEED Gold and Net Zero Energy
Photo: Jeremy Bitterman, courtesy EHDD
WOOD AND THE ENVIRONMENTSECTION 2
Wood and the Environment
University of Washington West Campus Student Housing – Phase 1WashingtonArchitect: Mahlum
Photo: naturallywood.com; Photo: Benjamin Benschneider
Life Cycle Assessment
Allows comparison of alternate building designs based on their estimated environmental impacts
Promotes informed decision-making
LCA Studies
Wood is better for the environment in terms of air pollution, embodied energy, greenhouse gases and water pollution.
Source: Data compiled by the Canadian Wood
Council using the ATHENA EcoCalculator
with a data set for Toronto, Canada
Comparing Wall Assemblies
Source: CORRIM
Minneapolis House Wood Frame Steel Frame DifferenceSteel vs.
Wood(% change)
Embodied energy (GJ) 250 296 46 18%
Global warming potential (CO2 kg) 13,009 17,262 4,253 33%
Air emission index (index scale) 3,820 4.222 402 11%
Water emission index (index scale) 3 29 26 867%
Solid waste (total kg) 3,496 3,181 -315 -9%
Atlanta House Wood Frame Steel Frame DifferenceSteel vs.
Wood(% change)
Embodied energy (GJ) 168 231 63 38%
Global warming potential (CO2 kg) 8,345 14,982 6,637 80%
Air emission index (index scale) 2,313 3,372 1,060 46%
Water emission index (index scale) 2 2 0 0%
Solid waste (total kg) 2,325 6,152 3,827 164%
The U.S. Forest Service is now: Preferentially selecting
wood in new building construction
Actively looking for ways to demonstrate innovative uses of wood using green building rating systems
Herrington Recovery CenterWisconsinArchitect: TWP Architecture LEED Gold
ShapingGovernment Policy
Photo: Curtis Waltz
Sustainable Forestry Carbon Cycle
Making Informed Material Choices
Replacing steel floor joists with engineered wood joists reduces the carbon footprint of the joists by nearly 10 tons of carbon dioxide for every ton of wood used
Photo: APA
Calculated using the WoodWorks Carbon Calculator, available at woodworks.org
Avalon Anaheim StadiumCaliforniaArchitect: Withee Malcolm Architects
Calculating Carbon Benefits
Photo: © Arden Photography
North American Forests
50 years of forest growth that exceeds harvest
More certified forests than anywhere else in the world
As of August 2013Sources: www.pefc.org, www.fscus.org, www.fsccanada.org, www.fsc.org, www.certificationcanada.org, www.mtc.com.my
Sustainable Forest Certification
Verifies that a forest meets the requirements of the certification standard
Two international umbrella organizations – FSC and PEFC
More than 50 certification standards worldwide
What happens to a material at the end of its useful service life?
End of Life Issues
Photos: Dreamstime stock photos
Reduce, Recycle, Reuse
Photo: naturallywood.com
Once considered waste, sawdust from lumber manufacturing is now used to make composite products or as a renewable energy source.
Increasingly, wood from buildings is being
reclaimed and reused.
Design for Deconstruction
Photos: Dreamstime stock photos
WOOD AND SOCIAL GOALSSECTION 3
Carby Chapel CenterTexasArchitect: Roesler Associates, Inc./Architects
Michael Ortega Architectural Photography
Wood and Social Goals
Michael Smith Laboratory, University of British ColumbiaBritish ColumbiaArchitect: IBI Group/Henriquez Partners Architects
Photo: naturallywood.com
Study: Wood and Health
Study: Wood and Health
Herrington Recovery CenterWisconsinArchitect: TWP Architecture
Photo: Curtis Waltz
Wood in Schools
Rosa Parks Elementary SchoolWashington
Architect: Mahlum Architects
Photo: Benjamin Benschneider
WOOD AND ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONSSECTION 4
Wood Costs Less
Photo: APA
Lower material costs Faster construction Reduced foundation Availability of skilled tradespeople
Photo: VanDorpe Chou Associates
El Dorado High SchoolArkansasArchitect: CADM Architecture
High School Saved $2.7 Million
Photos: W.I. Bell (under construction); Dennis Ivy
U.S. – 900,000American Wood Council
Canada – 600,000Forest Products Association of Canada
Worldwide – 1.6 billionWorld Bank
Photos: naturallywood.com
Direct and Indirect Jobs
CODES AND GREEN RATING SYSTEMSSECTION 5
Codes and Green Rating Systems
California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen) First U.S. code to incorporate life cycle
assessment ASHRAE 189.1
Sets minimum green building requirements
First code-intended standard for high-performance buildings in the U.S.
International Green Construction Code Released in 2012, being adopted on a
voluntary basis
Recognizing Wood’s Value
Carbon benefits of El Dorado High SchoolEstimated using the Carbon Calculator, available at
woodworks.org
Grows naturally, renewable
Low embodied energy Less air/water pollution Light carbon footprint Adaptable / reusable /
recyclable
LEED Green Globes Built Green NAHB Model Green
Home Building Guidelines
Robert Paine Scripps Forum for Science, Society and the EnvironmentCaliforniaArchitect: Safdie Rabines ArchitectsLEED Silver
Photo: Anne Garrison
Green Rating Systemsin North America
Green Rating Systemsin North America
Living Building Challenge
SB Tool
Bullitt CenterWashington
Architect: The Miller Hull PartnershipLiving Building Challenge 2.0
Photo: John Stamets
International Green Rating Systems
Lancaster Institute of Contemporary ArtsUnited KingdomArchitect: Sheppard RobsonBREEAM Outstanding
Photo: Sheppard Robson
Rating Systems and Wood
Wood’s most significant ecological benefits—that
it is the only carbon-neutral construction material
and that it can significantly reduce a building’s
life cycle impacts—are largely unrecognized by
the most commonly used rating systems.
-- Light House Sustainable Building Centre
““
Passive House Standard
Austria HouseBritish ColumbiaArchitect: Treberspurg & Partner Architekten
Photo: Ira Nicolai
Focuses solely on reducing energy consumption
Photo: naturallywood.com
An Inherently Green Building Material
For more information on building with wood, visit rethinkwood.com
THANK YOU!