word formation processes in naming magical creature in harry potter novels

6
Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 1 WORD FORMATION PROCESSES IN NAMING MAGICAL CREATURE IN HARRY POTTER NOVELS Ulfatur Rosyidah English Department, Faculty of Language and Art, State University of Surabaya [email protected] Lisetyo Ariyanti English Department, Faculty of Language and Art, State University of Surabaya [email protected] Abstrak Makhluk ajaib adalah sesuatu yang diyakini untuk menjadi makhluk nyata, tetapi beberapa memiliki bentuk ditelusuri asli mereka dari mitos sastra. Nama dari makhluk ajaib adalah menciptakan kata baru karena nama tersebut diambil dari bahasa lain dan juga menggabungkan beberapa kata yang menghasilkan bentuk kata baru. Pembentukan kata adalah studi linguistik dari pembentukan kata-kata dan kaitannya dengan makna. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori pembentukan kata dari (Katamba, 1995) untuk menganalisa jenis pembentukan kata yang digunakan dalam nama makhluk ajaib dalam novel Harry Potter. Menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis jenis pembentukan kata yang digunakan dalam nama makhluk ajaib dalam novel Harry Potter. Instrumen utama adalah peneliti sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 2 proses pembentukan kata yang digunakan dalam nama makhluk ajaib di novel Harry Potter, yaitu borrowing contoh: Demens (TL) Dementor (SL) compounding contoh: Acromantula (Acro (n) + mantula (n)). Kata kunci: Proses Pembentukan-Kata, Penamaan Makhluk Ajaib. Abstract Magical creature is something that believed to be real beings, but some have their original traced form of literary myths. Name of magical creature is creating a new word because the name is taking from other languages and also combining some words that are produce a new single form. Word formation is the linguistic study of forming words and its relation with the meaning. This research used theory of word formation process from (Katamba, 1995) to analyze word formation process used in naming magical creature in Harry Potter novels. It used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection was conducted by collecting and analyzing the types of word formation process used in naming magical creature in Harry Potter novels. The main instrument was the researcher herself. The result of this research showed that there are two types of word formation process used in naming magical creature in Harry Potter novel, they are borrowing for example: Demens (TL) Dementor (SL) and compounding for example: Acromantula (Acro (n) + mantula (n)).

Upload: alim-sumarno

Post on 18-Aug-2015

20 views

Category:

Documents


6 download

DESCRIPTION

Jurnal Online Universitas Negeri Surabaya, author : ULFATUR ROSYIDAH

TRANSCRIPT

Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 1 WORD FORMATION PROCESSES IN NAMING MAGICAL CREATURE IN HARRY POTTER NOVELS Ulfatur Rosyidah English Department, Faculty of Language and Art, State University of Surabaya [email protected] Lisetyo Ariyanti English Department, Faculty of Language and Art, State University of Surabaya [email protected] Abstrak Makhlukajaibadalahsesuatuyangdiyakiniuntukmenjadimakhluknyata,tetapi beberapamemilikibentukditelusuriaslimerekadarimitossastra.Namadarimakhluk ajaibadalahmenciptakankatabarukarenanamatersebutdiambildaribahasalaindan juga menggabungkan beberapa kata yang menghasilkan bentuk kata baru. Pembentukan kataadalahstudilinguistikdaripembentukankata-katadankaitannyadenganmakna. Penelitianinimenggunakanteoripembentukankatadari(Katamba,1995)untuk menganalisa jenis pembentukan kata yang digunakan dalam nama makhluk ajaib dalam novelHarryPotter.Menggunakanmetodedeskriptifkualitatif.Pengumpulandata dilakukandenganmengumpulkandanmenganalisisjenispembentukankatayang digunakandalamnamamakhlukajaibdalamnovelHarryPotter.Instrumenutama adalah peneliti sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 2 proses pembentukan kata yang digunakan dalam nama makhluk ajaib di novel Harry Potter, yaitu borrowing contoh: Demens (TL) Dementor (SL) compounding contoh: Acromantula (Acro (n) + mantula (n)). Kata kunci: Proses Pembentukan-Kata, Penamaan Makhluk Ajaib. Abstract Magicalcreatureissomethingthatbelievedtoberealbeings,butsomehavetheir original traced form of literary myths. Name of magical creature is creating a new word becausethenameistakingfromotherlanguagesandalsocombiningsomewordsthat are produce a new single form. Word formation is the linguistic study of forming words and its relation with the meaning. This research used theory of word formation process from(Katamba,1995)toanalyzewordformationprocessusedinnamingmagical creatureinHarryPotternovels.Ituseddescriptivequalitativemethod.Thedata collectionwasconductedbycollectingandanalyzingthetypesofwordformation processusedinnamingmagicalcreatureinHarryPotternovels.Themaininstrument was the researcher herself. The result of this research showed that there are two types of word formation process used in naming magical creature in Harry Potter novel, they are borrowing for example: Demens (TL) Dementor (SL) and compounding for example: Acromantula (Acro (n) + mantula (n)). Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 2 Keywords: Word-Formation Process, Naming Magical Creature. INTRODUCTION Word is an important part of the language. Human language in the world isformedbycombiningwords. Languageisanimportantthingina humanlifebecausebyusinglanguage people can becommunicate with others andalsotheycanexpresstheiridea, concept,andfeeling.Thegoalof language usage is to convey information andknowledgethatarewrittenin English. Asmeansofcommunication, languagedoesnotonlyincludespoken ororallanguagebutalsowritten language,sotheinformationand knowledgeare required to be written in English.Manymediaarewrittenin Englishsuchastextbooks,magazines, readingbooks,scientificjournals, business documents, literary works, etc. Tobespokenorwritten,languagehas itsownwaytobeproduced.The process is called word formation. In the dailyuse,languagehaswiderageinits usage.Oneoftheexamplesisinthe literary works. In the literary works, e.g. noveltherearemanynewwords created.Thenewwordsareusually created by using the name of something (name of person or creature). AccordingtoBauer(1983:12-13)wordformationistheformationof thewords.Somewordsarecombining thesmallerelementstoproduceanew wordthathascomplexmeaning.Itis knownascomplexword.Accordingto Katamba(1994:6),givestheexample, thewordchildishmightbeanalyzed asbeingcomposedoftheadjective child (noun) and the ending ish (suffix). Sothewordbecomesanadjective.In thetermofwordformation,the complexwordsdonotneedtobe formedfromrootsandaffixes.Yule (2010:53-60)statedthatthereare severaltypesofwordformationsthey areCoinage,borrowing,compounding, blending,clipping,backformation, acronyms,affixation,onomatopoeia, multiple processes and reduplication. Magicalcreature(mythical creatures) is the legendary creatures that are believed to be real beings, but some havetheiroriginaltracedformof literary myths. Magical creatures can be dividedintotwogroups;first,creatures whoseexistenceareagreedby everybodyandstillexisttodaythatcan befoundintheliteraryworks.Second, creatureswhoseexistenceisnot believedbyeverybody,thatconsistsof moreunreliablesourcessuchasfairy tale.Therearemanykindsofnames created in the name of something (name ofpersonorcreature).Theauthors usuallyusesspecificnameofpersonor thing(creature)tomakeeasierthe readerstounderstandthename.The namesareusuallycreatedtakenfrom anotherlanguageorthesamelanguage thathavebeencombinedintoasingle form.Novelsthataremanynewwords are Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling. Theresearcherisinterestedin doingresearchaboutwordformation Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 3 processesinnamingmagicalcreatures in Harry Potter because in Harry Potter novelstherearemanymagical creatures.Thenameofmagical creatures is produced by combining and creatingnewwords.Toanswerthe researchquestion,thetheoryabout wordformationprocessbyKatamba (1995) is used. METHOD In this study, the researcher used thedescriptivequalitativemethodto analyzethedata.Thus,descriptive methodwasusedinordertodescribe wordformationprocessesinthename ofmagicalcreaturesinHarryPotter novels. This study focused on exploring thespecialword(thenameofcreature) relatedtowordformationprocess,in which create a new word. The data used inthisstudyareinformofword. Meanwhile,thesourceofthedatawas takenfromnamesofmagicalcreatures in Harry Potter novels. Inthisstudy,theresearcherwas themaininstrumenttocollectthedata. Incollectingthedatatheresearcher usedinternetaccessasthemaintool.It istheeffectivemediatofindand observethenameofmagicalcreatures in Harry Potter. Besides, pen and paper were used to note the data that had been found.Thedataanalysistechniquewas doneinthreesteps:1.Identifyingthe data; 2. Analyzing the data; 3. Drawing and verifying conclusion. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Word formation processthat are foundinnamingmagicalcreaturein HarryPotternovelsareborrowingand compounding.Borrowingistheword that taking over from other languages. It maybeadaptedtoborrowlanguages phonologicalsystemtovaryingdegree. Borrowing involves taking lexical items foronelanguagetootherlanguages. Compoundingistheprocessofjoining of two or more words to produce a new word. The result is considered as a new listemeandthemeaningcannotbe predicted from its part. Inborrowingprocessthereis somesourcelanguagethatusedin namingmagicalcreatureinHarry Potternovels.TheyareLatin,Greek Mythology, Ancient Mythology, Roman Mythology,English,Celtic,Scottish, German,Britain&Ireland,Ireland& Scotland, and Folklore. Katamba (1995: 133)statedthatborrowingisdivided intotwo,theyaredirectborrowingand indirectborrowing.Directborrowing happenswhenthewordtakesdirectly fromotherlanguage.Indirect borrowinghappenswhenalanguage takes a word indirectly like take a word fromonelanguagetoanother,andto another.Andothersnameinmagical creaturesaremostlycalleddirect borrowing. Table 1 No.TargetSourceProcess 1.AugureyAuguryInsert the letter e between r and y Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 4 2.DementorDmnsSubstituting the letter s into t and Adding the letter o and r And The sound /z/ substituted to the sound /t/ and added the sound // and /r/ 3.RamoraRemoraThe letter e substituted to the letter a And The sound // substituted to the sound // 4.ShrakeHakeAdding the letter s and r And The sound /h/ substituted to the sound // and adding the sound // and /r/ In the compounding process, the processofcompoundnamesinnaming magical creature in Harry Potter novels iscombiningtwoandthreedifferent basesword.AsKatamba(1995:49) explainedthatcompoundisword formedbycombiningtwobasewords that could be words in their own right in ordertoformanewlexicalitem.The processesofcompoundnamesthatare combiningtwobaseswordareshowed below. Table 2 No Compound Name Process Base 1Base 2 1.Acromantula AcroMantula 2.AshwinderAshWinder 3.CockatriceCockAtrice (crocodile) 4.DugbogDugBog 5.Forest TrollForestTroll 6.Flying Seahorse FlyingSeahorse 7.Giant SquidGiantSquid 8.Glumbumble GlumBumble 9.Golden Snidget GoldenSnidget (Snitch) 10. GraphornGraphHorn 11. Hippocampus HipposCampus (Kampos) 12. HippogriffHipposGriffin 13. House ElfHouseElf 14. JobberknollJobberKnoll 15. LethifoldLethum (letum) Fold 16. MooncalfMoonCalf 17. Mountain Troll Mountain Troll 18. PuffskeinPuffSkein 19. Pygmy PuffPygmyPuff 20. QuintapedQuintPed 21. Red CapRedCap 22. River TrollRiverTroll 23. Sea SerpentSeaSerpent 24. WerewolfWere (Wer) Wolf 25 WingedWingedHorse Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 5 .Horse Thiscompoundingprocess formedbytwobasesword,thereare four types of compoundword. The first isadjective-nouncompoundfoundin nameAcromantula,Glumbumble, GoldenSnidget,RedCap,andWinged horse.Thesecondisnoun-noun compoundfoundinnameAshwinder, Cockatrice,ForestTroll,GiantSquid, Graphorn,Hippocampus,Hippogriff, HouseElf,Jobberknoll,Lethifold, Mooncalf,MountainTroll,Puffskein, PygmyPuff,Quintaped,RiverTroll, Sea Serpent, and Werewolf. The third is verb-nouncompoundfoundinname FlyingSeahorse.Thefourthis preposition-nouncompoundfoundin name Dugbog. Table 3 No Compound Name Process Base 1 Base 2Base 3 1.Blast-Ended Skrewt BlastEndedSkrewt 2.Flesh-Eating Slug Flesh EatingSlug 3.Three-Headed Dog Three Headed Dog Inthecompoundnameformed bythreebasesword,therearethree typesofcompoundword.Thefirstis noun-noun-nouncompoundfoundin nameBlast-EndedSkrewt.Thesecond isnoun-verb-nouncompoundfound in name Flesh-Eating Slug. The third is pronoun-noun-nouncompoundfound innameThree-HeadedDog.Inthe compoundnameformedbythreebases wordalsofoundhypensymbol(-).Itis usedtoseparatethefirstandsecond baseword.AsKatamba(1995:50) stated that did not clearly define in what typeofcompoundworditisused.But hehasmanyexamplesofcompound words with hypen. CONCLUSION Afteranalyzingthedata,the writerconcludesseveralthings.There aretwostrategiesorprocessesofword formationprocessareusedinnaming magicalcreaturesinHarryPotter Novels.Theyareborrowingand compounding.Meanwhile,thereare someelementofwordsarechangedin ordertomakeuniqueandeasy remembered name.Intheborrowingprocess,the writer found 23 data to be analyzed. The formationprocessofborrownamesin namingmagicalcreatureinHarry Potternovelsaremostlyborrowfrom themythologyandfolkloreinother languages.Also,thereare morphological changes that found in the nameofborrowingprocess.Theyare Augurey,Basilisk,Bicorn,Boggart, Centaur,Dwarf,Kelpie,Plimpy, Ramora,Abraxan.Aethonan,Granian, Banshee, Hag, and Poltergeist. It is also called indirect borrowing.In the compounding process, the writer found 28 data to be analyzed. The formationprocessofcompoundnames inthenameofmagicalcreaturesin HarryPotternovelsiscombiningtwo different base words that found in name Acromantula,Ashwinder,Bowtruckle, Chizpurfle,Cockatrice,Dugbog,Forest Troll,FlyingSeahorse,GiantSquid, Word Formation Processes in Naming Magical Creature in Harry Potter Novels 6 Glumbumble,GoldenSnidnet, Graphorn,Hippocampus,Hippogriff, HouseElf,Jobberknoll,Lethifold, Mooncalf,MountainTroll,Puffskein, Pygmy Puff, Quintaped, Red Cap, River Troll,SeaSerpent,Werewolf,and WingedHorse.Also,theformation processofcompoundnamesinthe nameofmagicalcreaturesinHarry Potternovelsiscombiningthree different base words that found in name Blast-EndedSkwert,Flesh-EatingSlug, andThree-HeadedDog.Besides,there areseventypesofcompoundwords found in the name of magical creatures. Thefirstisadjective-nouncompound foundinnameAcromantula, Glumbumble, Golden Snidget, Red Cap, and Winged horse. The second is noun-nouncompoundfoundinname Ashwinder,Cockatrice,ForestTroll, GiantSquid,Graphorn,Hippocampus, Hippogriff,HouseElf,Jobberknoll, Lethifold,Mooncalf,MountainTroll, Puffskein,PygmyPuff,Quintaped, River Troll, Sea Serpent, and Werewolf. Thethirdisverb-nouncompound foundinnameFlyingSeahorse.The fourthispreposition-nouncompound foundinnameDugbog.Thefifthis noun-noun-nouncompoundfoundin nameBlast-EndedSkrwet.Thesixthis noun-verb-nouncompoundfoundin name Flesh-Eating Slug. The seventh is pronoun-noun-nouncompoundfound innameThree-HeadedDog.Thoseare creating in forming a noun. REFERENCES Bauer,Laurie.(1983).EnglishWord Formation.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bogdan,R.C.&Biklen,andSari Knopp.(1982).Qualitative ResearchforEducation:an IntroductiontoTheoryand Methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Carstairs-McCarthy,Andrew.(2002). AnIntroductiontoEnglish Morphology:WordsandTheir Structure.Edinburgh:Edinburgh University Press. Fromkin,V.,R.RodmanandN. Hyams. (2011). An Introduction to Language9thed.Boston: Wadsworth. Katamba,Francis.(1995).English Words. New York: Routledge. Yule,Goerge.(2010).Thestudyof Language(4thed).NewYork: Cambridge University Press.