work tests to evaluate performance. factors that contribute to physical performance
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Work Tests to Evaluate Performance
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Factors That Contribute to Physical Performance
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What the Athlete Gains From Physiological Testing
• Information regarding strengths and weaknesses– Can serve as baseline data to plan training
programs
• Feedback regarding effectiveness of training program
• Understanding about the physiology of exercise
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Effective Physiological Testing
• Relevant to the sport
• Valid and reliable
• Sport-specific
• Repeated at regular intervals
• Carefully controlled procedures
• Interpreted to the coach and athlete
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Testing of Maximal Aerobic Power
• VO2max testing
– Should be specific to athlete’s sport– Should use large muscle groups– Optimal test length: 10-12 minutes
• Criteria of VO2max
– Respiratory exchange ratio 1.15
– HR in last stage 10 beats•min-1 of HRmax
– Plateau in VO2 with increasing work rate
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Determining VO2max
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Testing Peak VO2 in Paraplegic Athletes
• Paraplegic athletes can be tested using arm exercise– Arm ergometers– Wheelchair ergometers
• Highest VO2 measured during arm exercise is not considered VO2max
– Called “peak VO2”
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Laboratory Tests to Predict Endurance Performance
• Lactate threshold– Exercise intensity at which blood lactic acid begins
to systematically increase– Blood samples taken during incremental exercise
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Lactate Threshold
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Ventilatory Threshold
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• Critical power– Speed at which running speed/time curve
reaches plateau
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Critical Power
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• Peak running velocity– Highest speed that can be maintained for >5
seconds
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Predicting Performance From Peak Running Velocity
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Tests to Determine Running Economy
• Measurement of the oxygen cost of running at various speeds– Greater running economy reflected in lower
oxygen cost
• Higher economy means that less energy is expended to maintain a given speed
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Running Economy
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Running Economy and LT Results From Incremental Exercise Test
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Estimating 10,000m Running Time Using LT and Running Economy
• VO2 at LT
– 40 ml•kg-1•min-1
• VO2 of 40 ml•kg-1•min-1
– equals running speed of 205 m•min-1
• Estimated 10,000m running time
10,000m 205 m•min-1 = 48.78 min
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Energy System Contribution to Maximal Exercise
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Determination of Maximal Anaerobic Power
Ultra short-term tests• Tests ATP-PC system• Examples
– Margaria power test• Stair running
– Jumping power tests
– Running power tests• Series of 40-yard dashes
– Cycling power tests
Short-term tests• Tests anaerobic
glycolysis• Examples
– Cycling tests• Wingate test
– Running tests
– Sport-specific tests
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The Margaria Power Test
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Series of 40-yard Dashes to Test Anaerobic Power
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Evaluation of Muscular Strength
• Isometric measurement– Static force of muscle using tensiometer
• Isotonic measurement– Constant tension– 1 RM lift, handgrip/back-lift dynamometer
• Isokinetic measurement– Variable resistance at constant speed
• Variable resistance devices– Variable resistance over range of motion
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Isometric Measurement Using Cable Tensiometer
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Isotonic Measurement Using Dynamometry
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Isokinetic Measurement of Strength Using Cybex Dynamometer
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Printout From Isokinetic Dynamometer