workbook i2

8/7/2019 WORKBOOK I2

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2010

INSTITUTOTECNOLÓGICO DE SANLUIS POTOSÍ

[TOEIC ENGLISH PROGRAM,

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

MODULE 2] INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH 2



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Dear student:

Welcome to Intermediate level 2.

In this level you will continue learning and practicing English grammar.

You should read more articles in English, study hard and do your homework every day. Speak

English at all times in the classroom. Do this when you talk to your classmates or teacher. You can

ask your teacher to write more vocabulary or expressions that are helpful for you to use in class.

Learning English is a slow process, so dont get demotivated if you dont understand something in

class or if you dont know how to express something in English. You can ask your teacher or one of

your classmates to explain the information to you or to help you express your ideas. Participate as

much as you can in class. This is important for your learning process and it will also help your self-

esteem.

Remember that you need to get at least an 80 on your final written exam to pass to the

Intermediate level 3. When you finish the Intermediate level 4, youll need to give a final oral

presentation in order to evaluate your oral progress using different structures you learned

throughout these eight levels.

Finally, arrive to your class on time and pay attention to your teacher. Be responsible with your

homework. Its important for you to know that your presences, participation and homework are

taken into account when your teachers give you a final grade.

This course you are taking is a big effort your school is making to help you graduate with more

tools and better chances to get a very good job.

Enjoy your classes and learn a lot!



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

UNITI.- USED TO/ WOULDII.- BE ABLE TO/COULDIII.- PRESENT PERFECT/ PRESENT PERFECTPROGRESSIVEIV.- CONDITIONALS IIIV.- QUANTITY EXPRESSIONSVI.- INTEGRATION



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UNIT 1

USED TO/ WOULD

Did you use to watch cartoons when you were a child? Yes, I used to watch cartoons.

What cartoons did you use to watch? I used to watch Dragon Ball Z.

We use USE TO /USED TO to express general information and routines in the past.

We always use auxiliary DID because we are referring to the past.

We use USE TO in negative and interrogative because we use aux. DID.

We use USED TO in affirmative with all subjects.We always use the principal verb in simple form.We NEVER use USE TO in present. Ex. I use to study every day now. In that case, youshould say: I usually study every day.

A. REMEMBER YOUR CHILDHOOD (THE TIME WHEN YOU WERE A CHILD) AND WRITE SOME

INFORMATION ABOUT YOURSELF IN THE PAST. YOU CAN TALK ABOUT YOUR

DESCRIPTION, YOUR PERSONALITY, YOUR HOBBIES, ETC. THEN, CONTRAST YOUR PAST

ROUTINES AND GENERAL INFORMATION TO YOUR CURRENT INFORMATION. FOLLOW THE

EXAMPLE:

Ex. When I was a child, I used to watch TV a lot. I used to get home from school and immediately

started to watch TV. My mom used to scold me because I used to watch more TV than I used tostudy or read. I didnt use to watch girl cartoons, likeCandy or Heidi. I used to love boy

cartoons, like The Zodiac Knights or Mazzinger Z. I used to eat a lot of fruit. My favorite fruit

used to be mango. Now, things are different in my life because Im older now. I dont usually

watch cartoons, I prefer to watch TV series likeLaw and Order or any CSI. I especially like CSI

Miami because I really like the places they show there. I still like to eat mangoes. I love them!

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________



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________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

B. READ THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AND ANSWER THEM. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Did you use to play with your neighbors when you were little?

Yes, I used to play with them when I was little.

1. Did you use to be shy when you were 15?

_____________________________________________________________________________

2.

Did you use to study very much for your exams in secondary school?_____________________________________________________________________________

3. What did your mother use to cook for you after school?

_____________________________________________________________________________

4. What TV programs did you use to watch when you were 17?

_____________________________________________________________________________

5. Did you use to have a girl/boyfriend when you were in elementary school?

_____________________________________________________________________________

6. Where did you use to go with your friends after school?

_____________________________________________________________________________

7. Did you use to go dancing every weekend when you were 18?

_____________________________________________________________________________

8. What sport did you use to practice in elementary school?

_____________________________________________________________________________

9. Did you use to like all your subjects at school?

_____________________________________________________________________________

10. Where did you use to study elementary school?

_____________________________________________________________________________



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I used to live in a beautiful neighborhood. I would play with my neighbors every day afterschool.

We use "used to" to express both general information and routines in the past.We use "would" to express HABITS in the past.The difference between a habit and general information is that habits are activities that aperson does regularly. Theyre logical with a time expression. General information isillogical with a time expression: I have a car on weekends.

After "used to and would" we use the VSF.We use "used to" in all forms. We usually use "would" in affirmative or negativesentences.

We never use "used to and would" in present.

C. READ THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES AND SEE IF YOU CAN DISTINGUISH THE DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN GENERAL INFORMATION AND ROUTINES. IF THE SENTENCE REFERS TO AROUTINE, THEN REWRITE THE SENTENCE USINGWOULD. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. I used to read a lot when I was 15. YOU WRITE:Habit; I would read a lot when I was 15.

My mom used to have an old car. YOU WRITE:General information.

1. My father used to eat breakfast. _________________________________________

2. Her son used to work at Valeo. _________________________________________

3. My dog used to sleep for hours. _________________________________________

4. My teacher used to be very dynamic. _________________________________________

5. Her friend used to go dancing every weekend. ___________________________________

6. I used to have a laptop. _________________________________________

7. My friend used to be happy. _________________________________________

8. His job used to be interesting. _________________________________________

9.

Our boss used to write reports. _________________________________________

10. I used to live in a small town. _________________________________________



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D. READ THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPH AND ANSWER THE COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS.WHEN YOU ANSWER THEM, USE WOULD FOR HABITS OR ROUTINES AND USED TO FOR FACTS OR GENERAL INFORMATION. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

My cousin Eliza is very intelligent. She´s a doctor now and I remember we used to fight a lotwhen we were little because we were both the youngest daughters in each family, so ourparents spoiled us a lot. I remember I didnt use to like to go to family get-togethers because Iknew Eliza would be there. Even though I didnt like her much, I really used to admire herbecause she was real good at mathematics and remembering things. She knew all the capitalsof the world and she could solve math problems in no time. Her father used to take her to aspecial school where she learned and practiced math. I think thats why she was so good at it.He would also tell her to solve an addition and she would answer it very fast and without usinga calculator or pencil and paper. Now, things are different between us because we are verygood friends now. When we remember the days when we used to fight a lot, we laugh and saythose days were nice.

Ex. Did the writer use to like her cousin? YOU WRITE:No, she didn t use to like her. Or No, she

didn t.

1. Did she like to go to family get-togethers?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. What profession is her cousin?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Why did she use to admire her?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Was her cousin good at Chemistry?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. What did she use to do at the special school?

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Did she use to use pencil and paper to solve an addition?

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Did she use to think about the solution or answer the question fast?

__________________________________________________________________________



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8. Whats the relationship between them now?

__________________________________________________________________________

E. READ THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AND MATCH THEM TO THEIR CORRESPONDINGANSWERS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

1. Whose keys are they?

2. Whos she?

3. What does she do from Monday to

Friday?

4. Where did you go last night?

5. When will you rent a movie?

6. How are you going to get to the

beach?

7. What time is it?

8. What nationality are you?

9. Whose car is it?

10. Where is she from?

11. What did you use to like to do?

12. How often do you eat fish?

13. Why did they break up?

14. Whats your name?

15. How old are you?

(14) Silvia

( ) Theyre my friends.

( ) Maybe tonight.

( ) Italy.

( ) 22.

( ) Noon.

( ) Shes Rosy.

( ) Its mine.

( ) She studies medicine.

( ) By car.

( ) Three times a week.

( ) To the theater.

( ) Ride a bike.

( ) Because she moved to Florida.

( ) Argentinean.



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F. LETS REMEMBER VOCABULARY YOU LEARNED IN THE PAST. LOOK AT THE PICTURE ANDWRITE THE NAME OF THE TOOL USINGThis is a/an or These are. Follow theexample:

This is a level.

1. _________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________



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6. _________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________

9.

_________________________________________________________

10. _________________________________________________________

11. _________________________________________________________

12. _________________________________________________________



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UNIT 2

WAS/WERE ABLE TO

Can you calculate taxes? No, I can't calculate taxes.

What can you do? I can solve algebra problems.

CAN is a modal auxiliary. Modal auxiliaries express an idea.We use CAN to express ability, opportunity or permission inpresent.We use CAN with all the subjects.When we use CAN, we always use the VSF.

A. READ THE FOLLOWING WORDS. PUT THEM IN ORDER AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. mom truck can your a drive? Can your mom drive a truck? No, she can t drive a truck.

1. friends your can fast sister swim?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. can 10 of drink you where bottles beer?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. you English learn can easily?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. understand can the you class?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. father a gun can solder your use?

__________________________________________________________________________

6. use you linesman can pliers?

__________________________________________________________________________

7. get Sundays you at up on can 5 am?

__________________________________________________________________________



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8. teacher can speak your Italian?

__________________________________________________________________________

9. can you German read?

__________________________________________________________________________

10. dance can where salsa you music?

__________________________________________________________________________

I was able to read English, but I couldn't express my ideas in English.

We use "was/were able to" + VSF to express abilities or opportunities in the past.

After "was/were able to" we always use the VSF.

We can use "couldn't" for negative answers.

We can use "could" to only express abilities in the past.

After "could/couldn't" we use the VSF.

B. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Were you able to write when you were 5?

Yes, I was able to write when I was 5. Or No, I couldn t write when I was 5.

1. Were you able to ride a bike when you were 8?

_________________________________________________________________________

2. Was your mother able to cook when she got married?

_________________________________________________________________________

3.

Was your teacher able to speak English 10 years ago?

_________________________________________________________________________

4. What were you able to do when you were 16?

_________________________________________________________________________

5. What were your friends able to do last vacation?

_________________________________________________________________________



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6. Were you able to go to the beach last month?

_________________________________________________________________________

7. When was your best friend able to buy a car?

_________________________________________________________________________

8. How old were you when you were able to go out alone?

_________________________________________________________________________

9. Were your parents able to buy a house 10 years ago?

_________________________________________________________________________

10. Were you able to go dancing last weekend?

__________________________________________________________________________

C. WRITE A SMALL PARAGRAPH ABOUT YOUR ABILITIES IN THE PAST. TRY TO INTEGRATEWAS ABLE TO AND COULDNT. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

When I was 5, I was able to read but I couldnt write very well. When I was 7, I was able to readfluently and I was able to write very well too. When I was 10, I was able to ride a bike but Icouldnt roller skate. When I was 12, I was able to understand English but I couldnt speak English

well. When I was 16, I was able to speak English fluently and I was also able to understand aconversation in that language. When I was 18, I was able to teach adults and people my age but Icouldnt interpret statistics results. I was able to drive a car but I couldnt ride a motorcycle. Ilearned to do many things when I was 19 or 20.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________



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Were you able to speak English last year? No, I couldn't speak English last year.

What were you able to do? I was able to understand English.

In interrogative, we use "was/were" + subject + able to + VSF. In the answers, we invert thesubject and "was/were".

In negative, we can use "wasn't/weren't able to" or "couldn't" + VSF.

We use "was" with third person and I.

We use "were" for we, you and they.

D. READ THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS AND WRITE THE CORRESPONDING QUESTIONS. FOLLOWTHE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Were you able to sing opera when you were 13? No, I couldnt sing opera when I was 13.

1. __________________________________________________________________________

I was able to ride a bike when I was 8.

2. __________________________________________________________________________

No, my mom couldnt dance when she was a child.

3.

__________________________________________________________________________

Yes, we were able to go on vacation last year.

4. __________________________________________________________________________

They were able to solve difficult math calculations when they were in 5th semester.

5. __________________________________________________________________________

No, I couldnt drink tequila last night.

6. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, my friend was able to drive when he was 15.

7. __________________________________________________________________________

No, she couldnt come to class yesterday.

8. __________________________________________________________________________

My parents were able to buy a house 20 years ago.



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9. __________________________________________________________________________

She was able to use a computer when she was 12.

10. __________________________________________________________________________

No, we couldnt watch the movie yesterday.

E. READ THE FOLLOWING DIALOG AND COMPLETE THE MISSING INFORMATION. FOLLOWTHE EXAMPLE:

Interviewer: Good afternoon Ms. López, can I ask (ask/permission) you some questions?

Ms. López: Sure! What __________ you _____________ (want) to know?

Interviewer: First, what _____________ you? (be)

Ms. López: Im a secretary.

Interviewer: __________________ are you? (age)

Ms. López: Im 26.

Interviewer: Where ___________ you __________________? (study)

Ms. López: I studied at ITSLP.

Interviewer: You just graduated, _______________________? (tag question)

Ms. López: Yes, _______________________. (short answer)

Interviewer: Where ____________ you _______________ ? (work)

Ms. López: Ive worked at an automotive company and at a recycling company.

Interviewer: Very good. Now, tell me: _______________ you _________________ to ___________under pressure there? (work)

Ms. López: Of course, I was able to work under pressure very well. I was able to manage stressvery well too.

Interviewer: Well, thank you very much for your time. Well get in touch with you in a few days.



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UNIT 3

PRESENT PERFECT/ PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

I've studied Industrial Engineering for 3 years.

She's worked at Tekmol since she graduated.

This is Present Perfect tense. We use it to express an action that began in the past and continuesin the present.

We use auxiliaries "have" and "has" + VPP.

I/you/we/they + have + VPP and she/he/it + has + VPP.

We use "for" to express a period of time, and "since" to express the origin of the action.

Since and for are time expressions we use in Present Perfect.

We can use contractions: I've, you've, we've, they've, he's, she's, it's.Be careful not to confuse the contracted form of "be" and "has".

He's Mexican/an engineer/22, etc. Is the contracted form of He is.

He's worked is the contraction of He has

A. READ THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES AND IDENTIFY THE AUXILIARY BEING USED. WRITEHAS OR IS NEXT TO THE SENTENCE. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Shes gone to Cancun on vacation for 5 years. HAS

Its difficult to understand German. IS

1. Roberts Italian. __________________________________

2. My friends done exercise for 2 weeks. _________________________________

3. Her sisters pretty. __________________________________

4. His dentists 45. __________________________________

5. My brothers studied a Masters since 2008. __________________________________

6. The dogs slept all day long! __________________________________

7. Lauras worked here for 2 months. __________________________________

8. Their moms cooked for them all their lives. __________________________________

9. My teachers patient. __________________________________

10. The laptops slow. __________________________________



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B. READ THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS AND DIFFERENT VERB FORMS. AFTERWARDS, WRITETHE VERB IN THE CORRESPONDING FORM TO COMPLETE THE EXAMPLE. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

ARISE: v. (especially of a problem or a difficult situation) to happen: to start to exist. Synonym:occur. ARISE/AROSE/ARISEN

· Ex. We ll keep you informed of any changes as they _________________________.

BECOME: v. (linking verb) to start to be something. BECOME/BECAME/BECOME

· Ex. She was _________________ confused.

CATCH: v. to stop and hold a moving object, especially in your hands./ To capture a person or ananimal that tries or would try to escape./ To find or discover a person doing something, especiallysomething wrong. CATCH/CAUGHT/CAUGHT

· Ex. The baseball player _________________ the ball incredibly!

DIG: v. to remove something from the ground with a tool. DIG/DUG/DUG

· Ex. I ll _______________ some potatoes for lunch.

FEED: v. to give food to a person or an animal. FEED/FED/FED

· Ex. Have you ________________ the cat yet?

FORBID: v. to make it difficult or impossible to do something. Synonym: to prohibit.

FORBID/FORBADE/FORBIDDEN

· Ex. My doctor has _________________ me to eat sugar.

GRIND: v. to break or crush something into very small pieces between two hard surfaces or using aspecial machine. / To make something sharp or smooth by rubbing it against a hard surface.GRIND/GROUND/GROUND

· Ex. We use a special stone to __________________ knives.

HIDE: v. to put or keep somebody or something in a place where they/it cannot be seen of found;to keep something secret, especially your feelings. HIDE/HID/HIDDEN

· Ex. My brother _______________ the letter in the drawer.

LEAD: v. to go with or in front of a person or an animal to show the way or to make them go in theright direction. Synonym: to guide. LEAD/LED/LED

· Ex. If you ________________, I ll follow you.

MEAN: v. to have something as a meaning. MEAN/MEANT/MEANT

· Ex. What does this sentence ________________ ?



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NOW, COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW USING THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. When you go on a safari, its very important that someone leads the group to avoid accidents.

1. Ive always liked to play with my nieces. They really like to __________________ from me

so I can look for them. We always have a good time playing together.

2. The situation was so difficult that problems started to ______________________ soon.

3. When I got home last night, my mother________________________________ our dog.

4. Ive had many dogs in my life, and theyve all loved to ___________________ holes in my

moms garden to hide food or other things.

5. My brother has been studying a Masters in Quality for 3 years, and he ________________

a Master next month.

6. I dont understand the teacher. I dont know what she ___________________ by saying

those things.

7. Many years ago, men ________________________ women to work or study out of home.

8. Did you hear the news? The head director _______________________ Mr. Schwartz

stealing money from the company!

9. I cant cut the steak. I need to ____________________ the knife.

C. COMPLETE THE MISSING INFORMATION USING THE VERBS IN PARENTHESIS IN THECORRECT FORM. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

My best friend is (be) Luisa. She __________________ (live) in Mexico City. She _______________

(work) at a transnational company that ________________________ (produce) plastic bottles. She

________________________________ (work) in that company since she ____________________

(graduate) in 2008. She ______________________ (live) in that city for 2 years now because she

__________________________ (find/opport. neg.) a good job here in San Luis Potosí. When she



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________________________ (go) there the first time, she _____________________ (find) a really

nice apartment in a nice neighborhood. Her job ________________ (be) very interesting and

she_________________________ (make) good money now. She also ____________________

(have) a good position in the company and shes only 24! She ______________________ (study) a

Masters in Production next year. She _________________________________ (look) for

information about different universities that offer that Masters in Mexico City for 3 months. She

________________________ (need) to take an entrance exam and she __________________

(have/obligation) two interviews before she starts studying her Masters. She _____________ (be)

very nervous but I _____________________ (think) she _______________________

(pass/opport.) the exam and the interviews.

Have you studied Engineering for 4 semesters? No, I haven't studied it for 4 semesters.

How long have you studied it? I've studied it for 5 semesters.

This is Present Perfect in all its forms, interrogative, affirmative and negative.We use "have" with I, you, we, they and "has" with he, she, it.

We always use the VPP after "have/has".

"How long" asks about the period of time (for) or the begining of the action (since).

D. READ THE SENTENCES BELOW AND WRITE THE CORRESPONDING QUESTION. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. Has your teacher worked at your school for 2 years? No, she hasnt worked here for 2 years.

1. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, Ive studied English for 2 semesters.

2. __________________________________________________________________________

My parents have been married for 30 years.

3. __________________________________________________________________________

My girl/boyfriend and I have gone out for 6 months.



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4. __________________________________________________________________________

No, she hasnt lived in San Luis since she was born.

5. __________________________________________________________________________

Weve liked to eat Mexican food all our lives.

6. __________________________________________________________________________

Ive studied Engineering for 2 years.

7. __________________________________________________________________________

No, she hasnt drunk coffee for a long time.

8. __________________________________________________________________________

My parents have lived in Mexico since they got married.

9. __________________________________________________________________________

Ive gotten ready for this exam for 1 year.

10. __________________________________________________________________________

No, they havent done their homework all week.

Has your mother ever baked a cake? Yes, she's baked a cake a few times.

Have you ever broken a bone? No, I've never broken a bone.

How many times have you seen that movie? I've seen it 4 times.

We use Present Perfect to establish a connection between the past and the present, but we alsouse it to talk about an action that happened at an indefinite time in the past. That means that wedon't know when the action occurred.Using this new concept, we use different time expressions, such as: recently, lately, so far, up tonow, ever (in interrogative), already (affirmative), yet (negative).

We can use "how many times" to ask about a number of times a person has done an action.



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E. READ THE FOLLOWING CONVERSATION AND PUT IT IN ORDER WRITING THE LETTER THATCORRESPONDS ON THE LINE. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

A) Good morning, my name is Mrs.Peterson. Ill be your new History teacherthis term.B) C) Nice to meet you too. Now, Illintroduce myself a bit more. You can askquestions about me.D) E) Im 42.F) G) Yes, I am. I have 3 children.H) I) Ive been married for 20 years.J) K) Ive done this job for almost 20 years.L) M) Of course I do. I love my profession.N) O) I studied it at the University of Puebla.P) Q) Ive taught it since 2000.R) S) Yes, I have. This will be my 8th school.T) U) Im from Yucatán.V) W) Okay class, thats all for now. Letsstart our class. X) Y) Thank you very much.

_______ How long have you taught History?

_______ How long have you been married?

_______ Alright Mrs. Peterson. Welcome toour school!

_______ Do you like to teach?

_______ How old are you?

_______ Where are you from?

_______ Are you married?

_______ Youve worked in many schools,havent you?

___B___ Nice to meet you, Mrs. Peterson.

_______ Where did you study History?

_______ How long have you been a teacher?

F. READ THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AND ANSWER THEM. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Have you ever bought expensive shoes?No, I´ve never bought expensive shoes. OR Yes, I ve

bought expensive shoes once.

1. Have you ever traveled to another country?

________________________________________________________________________

2. How many times have you swum in the Caribbean?

________________________________________________________________________



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3. Has your mother ever flown to another place?

________________________________________________________________________

4. Have you ever danced Quebradita?

_________________________________________________________________________

5. Has your boy/girlfriend ever cooked for you?

_________________________________________________________________________

6. Has he/she ever written a love letter to you?

_________________________________________________________________________

7. Have you ever driven a sports car?

_________________________________________________________________________

8. Have you ever drunk driven?

_________________________________________________________________________

9. Have your parents ever given you an expensive gift?

_________________________________________________________________________

10. How many times have they told you they love you?

_________________________________________________________________________



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UNIT 4

CONDITIONALS III

I wish I were tall.

She wishes her father didn't work so much.

We wish we understood English more.

I wish I could travel around the world.

WISH: to want something to happen or to be true even though it is unlikely or impossible.

When we use "wish", we always use two subjects, which don't have to refer to the same person.

After the second subject, we use the verb in the subjunctive mood. That means, we use the verbin simple past.

If we use the subjunctive in negative, we use didn't + VSF

We can also use could + VSF or couldn't + VSF to talk about abilities or opportunities we wish wehad.

A. READ THE FOLLOWING SITUATIONS AND WRITE SENTENCES USING WISHES. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. My sister is very a nervous person. She wishes she weren t a nervous person.

1. Im sick. ___________________________________________________________________

2. My friend cant drive. ________________________________________________________

3. My friends boyfriend is aggressive._____________________________________________

4. I dont have time to see my friends. ____________________________________________

5. My mom is allergic to many things. _____________________________________________

6. My English teacher speaks too fast. ____________________________________________

7. My parents dont let me go to parties. __________________________________________

8. I want to go to the congress in Cancun. _________________________________________

9. I need money to buy glasses. __________________________________________________

10. My friends heavy.___ _______________________________________________________



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B. NOW, WRITE SENTENCES ABOUT THINGS YOU WISH. THEY CAN BE THINGS YOU WISHABOUT OTHER PEOPLE, THINGS OR YOUR OWN LIFE. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Im 18 years old and my parents say Im too young to go on a trip with my friends. I wish I wereolder. I wish my parents let me go on a trip with my friends. My teachers say I need to pay moreattention in class and that I shouldnt get distracted with my friends to learn more and get bettergrades. I wish I could pay more attention in class. I wish I didnt get distracted with my friends andI also wish my grades were better. My brother doesnt work or study. I wish he did somethingduring the day. I wish a company called him to offer him a job. He needs to help my parents payexpenses at home.

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

If I went on vacation, I would swim and get a nice suntan.

If they didn't work, they could travel around the world.

If she had a boyfriend, she might go out every night.

This is conditions III. We use this type of conditionals to express a situation that is not real or truein the present.We have two clauses: condition and result. In the condition, we use the subjunctive (verb insimple past).In the result, we can ONLY use would, could or might + VSF.We can use the contracted form of would: Id, youd, hed, shed, itd, wed, theyd. There are nocontracted forms for might and could.It's not necessary to always begin the sentence with the condition. We can also begin with theresult and the meaning of the sentence is the same.



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C. READ THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS AND ANSWER THEM. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. What would you do if you didnt pass this course? I would study more to pass the make up

exam if I didn t pass this course.

1. What would you do if your parents told you theyll have another baby?

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Would you be happy if you had a pet?

_______________________________________________________________________

3. What could you buy if you won the lottery?

_______________________________________________________________________

4. Would you go out with a girl you dont know if your best friend asked you?

_______________________________________________________________________

5. What would you do if a girl/boy kissed you in the street?

_______________________________________________________________________

6. Would you be embarrassed if you fell down in front of the person you like?

_______________________________________________________________________

7. What would you do if you saw your boy/girlfriend hugging another person?

_______________________________________________________________________

8. Would you feel excited if someone told you you passed all your subjects?

_______________________________________________________________________

9. Where would you go if you had a lot of money?

_______________________________________________________________________

10. Where would your parents take you if you graduated next week?

_______________________________________________________________________



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D. WRITE SOME INFORMATION ABOUT THINGS YOU WISH HAPPENED AND WHAT YOUWOULD, COULD OF MIGHT DO IF THEY CAME TRUE. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. I wish I were thin. If I were thin Id look very nice. I wouldnt have to do a lot of exercise if Iwere thin. I wish I could travel around the world. If I traveled around the world, I could knowmany different cultures and people. I could see many beautiful and interesting places and Icould also see amazing mountains, oceans, lakes, cities, ruins, monuments, etc. I wish myphysical condition were better. If it were better, I might climb Mt. Everest. If I climbed it, Iwould become part of a small group of women who have climbed it successfully. If I climbed it,I would take many pictures from the top of the world. I wish many things happened in my life.

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

E. READ THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AND ANSWER THE COMPREHENSION QUESTIONSBELOW. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

My name is Rebecca Farnsworth. I come from a very big family. The person I admired the most ismy grandfather on my mothers side. He used to be a fisherman, but he wasnt a typicalfisherman. He used to fish crab in the North Sea.

As you know, the North Sea is a very dangerous sea which is located in the north of England. Hesalways told me very interesting stories about his trips. Once, he told me he was thrown in thewater during a terrible storm, and if it hadnt been for one of his coworkers, he wouldve gottenlost in the water and died. He also told me that another time, they fished a giant squid! He saidthat when they opened the fishing net, this enormous creature fell in front of them and started tomove its tentacles vigorously. He said they had a very difficult time to put it back in the water andfortunately nobody was injured during the event.

He used to make a lot of money out of his job because its very dangerous and there are almost nopeople interested in working on a ship in the North Sea. He said that many of his coworkers died



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during storms, or illnesses, or accidents on the ship. He lost many good friends, but luckily, nothingvery serious happened to him.

Now, my grandpa is very sick because hes an old man. He developed lung cancer due to heavysmoking. He used to smoke very much when he was a fisherman because nicotine used to helphim relax. Unfortunately, he got cancer from doing that for so long. Hes been hospitalized for 2weeks now and the doctor told us his chances of surviving are very few. I wish he were healthyand I also wish we could talk like we used to do when he was younger. If we talked as much as heused to, he would relive his memories and he would feel very happy. Hes tired now, and hedoesnt want to talk much. I wish medicine could help my grandpa go back to his normal life.

Ex. Whos writing this information? Rebecca Farnsworth is writing the information.

1. Whos she talking about?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. What profession was her grandfather?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Where did he use to work?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Did he have any interesting stories to tell her?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Has his life ever been in danger?

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Was he a poor fisherman?

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Is her grandpa dead now?

__________________________________________________________________________

8. What does she wish?

__________________________________________________________________________

9. How long has he been in the hospital?

__________________________________________________________________________



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10. What would happen if he could talk more to his granddaughter?

__________________________________________________________________________

11. Does she wish medicine could help her grandpa?

__________________________________________________________________________

What would you do if you lost your wallet? I'd cry if I lost it.

Where could you go if you won the lottery? I could go to Asia if I won it.

This is the interrogative form of Conditions III.

In interrogative, we usually start the question using the result clause.We can only use "would/could" in interrogative.

In the answer, we can use "would/could/might".

We always use the verb in SF after these auxiliaries.

We always use the subjunctive in the condition.

F. READ THE QUESTIONS AND WRITE THE CORRESPONDING QUESTION. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. What would your parents do if they found out you didn t pass all your subjects?

They might get angry if they found out I didnt pass all my subjects.

1. __________________________________________________________________________

No, I wouldnt escape if I were accused of a crime.

2. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, she could travel a lot if she won the lottery.

3. __________________________________________________________________________

Id go to Italy and France if I had a lot of money and free time.

4. __________________________________________________________________________

Hed be excited if he knew his wife were pregnant.

5. __________________________________________________________________________

No, we wouldnt pass the course if we didnt come to class.



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6. __________________________________________________________________________

They might rent a house on the beach if they didnt have to work this weekend.

7. __________________________________________________________________________

No, she wouldnt break up with her boyfriend if she saw him talking to another girl.

8. __________________________________________________________________________

Hed study very hard if he didnt understand something in class.

9. __________________________________________________________________________

No, I wouldnt lie if I crashed my fathers car.

10. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, Id be really happy if I got a 100 on my final grade.



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UNIT 5

QUANTITY EXPRESSIONS

Are there any people at school? Yes, there are many people.

Is there any juice in the bottle? Yes, there's a lot of juice.

We use quantity expressions to express quantities.

There are two kinds of nouns: mass and count.

Count nouns are those which we can count. Ex. People, chairs, telephones, books, etc.

We can use count nouns in singular and plural. Ex. "a book, books."

Mass nouns are those we can't count. Ex. Love, water, vodka, milk, fruit.

We can't pluralize mass nouns, so we only use them in singular. Ex. "milk". Milks

It's important not to translate because many nouns are count in Spanish, but not inEnglish.We use some, any and a lot of for both types of nouns.We can only use many and a few for count nouns.We can only use a little and much (negative) for mass nouns.

A. LETS SEE IF YOU CAN DISTINGUISH MASS AND COUNT NOUNS. READ THE NOUN ANDWRITE A C IF ITS A COUNT NOUN OR AN M IF ITS A MASS NOUN. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. passion _____M____1. Book _________

2. Computer ________

3. Child _________

4. Rice _________

5. Bean _________

6. Shoe _________

7. Banana _________

8. Fruit _________

9. Backpack _________

10. Milk _________

11. Beer _________

12. Glass _________

13. Carrot _________

14. Person _________

15. Door _________

16. Love _________

B. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Are there any dogs in your house? No, there aren t any dogs in my house.



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1. Is there any beer in your refrigerator?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Are there any engineers in your family?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Is there any money in your wallet?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Is there any soda in your refrigerator?

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Are there any pants in your closet?

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Are there any watches in your bedroom?

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Is there any coffee in your kitchen?

__________________________________________________________________________

8. Is there any deodorant in your bathroom?

__________________________________________________________________________

9. Are there any children in your house?

__________________________________________________________________________

10. Is there any wine in your house?

__________________________________________________________________________

C. READ THE FOLLOWING NOUNS AND WRITE A LITTLE IF THE NOUN IS MASS. WRITE AFEW IF ITS COUNT. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Kisses ____a few ____

1. Cake ____________

2. Coffee ____________

3. Homework __________

4. Women __________



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5. Computers __________

6. Notebooks __________

7. Words __________

8. Sugar __________

9. Candy __________

10. Furniture __________

How many people are there in your house? There are 5 people.

How much ice cream is there in your fridge? There is a lot of ice cream. Or There are 2 gallons of ice cream.

We use "how many" for count nouns. The questions is always in plural, but the answer can be insingular or plural.We use "how much" for mass nouns. The question is always in singular, but the answer can be in

singular or plural if it mentions a container.We can convert a mass noun into a count noun if we use "bottle of, box of, can of, glass of, etc."

D. READ THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS AND WRITE THE CORRECT QUESTION. FOLLOW THEEXAMPLE:

Ex. How much water is there? There isnt any water.

1. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, there are many flowers in my garden.

2. __________________________________________________________________________

There are 3 bottles of tequila.

3. __________________________________________________________________________

There arent any doctors in my house.

4. __________________________________________________________________________

No, there isnt any juice in the kitchen.

5. __________________________________________________________________________

Theres a bottle of cranberry juice.

6. __________________________________________________________________________

There are 3 cats in my house.



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7. __________________________________________________________________________

No, there arent any Ferraris in my garage.

8. __________________________________________________________________________

Theres a lot of love in my heart.

9. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, there are a few litters of milk.

10. __________________________________________________________________________

Theres a little cake in the refrigerator.

E. READ THE FOLLOWING CONVERSATION AND COMPLETE THE MISSING INFORMATIONUSING DIFFERENT CONCEPTS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

June: Hey, I will go shopping for groceries. Do you need anything mom?

Mom: Im not sure. Let me check Well, yes. I need _______________ meat for tonights party.

Can you buy _______________ vegetables, too? And I think we also need ____________________

beer.

June: Ok, mom. Are you sure thats all you need?

Mom: No, not really. ___________________ ice cream do we have?

June: I dont know. Well, we dont have any ice cream.

Mom: Too bad, because we need ______________________ ice cream. I want to serve _________

ice cream for dessert. How about soda? ______________________ bottles of soda are there?



34

June: There arent many There is ______________ bottle of soda only. Do you want me to buy

___________ bottles more?

Mom: Yes, please. And also buy ____________________ fruit too. I want to make an apple pie to

serve with the ice cream.

June: Wow, mom! That sounds great! Im already hungry

Mom: Well, youll have to wait ________________ time for dinner to be ready.



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UNIT 6

INTEGRATION

A. LETS REVIEW DIFFERENT STRUCTURES. READ THE SENTENCES BELOW AND FIND THEMISTAKE IN EACH LINE. WRITE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE MISTAKE ON THE LINE NEXTTO THE SENTENCE. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Have you never gone to the disco? _________ever _______

1. Whos computer is this? ____________________

2. Those are hers jeans. ____________________

3.

My friends has never traveled to another country. ____________________

4. I wish my mother gets married again someday. ____________________

5. If I had a girlfriend, we will go to the movies every day. ____________________

6. What would your parents do when they won the lottery? ____________________

7. We didnt wrote anything on the exam yesterday. ____________________

8. This arent my combination wrenches. ____________________

9. Ive being working for this company for 3 years. ____________________

10. Does your mother cook very well? Yes, she do. ____________________

B. WRITE THE QUESTIONS TO THE FOLLOWING ANSWERS. FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE:

Ex. Is there any coffee? No, there isnt any coffee.

1. _________________________________________________________________________

Theres a lot of traffic today.

2. __________________________________________________________________________

Yes, they like to play basketball on weekends.

3. __________________________________________________________________________

No, we didnt read that book last semester.



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4. __________________________________________________________________________

Ive read The Count of Montecristo many times.

5. __________________________________________________________________________

No, she hasnt done her homework yet.

6. __________________________________________________________________________

Its my fathers dog.

7. _________________________________________________________________________

No, I couldnt ride a bike when I was 5.

8. _________________________________________________________________________

Id be very happy if I found a job soon.

9. _________________________________________________________________________

No, he wouldnt buy an expensive house if he were rich.

10. _________________________________________________________________________

Yes, there are a lot of people in the classroom.

workbook i2

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