workshop „graphene 2020“ brussels, 22. september …...dfg priority program „graphene“,...

DFG Priority Program „Graphene“, Michael Moessle, Heinrich KurzBrussels, 22. September 2009

DFG Priority Programme „Graphene“Workshop „Graphene 2020“

Brussels, 22. September 2011


► DFG Priority Programmes

► Priority Programme “Graphene”● Main Goals and Overview of Activities

● Some Statistics

● Latest Results (H. Kurz)

Outline


► Germany’s central, self-governing research funding organisation

► Provides funding for:

● individual projects

● research infrastructure

● scientific contacts

● coordinated research projects, for example:

● Collaborative Research Centers (SFBs)

● Priority Programmes

The German Research Foundation (DFG)What does the DFG fund?


DFG Priority ProgrammesMain Facts

Fraction of total DFG budget:8,0% (2009),

~180 Mio.€ p.a. for 95 programmes

Purpose►To advance knowledge in an emerging research field

►to form an interdisciplinary network of research groups at several locations across Germany

Funding►2.0 - 3.0 Mio.€ per year for each programme

►30 - 35 individual projects

►Duration: 6 years

Review Procedure► Based on preproposals submitted by a group of scientists

► ~ 15 out of 60 programmes selected every year across all disciplines

► Then open call for proposals and review of all proposals in a colloquium


► Nanowires and Nanotubes (2004 – 2011); M. Zacharias, Freiburg

► Semiconductor Spintronics ( since 2007); M. Oestreich, Hannover

► Organic Photovoltaics (since 2008); K. Leo, Dresden

► Nanostructured Thermoelectrics (since 2009); K. Nielsch, Hamburg

► Ultrafast Nanooptics ( since 2009); M. Aeschlimann, Kaiserslautern, W. Pfeiffer, Bielefeld

► Iron Pnictide Superconductors (since 2010); B. Büchner, Dresden

► Graphene ( since 2010); Th. Seyller, Erlangen

► Spin-Caloric Transport (since 2011); Ch. Back, Regensburg

DFG Priority ProgrammesSome Examples from Condensed Matter Physics, Materials Science


► Pre-Proposal submitted: 15.11.2008

► Approved by DFG Senate: April 2009

► Call for individual proposals: June 2009

► Deadline for individual proposals: 31.10.2009

► Review session: January 2010

► Start of Programme: Fall 2010

Priority Programme 1459 „Graphene“Organization and Timeline

► Coordinator: T. Seyller, Erlangen

► Co-Coordinators: B. Trauzettel, WürzburgH. Kurz, Aachen

SPP 1459 vision

Graphene science and technology

Productionof graphenesuitable forelectronics

Atomic andelectronic structureVibrationaland mecha-nical pro-perties

Manipulationand control of grapheneproperties Functionali-zation

TransportNovel deviceconcepts

Goal: graphene applications

Theoretical description of graphene

Prof. Dr. Thomas SeyllerLehrstuhl für Technische PhysikErwin-Rommel-Str. 191058 Erlangenwww.tp2.uni-erlangen.de

Objectives (to be addressed by the projects):

Developing basic knowledge for graphenebased electronics

to optimize existing and explore new routes for the synthesis of grapheneto understand and control the electronic, structural, mechanical, and chemical properties of grapheneto understand and control the interaction of graphene with underlying substrates, gate materials, and contactsto understand and control transport properties of grapheneto develop graphene based electronic device concepts and demonstrators

How to achieve goal?

by a “concerted effort involving specialists from different areas:”

Physics (theoretical and experimental)ChemistryMaterials scienceElectrical engineering

by a network of highly interlinked research projectsby regular internal workshops for intensive exchange of results and ideasby organization of conferences for exchange with scientists from outside the SPPby a guest program

Review results

38 projects funded (37 research, 1 coordination)60 PIs involved

79 Proposals submitted

Review results

38 projects (37 research, 1 coordination)Budget: 10.6 Mio. € for the first three yearsBroad range of topics from basic to applied research


Priority Programme 1459 „Graphene“Complete List of Scientific Projects

Name, Place Project Title

Brouwer, Berlin The theoretical investigation of electrical conduction properties of graphene near thepoint of its minimum conductivity

Burghard, Stuttgart Tailoring of graphene's electronic and magnetic properties via edge functionalizationDedkov, Berlin Graphene: electronic structure, transport and functionalization

Efetov, Bochum Photon-assisted quantum coherent phenomena in graphene n-p and n-p-n junctions. Quantum transport in graphene basded arrays of nanocrystals

Egger, Düsseldorf Phonons, pseudo-magnetic fields, and their effects on quantum transport in graphene

Fehske, Greifswald Quantum transport in graphene - influence of disorder, electron-phonon interaction, electronic structure and functionalisation

Ganichev, Regensburg Photon helicity driven electric currents and ratchet effects in graphene

Garrido, Sharp, Munich Graphene solution-gate field effect transistors for biosensor applicationsHaug, Hannover Decoupled Graphene Monolayers: Electrical Transport and Shot NoiseKästner, Braunschweig Single electron pumping in graphene based nanostructuresKläui, Konstanz; Müllen, Mainz

Magnetism and spin-dependent transport in graphene nanostructures

Knoch, Dortmund Experimental and theoretical investigations of mono- and bilayer graphenenanoribbon band-to-band tunneling field-effect transistors


Priority Programme 1459 „Graphene“Funded Projects

Name, Place Project TitleKurz, Neumaier, Aachen Time resolved carrier dynamics in graphene

Lichtenstein, Hamburg Atomistic theory of impurity effects in graphene

Liebmann, Aachen Investigation of the electronic wave functions of graphene quantum dots on siliconoxide by scanning tunneling microscopy

Malic, Berlin; Winnerl, Dresden

Relaxation dynamics in graphene investigated in the mid- and far-infrared spectralrange

Maultzsch, Berlin Vibrational properties of graphene nanostructures: Raman spectroscopy and density-functional theory

Mirlin, Karlsruhe Interaction effects in grahpene

Müllen, Mainz Chemistry Approach towards Graphene Nanoribbons with Defined Shape and Edge Structures

Müller, Erlangen; Schmeißer, Cottbus

Writing graphene: Ion-beam modification of thin polymer layers

Von Oppen, Berlin Electromechanical properties of suspended graphene

Pankratov, Erlangen Theory of epitaxial graphene

Rader, Berlin Graphene for spintronics: aspects of its spindependent electronic structureReichling, Osnabrück; Schleberger, Duisburg

Graphene on atomically flat insulating substrates

Ruben, Karlsruhe On-Surface Synthesis of Graphene-Superlattices - "Super-Graphene"


Priority Programme 1459 „Graphene“Funded Projects

Name, Place Project TitleSchneider, Erlangen Equilibrium and non-equilibrium atomic scale characterization of metal contacts on

epitaxial grapheneSchreck, Augsburg Epitaxial multilayers as substrates for the large area growth of graphene:

Metal/YSZ/Si(111) and Diamond/Ir/YSZ/Si(111)Seyller, Erlangen Central facility for investigations of growth, structure, and electronic properties of

graphene using low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)

Smet, Stuttgart Selective positioning techniques for advances transport studies on high qualityfreestanding graphene and decoupled bilayer graphene

Stampfer, Aachen Quantum transport in suspended graphene quantum dots

Starke, Stuttgart Epitaxial graphene nanoribbons on SiC

Tegenkamp, Hannover Plasmonic excitations and transport properties of graphene ribbons and dots

Trauzettel, Würzburg Spin Qubits and Spin Decoherence in Graphene Quantum Dots

Turchanin, Bielefeld; Weimann, Braunschweig

A molecular route to funcional graphene nanostructures for electronic applications

Wilde, Grundler, TU Munich

Magnetism of Dirac Fermions and nanostructured graphene

Wintterlin, München A metal route to graphene synthesis for electronic devicesZacharias, Münster Ultrafast carrier dynamics

Carrier Multiplicationin Graphene

Optical excitation and subsequent relaxation of carriers via Coulomb-induced scattering processes.

2 Auger-type relaxation channels:(a) Auger recombination (AR)(b) impact ionization (II).

(a) Temporal evolution of the charge carrier density n for a weak exciting pulse. The figure illustrates the significance of impact ionization leading to carrier multiplication by a factor of 4.3

(b) Rates for impact ionization and Auger recombination as a function of time (without phonons). The figure illustrates the temporally broad asymmetry between these two processes in favor of II.

T. Winzer, A. Knorr, E. Malic, Nano Letters 10, 4839 (2010)

Project: Relaxation dynamics in grapheneinvestigated in the mid- and far-infrared spectral range

PI: E. Malic, A. Knorr (FU Berlin)S. Winnerl, M. Helm (FZ Rossendorf)

Ultrafast carrier dynamics in graphene

Transient absorption in monolayer graphene

NMR Peres et al. EPL 84, 38002 (2008)

-0,2 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

Time delay (ps)

ΔA/A

0 (%)

-0,2 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0

-1

0 18 µJ/cm² 180 µJ/cm² 540 µJ/cm² 8721 µJ/cm²

normalized

Nonequilibrium relaxation dynamicsin monolayer graphene at• Low (18 µJ/cm2, 8.4⋅1011 e-/cm2)• Medium (180/540 µJ/cm2,

0.8/2.5⋅1013 e-/cm2)• High (8721 µJ/cm2, 4.1⋅1014 e-/cm2)

tPuls= 17 fs @ low and med. excitation densitiestPuls= 50 fs @ high excitation density

Project: Graphene investigated by time resolved spectroscopy GraTiS

PI: H. Kurz (RWTH Aachen)D. Neumaier (AMO GmbH)

Dynamic Hall Effect Driven by Circularly Polarized Light in a Graphene Layer

Illuminating an unbiased monolayer sheet of graphene with circularly polarized terahertz radiation at room temperature generates—under oblique incidence—an electric current perpendicular to the plane of incidence, whose sign is reversed by switching the radiation helicity. Alike the classical dc Hall effect, the voltage is caused by crossed E and B fields which are, however rotating with the light’s frequency.

J. Karch, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 227402 (2010)

Project: Photon helicity driven electric currentsand ratchet effects in graphene

PIs: S. Ganichev, J. Eroms (Uni Regensburg)

Quasi-freestanding epitaxialgraphene on SiC(0001)

F. Speck, J. Jobst, F. Fromm, M. Ostler, D. Waldmann, M. Hundhausen, H. B. Weber, Th. Seyller, submitted.

Project: Central facility for investigations of growth, structure, and electronicproperties of graphene using low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)

PIs: T. Seyller (Uni Erlangen)

Monolayer epitaxial graphene with buffer layer and quasi-freestanding graphene on H-terminated SiC(0001).

Monolayer confirmed by Raman.

QFMLG is p-type (p = 5-6 × 1012 cm-2)

Mobility µ is increased

Temperature dependence of µ in QFMLG is strongly reduced comparedto MLG


Thank you for your attention !

Further information:► http://www.graphene.nat.uni-erlangen.de/spp1459.htm►Thomas Seyller, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, www.tp2.uni-erlangen.de► Heinrich Kurz, AMO GmbH, [email protected]► Michael Mößle, DFG head office, Bonn, [email protected], 0228/885-2351

Carrier Multiplicationin Graphene

Optical excitation and subsequent relaxation of carriers via Coulomb-induced scattering processes.

2 Auger-type relaxation channels:(a) Auger recombination (AR)(b) impact ionization (II).

(a) Temporal evolution of the charge carrier density n for a weak exciting pulse. The figure illustrates the significance of impact ionization leading to carrier multiplication by a factor of 4.3

(b) Rates for impact ionization and Auger recombination as a function of time (without phonons). The figure illustrates the temporally broad asymmetry between these two processes in favor of II.

T. Winzer, A. Knorr, E. Malic, Nano Letters 10, 4839 (2010)

Project: Relaxation dynamics in graphene investigated in the mid- and far-infrared spectral range

PI: E. Malic, A. Knorr (FU Berlin)S. Winnerl, M. Helm (FZ Rossendorf)

Dynamic Hall Effect Driven by Circularly Polarized Light in a Graphene Layer

Illuminating an unbiased monolayer sheet of graphene with circularly polarized terahertz radiation at room temperature generates—under oblique incidence—an electric current perpendicular to the plane of incidence, whose sign is reversed by switching the radiation helicity. Alike the classical dc Hall effect, the voltage is caused by crossed E and B fields which are, however rotating with the light’s frequency.

J. Karch, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 227402 (2010)

Project: Photon helicity driven electric currents and ratchet effects in graphene

PIs: S. Ganichev, J. Eroms (Uni Regensburg)

Quasi-freestanding epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001)

F. Speck, J. Jobst, F. Fromm, M. Ostler, D. Waldmann, M. Hundhausen, H. B. Weber, Th. Seyller, submitted.

Project: Central facility for investigations of growth, structure, and electronic properties of graphene using low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM)

PIs: T. Seyller (Uni Erlangen)

Monolayer epitaxial graphene with buffer layer and quasi-freestanding graphene on H-terminated SiC(0001).

Monolayer confirmed by Raman.

QFMLG is p-type (p = 5-6 × 1012 cm-2)

Mobility µ is increased

Temperature dependence of µ in QFMLG is strongly reduced compared to MLG

workshop „graphene 2020“ brussels, 22. september …...dfg priority program „graphene“,...

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