world archery coaching seminar london, gbr 8 - 11 november 2011
TRANSCRIPT
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World Archery Coaching SeminarLondon, GBR
8 - 11 November 2011
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The Biomechanics of Gold Medal Shooting
9 November 2011
Oliver LoganEnglish Institute of SportBiomechanist – ArcheryGBEIS Skill Acquisition Lead
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Note!
There are many different styles and techniques of shooting. What is presented here is only our thoughts on what works well.
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Discussion Areas
The Biomechanics of Archery
Automatic Technique
Skill Acquisition
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Posture
Good posture is extremely important for:
Balance
String Clearance
Effective posterior chain use
Shooting mechanics
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Posture
An ideal posture would see the centre of gravity of the archer centred between the feet
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2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Good Posture Forward Lean Thoracic/Lumbar Extension
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Alignment
Proper alignment is important for a robust consistent competition technique
Allows the forces of the bow to be controlled via bones and joints rather than through the muscles
Creates a more consistent repeatable technique that stands up under pressure
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Alignment –Coronal Plane
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Alignment
2 types of alignment used in world archery
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Alignment
2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Energy Stored in Limbs
Draw Force
Direction of Force Line
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Alignment
This way primarily uses posterior deltoid muscle to draw and upper trapezius to anchor
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Alignment
2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Energy Stored in LimbsDraw Force
Direction of Force Line
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Alignment
This way uses more of the scapular muscles such as all of the Trapezius muscle, rhomboids as well as posterior deltoid
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Alignment - Sagittal
Again very important that the archer stands up straight and does not lean to the side. The archer should be like a crane
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2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Execution
Consistent execution is the result of a good physical setup, draw and alignment
Execution is the difference between the best and all the rest
Some videos of different execution
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2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Execution Errors
As the signal from the brain to relax the fingers is sent some of the upper body musculature also relaxes – causing collapse or softness on the shot
Can result from:
Pain response
Not learning the shot properly
Poor alignment
Lack of strength
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Tracking Execution Errors
Can quantify strength of execution via 2D tracking.
6 marker upper body model
Able to provide joint angles, displancements, velocities and accelerations
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What execution looks like
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2011 World Archery Coaching Seminar
Automatic Technique
In archery when shooting at a target the archer has an external focus on:
Aiming
Wind conditions
Time
The archer is not focusing on his/her technique. Therefore if it is not well learnt or automatic then it is more likely to break down
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Skill Acquisition
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2011 World Archery Coaching SeminarReferences
Axford, A. (1995). Archery Anatomy (1st ed.). London UK: Souvenir Press.
Ertan, h., Kental, B., Tumer, S.T., and Korkusuz, F. (2003). Activation patterns in forearm muscles during archery shooting. Human Movement Science, 22, 37-45
Ertan, H. (2009). Muscular activation patterns of the bow arm in recurve archery. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12, 357-360.
Lin, Jiu-Jenq, Hung, Cheng-Ju, Yang, Ching-Ching, Chen, Hsing-Yu, Chou, Feng-Ching and Lu, Tung-Wu (2010). Activation and tremor of the shoulder muscles to the demands of an archery task. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28: 4, 415-421.
Leroyer, P., Hoecke, V., and Helal, N. (1993). Biomechanical study of the final push-pull in archery. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11, 63-69
Mann, D. L., and Littke, N. (1989). Shoulder injuries in archery. Canadian Journal of Sports Sciences, 14. 85-92.
Nishizono, H., Shibayama, H., Izuta, T., and Saito, K. (1987). Analysis of archery shooting techniques by means of electromyography. International society of biomechanics in sports. Proceedings. Symposium V (pp. 365-371). Athens, Greece.
Park. J., and Larven. J. (2007) Archery Australia Shooting Technique: Biomechanics.
Schmid, M., Schieppati, M., and Pozzo, T. (2006). Effect of fatigue on the precision of a whole-body pointing task. Neuroscience, 139, 909-920.
Logan, O. (2011). A framework for technical modification: an archery case example. The Sport and Exercise Scientist: the official publication of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences. (29).
Masters, R.S.W. and Maxwell, J.P. (2004). 'Implicit motor learning, reinvestment and movement disruption: What you don't know won't hurt you?'. In Williams, A.M. and Hodges, N.J. (eds) Skill Acquisition in Sport: Research, Theory and Practice. Routledge: London
Masters, R.S.W. (2008). 'Skill learning the implicit way - say no more!'. In Farrow, D., Baker, J. and MacMahon C. ‘Developing Sport Expertise: Researchers and Coaches Put Theory Into Practice.’ Routledge: London
Porter, J.M and Magill, R.A. (2010). 'Systematically increasing contextual interference is beneficial for learning sports skills'. Journal of Sports Sciences, (28): 1277-1285.
Schmid, M., Schieppati, M., and Pozzo, T. (2006). Effect of fatigue on the precision of a whole-body pointing task. Neuroscience, 139, 909-920.
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Thank you…
Ready to answer your questions!