world map of plate boundaries · tectonic symbols on a laminated world plate tectonic map....
TRANSCRIPT
World Map of Plate Boundaries“Where’s Waldo”-style geography
Mapping world plates helps students connect topography, earthquakes, volcanoes, and plates.
Supporting ResourcesVideo lectures:
Egg vs Earth www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/video/101Tectonic Plates: www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/video/104Asthenosphere: www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/video/102Boundary types: www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/video/106
Animations: 3 Types of Plate Boundaries
www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/animation/492 History of Plate Tectonics:
www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/animation/564What drives Plate Tectonics:
www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/animation/557
Interactive tectonic map; Dynamic Planet: http://volcano.si.edu/learn_dynamicplanet.cfm
NGSS Science Standards• Earth’s Place in the Universe: HS-ESS1-5
• Earth’s Systems: HS-ESS2-1, MS-ESS2-2, HS-ESS2-2, MS-ESS2-3, HS-ESS2-3
SYMBOLS
White arrows show plate motion direction
Volcanoes (generalized)
Hot spot (arrow = direction of plate motion)
Great earthquakes since 1900;
before 1900
Divergent margin
Convergent margin
Transform fault (arrows show relative motion)
PLATE BOUNDARIESMost of the world’s earthquakes and volcanoes are found at or near the boundary between two tectonic plates. Friction between the plates keeps them from sliding. When the frictional strain is overcome, the ground suddenly snaps along faults and fractures releasing energy as earthquakes. Volcanoes occur at divergent margins (where magma rises and erupts); at convergent margins (where an oceanic plate dives beneath another plate; magma forms in the continental plate above the diving oceanic plate), and less commonly as hot spots (where magma melts through a plate, such as Hawai`i).
Introduction
The plate tectonics mapping activity allows students to easily begin to identify basic tectonic processes on a global scale. As students become aware of plate movements, they begin to identify patterns that set the stage for deeper understanding of a very complex topic. The activity uses a simple “Where’s Waldo” approach to identify tectonic symbols on a laminated World Plate Tectonic map.
Objectives
• Learn where volcanoes and earthquakes occur• Understand geography• Use critical thinking to find plate boundaries• Answer relevant discussion questions on worksheet
Materials
• Discussion Questions —Page 3• Student worksheets—SW-1 thru SW-3 • Marking pens• Maps: The map at left, and in the student
worksheets, is offered in several formats* for classroom use from SERC: https://serc.carleton.edu/ANGLE/educational_materials/activities/204690.html * If you don’t have a large-format printer, the poster is available in tabloid-size pages that can be taped together.
* The maps are also offered without tectonic boundaries to be used to see if students recognize features in the landscape.
Procedure
Print the appropriate maps (see Materials) for use. Note that the maps in this document need to printed on legal-size paper!!
Students work in pairs or small groups of 3 or 4 students using colored markers to circle tectonic features. This hands-on activity captures the interest of all ability levels. The process of exploring the map and drawing with colored markers captures student interest and creates curiosity to discover why particular features are located where they are. As students work through simple questions on the activity sheet, they are then able to start the more challenging process of understanding the patterns and process that make up the fundamental principles of Plate Tectonics. Discussion Questions are provided as a resource for teachers to engage student’s growing understanding. The questions have been used in small groups, whole class discussion, research, as a writing assignment, and for evaluation.
1
Mountains & valleys
Spreading center—Fast Spreading center—SlowDivergent boundaries occur mostly along spreading centers where the magma rises forming new crust. (Ex. East Pacific Rise, Mid Atlantic Ridge.)
Spreading zones (no graphic) on continents create parallel mountains and valleys as the crust pulls apart (ex: Basin & Range, U.S. and the Great Rift Valley, Africa. )
Divergent Boundaries & Spreading Zones
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Oceanic crust
Mantle
Partial meltAsthenosphere
Crust
MantleL ithosphere
Partial melt
Convergent Boundaries
Mo
un
tain
Ran
ge
Old oceanic crust
Cont inental crust
HighPlateau
Continental crust
L i thosphere Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Trench
Oceanic crust
Cont inental c rust
L i thosphere Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Asthenosphere
Isla
nd
arc
Oceanic crust
When two plates move toward each other, crust is destroyed as one plate dives (is subducted) beneath the other. The location where sinking of a plate occurs is called a subduction zone.
Ocean-Ocean—Ocean plate dives
beneath another ocean plate;
volcanic island chain forms above
the zone (ex:. The Marianas)
Ocean-Continent: Ocean plate dives
beneath a continental plate. Volcanic
mountain chain forms inland.
(ex:. Cascade Range, Sumatra, Japan)
Continent-Continent: Two thick
continental plates collide and buckle
into high mountains.
(ex: Himalaya Mountain Range.)
Trench
Cont inental c rust
L i thosphere Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Vo
lca
nic
a
rc
..
..
..
........
..
.. . .
Oceanic crust
Transform BoundariesAs surrounding plates are driven by deep forces to move apart or crunch together, the in-between areas are pushed around on the surface. This forces them to slide past each other horizontally.
Transform faults are where two plates are moving away from a spreading ridge and fracture zones develop (ex: ocean floor)
Asthenosphere
Crust
L i thosphere
Asthenosphere
Crust
Transform fault
L i thosphere
Spreading ridge
Partial melt
Spreading ridge
Strike slip faults result from two plates moving horizontally in opposite directions (ex: San Andreas Fault, California).
2
Name ______________________
PLATE TECTONICS MAPPING ACTIVITY
1. Draw the symbol for each tectonic feature in the chart below
Divergent margins and spreading centers (draw in black) Convergent margins - subduction zone (draw in blue) Transform faults – strike-slip faults (draw in green) Hot Spot (draw in red)
2
3. What is the name of the small crustal plate off the Oregon coast that is subducting
under the North American plate? _______________________________
4. Where are most of the earthquakes and volcanoes located?
Check one: a. crustal plate margins _____ b. interior of a crustal plate _____
Answer the following questions about plate tectonic processes using diagrams from the map:
5. Divergent margins and continental spreading centers:
a. New crust forms at plate margins as ___________ rises creating ridges under
oceans such as the _____________________ and the ____________________.
. Use the correct color of washable marker to locate each tectonic feature on the map. a. Circle the Divergent margins and spreading centers in black. Number found _______ b. Circle the Convergent margins in blue. Number found _______ c. Circle the Transform faults in green. Number found _______ d. Circle the Hot Spots in red. Number found _______
__________________ in the US and the _______________________ in Africa.
SW-1
Name ______________________ 6. Convergent margins – subduction zones: Describe the land form (geomorphology) created at each type of Convergent Boundary
a. Ocean-Ocean _____________________________________________________ b. Ocean-Continent __________________________________________________
c. Continent-Continent ________________________________________________
7. Transform faults – strike slip faults a. Sometimes tectonic plates shift past each other ____________ at their boundary. b. One example of a strike slip fault near San Francisco is the _________________. 8. Earthquakes:
a. Most earthquakes occur near plate _____________. b. _____________ keeps the plate edges from sliding smoothly past each other.
c. The longer the plates remain stuck, the more strain builds and the more violent
the snap and resulting _____________.
9. Volcanoes: a. Magma rises to the surface from inside the earth mainly at __________________ and _______________________.
b. Around the rim of the Pacific Ocean, the 40,000 km long ________ of ________
is especially active.
10. Hot Spots:
a. In a few places _________ melts through a tectonic plate.
b. Each hot spot likely marks the top of a plume of _____________ rock that rises
from deep in the earth.
SW-2
TONGA TRENCH
MA
RIANA
TR
ENCH
KU
RIL
TREN
CH
AL
EU
TI
AN
T
RE
NC
H
PA
CIF
IC P
LA
TE
SO
UT
H
AM
ER
ICA
N
PL
AT
EN
AZ
CA
P
LA
TE
IND
O–
AU
ST
RA
LIA
N
PL
AT
E AN
TA
RC
TI
C
PL
AT
E
CA
RIB
BE
AN
PL
AT
E
CO
CO
S
PL
AT
E
SC
OT
IA
PL
AT
E
PHILIPPINE
PLATE
JU
AN
dE
FU
CA
P
LAT
E
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AR
AB
IAN
PLA
TE
EAST PACIFIC RISE
PA
CI
FI
C
AN
TA
RC
TI
C
RI
DG
E
SO
UT
HE
AS
T
IN
DI
AN
R
ID
GE
J A VA T
RE N
CH
PERU CHILE TRENCH
MID ATLANTIC R
ID
GE
MID
ATLANTIC RID
GE
SO
UT
HW
ES
T
IN
DIA
N
R
IDG
E
AM
ER
ICA
N
AN
TA
RC
TIC
RID
GE
HE
LL
EN
IC
TR
EN
CH
MID
DL E
AM
ERI C
ATR
ENC
H
PU
ER
TO
R
ICO
TR
EN
CH
CENTRAL INDIAN RIDGE
Basi
n &
Ran
ge
East African Rift System
Mo
un
tain
s &
val
leys
Spre
adin
g c
ente
r—Fa
stSp
read
ing
cen
ter—
Slo
wD
iver
gent
bou
ndar
ies
occu
r mos
tly
alon
g sp
read
ing
cent
ers
whe
re th
e m
agm
a ris
es fo
rmin
g ne
w c
rust
. (E
x. E
ast P
acifi
c Ri
se, M
id A
tlant
ic
Ridg
e.)
Spre
adin
g zo
nes
(no
grap
hic)
on
cont
inen
ts c
reat
e pa
ralle
l mou
ntai
ns
and
valle
ys a
s th
e cr
ust p
ulls
apa
rt
( ex:
Bas
in &
Ran
ge,
U.S
. an
d t
he
Gre
at R
ift V
alle
y, A
fric
a. )
Div
erg
ent
Bo
un
dar
ies
& S
pre
adin
g Z
on
es
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Ma
ntl
e
Part
ial m
elt
As
the
no
sp
he
re
Cru
st
Ma
ntl
eL
ith
os
ph
ere
Part
ial m
elt
Co
nve
rgen
t B
ou
nd
arie
sTr
ansf
orm
Bo
un
dar
ies
Mountain
Range
Old
oceanic
cru
st
Co
nti
ne
nta
l c
rust
Hig
hP
late
au
Co
nti
ne
nta
l c
rust
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Trench
Oce
an
ic c
rust
Co
nti
ne
nta
l
cru
st
Lit
ho
sp
he
reL
ith
os
ph
ere
As
the
no
sp
he
re
As
the
no
sp
he
re
Islandcr a
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Wh
en t
wo
pla
tes
mo
ve to
war
d e
ach
oth
er, c
rust
is d
estr
oye
d a
s o
ne
pla
te d
ives
(is
sub
du
cted
) ben
eath
th
e o
ther
. Th
e lo
cati
on
wh
ere
sin
kin
g o
f a p
late
occ
urs
is c
alle
d a
su
bd
uct
ion
zo
ne.
As
surr
ou
nd
ing
pla
tes
are
dri
ven
by
dee
p fo
rces
to
mov
e ap
art
or c
run
ch
tog
eth
er, t
he
in-b
etw
een
ar
eas
are
pu
shed
aro
un
d
on
th
e su
rfac
e. T
his
forc
es
them
to s
lide
pas
t ea
ch
oth
er h
ori
zon
tally
.
Oce
an-O
cean
—O
cean
pla
te d
ives
b
enea
th a
no
ther
oce
an p
late
; vo
lcan
ic is
lan
d c
hai
n f
orm
s ab
ove
th
e zo
ne
(ex:
. Th
e M
aria
nas
)
Tran
sfo
rm fa
ult
s ar
e w
her
e tw
o
pla
tes
are
mo
vin
g a
way
fro
m
a sp
read
ing
rid
ge
and
frac
ture
zo
nes
dev
elo
p (e
x: o
cean
flo
or)
Oce
an-C
on
tin
ent:
Oce
an p
late
div
es
ben
eath
a c
on
tin
enta
l pla
te. V
olc
anic
m
ou
nta
in c
hai
n fo
rms
inla
nd
. (e
x:. C
asca
de
Ran
ge,
Su
mat
ra, J
apan
)
Co
nti
nen
t-C
on
tin
ent:
Tw
o t
hic
k co
nti
nen
tal p
late
s co
llid
e an
d b
uck
le
into
hig
h m
ou
nta
ins.
(e
x: H
imal
aya
Mo
un
tain
Ran
ge.
)
Ast
heno
sphe
re
Cru
st
Lith
osp
here
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Cru
st
Tra
nsf
orm
fa
ult
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Spre
adin
g
r
idge
Part
ial m
elt
Spre
adin
g
r
idge
Stri
ke s
lip fa
ult
s re
sult
fro
m
two
pla
tes
mo
vin
g h
ori
zon
tally
in
op
po
site
dir
ecti
on
s
(ex:
San
An
dre
as F
ault
, Cal
iforn
ia).
Div
erge
nt m
argi
n
Conv
erge
nt m
argi
n
Tran
sfo
rm fa
ult
(arr
ow
s sh
ow
rela
tive
mo
tio
n)
PL
AT
E B
OU
ND
AR
IES
SY
MB
OL
S
Wh
ite
arro
ws
sho
w p
late
mo
tio
n d
irec
tio
n
Volc
ano
es (g
ener
aliz
ed)
Ho
t sp
ot
(arr
ow
sh
ow
s d
irec
tio
n o
f pla
te m
oti
on
)
Gre
at e
arth
qu
akes
sin
ce 1
900;
b
efo
re 1
900
Map o
f M
ajo
r Te
cton
ic P
late
s an
d S
elec
t G
reat
Eart
hqu
akes
an
d V
olc
an
oes
.
Back
grou
nd m
ap c
ourt
esy
of S
cott
Wal
ker (
Dig
ital C
arto
grap
hy S
peci
alis
t, H
arva
rd C
olle
ge L
ibra
ry);
gra
phic
s and
tect
onic
& v
olcc
anic
feat
ures
by
Jend
a Jo
hnso
n (V
olca
no V
ideo
& G
raph
ics)
Trench
Co
nti
ne
nta
l
cru
st
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Volcanic arc
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
. .
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Mo
st o
f th
e w
orl
d’s
eart
hq
uak
es a
nd
vo
lcan
oes
are
fou
nd
at
or n
ear t
he
bo
un
dar
y b
etw
een
tw
o
tect
on
ic p
late
s.
Fri
ctio
n b
etw
een
th
e p
late
s ke
eps
them
fro
m s
lidin
g. W
hen
th
e fr
icti
on
al s
trai
n is
o
verc
om
e, t
he
gro
un
d s
ud
den
ly s
nap
s al
on
g fa
ult
s an
d fr
actu
res
rele
asin
g e
ner
gy
as e
arth
qu
akes
.
Volc
ano
es o
ccu
r at
1) d
iver
gent
mar
gins
(mid
oce
an r
idg
es w
her
e m
agm
a ri
ses
and
eru
pts
); an
d 2
) at
conv
erge
nt m
argi
ns (m
agm
a fo
rms
in t
he
con
tin
enta
l pla
te a
bo
ve t
he
div
ing
oce
anic
pla
te ),
an
d le
ss
com
mo
nly
as
hot s
pots
(w
her
e m
agm
a m
elts
th
rou
gh
a p
late
, su
ch a
s H
awai
`i).
TONGA TRENCH
MA
RIANA
TR
ENCH
KU
RIL
TREN
CH
AL
EU
TI
AN
T
RE
NC
H
PA
CIF
IC P
LA
TE
SO
UT
H
AM
ER
ICA
N
PL
AT
EN
AZ
CA
P
LA
TE
IND
O–
AU
ST
RA
LIA
N
PL
AT
E AN
TA
RC
TI
C
PL
AT
E
CA
RIB
BE
AN
PL
AT
E
CO
CO
S
PL
AT
E
SC
OT
IA
PL
AT
E
PHILIPPINE
PLATE
JU
AN
dE
FU
CA
P
LAT
E
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AR
AB
IAN
PLA
TE
EAST PACIFIC RISE
PA
CI
FI
C
AN
TA
RC
TI
C
RI
DG
E
SO
UT
HE
AS
T
IN
DI
AN
R
ID
GE
J A VA T
RE N
CH
PERU CHILE TRENCH
MID ATLANTIC R
ID
GE
MID
ATLANTIC RID
GE
SO
UT
HW
ES
T
IN
DIA
N
R
IDG
E
AM
ER
ICA
N
AN
TA
RC
TIC
RID
GE
HE
LL
EN
IC
TR
EN
CH
MID
DL E
AM
ERI C
ATR
ENC
H
PU
ER
TO
R
ICO
TR
EN
CH
CENTRAL INDIAN RIDGE
Basi
n &
Ran
ge
East African Rift System
Mo
un
tain
s &
val
leys
Spre
adin
g c
ente
r—Fa
stSp
read
ing
cen
ter—
Slo
wD
iver
gent
bou
ndar
ies
occu
r mos
tly
alon
g sp
read
ing
cent
ers
whe
re th
e m
agm
a ris
es fo
rmin
g ne
w c
rust
. (E
x. E
ast P
acifi
c Ri
se, M
id A
tlant
ic
Ridg
e.)
Spre
adin
g zo
nes
(no
grap
hic)
on
cont
inen
ts c
reat
e pa
ralle
l mou
ntai
ns
and
valle
ys a
s th
e cr
ust p
ulls
apa
rt
(ex:
Bas
in &
Ran
ge,
U.S
. an
d t
he
Gre
at R
ift V
alle
y, A
fric
a. )
Div
erg
ent
Bo
un
dar
ies
& S
pre
adin
g Z
on
es
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Ma
ntl
e
Part
ial m
elt
As
the
no
sp
he
re
Cru
st
Ma
ntl
eL
ith
os
ph
ere
Part
ial m
elt
Co
nve
rgen
t B
ou
nd
arie
sTr
ansf
orm
Bo
un
dar
ies
Mountain
Range
Old
oceanic
cru
st
Co
nti
ne
nta
l c
rust
Hig
hP
late
au
Co
nti
ne
nta
l c
rust
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Trench
Oce
an
ic c
rust
Co
nti
ne
nta
l
cru
st
Lit
ho
sp
he
reL
ith
os
ph
ere
As
the
no
sp
he
re
As
the
no
sp
he
re
Islandcr a
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Wh
en t
wo
pla
tes
mo
ve to
war
d e
ach
oth
er, c
rust
is d
estr
oye
d a
s o
ne
pla
te d
ives
(is
sub
du
cted
) ben
eath
th
e o
ther
. Th
e lo
cati
on
wh
ere
sin
kin
g o
f a p
late
occ
urs
is c
alle
d a
su
bd
uct
ion
zo
ne.
As
surr
ou
nd
ing
pla
tes
are
dri
ven
by
dee
p fo
rces
to
mov
e ap
art
or c
run
ch
tog
eth
er, t
he
in-b
etw
een
ar
eas
are
pu
shed
aro
un
d
on
th
e su
rfac
e. T
his
forc
es
them
to s
lide
pas
t ea
ch
oth
er h
ori
zon
tally
.
Oce
an-O
cean
—O
cean
pla
te d
ives
b
enea
th a
no
ther
oce
an p
late
; vo
lcan
ic is
lan
d c
hai
n f
orm
s ab
ove
th
e zo
ne
(ex:
. Th
e M
aria
nas
)
Tran
sfo
rm fa
ult
s ar
e w
her
e tw
o
pla
tes
are
mo
vin
g a
way
fro
m
a sp
read
ing
rid
ge
and
frac
ture
zo
nes
dev
elo
p (e
x: o
cean
flo
or)
Oce
an-C
on
tin
ent:
Oce
an p
late
div
es
ben
eath
a c
on
tin
enta
l pla
te. V
olc
anic
m
ou
nta
in c
hai
n fo
rms
inla
nd
. (e
x:. C
asca
de
Ran
ge,
Su
mat
ra, J
apan
)
Co
nti
nen
t-C
on
tin
ent:
Tw
o t
hic
k co
nti
nen
tal p
late
s co
llid
e an
d b
uck
le
into
hig
h m
ou
nta
ins.
(e
x: H
imal
aya
Mo
un
tain
Ran
ge.
)
Ast
heno
sphe
re
Cru
st
Lith
osp
here
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Cru
st
Tra
nsf
orm
fa
ult
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Spre
adin
g
r
idge
Part
ial m
elt
Spre
adin
g
r
idge
Stri
ke s
lip fa
ult
s re
sult
fro
m
two
pla
tes
mo
vin
g h
ori
zon
tally
in
op
po
site
dir
ecti
on
s
(ex:
San
An
dre
as F
ault
, Cal
iforn
ia).
Div
erge
nt m
argi
n
Conv
erge
nt m
argi
n
Tran
sfo
rm fa
ult
(arr
ow
s sh
ow
rela
tive
mo
tio
n)
PL
AT
E B
OU
ND
AR
IES
SY
MB
OL
S
Wh
ite
arro
ws
sho
w p
late
mo
tio
n d
irec
tio
n
Volc
ano
es (g
ener
aliz
ed)
Ho
t sp
ot
(arr
ow
sh
ow
s d
irec
tio
n o
f pla
te m
oti
on
)
Gre
at e
arth
qu
akes
sin
ce 1
900;
b
efo
re 1
900
Map o
f M
ajo
r Te
cton
ic P
late
s an
d S
elec
t G
reat
Eart
hqu
akes
an
d V
olc
an
oes
.
Back
grou
nd m
ap c
ourt
esy
of S
cott
Wal
ker (
Dig
ital C
arto
grap
hy S
peci
alis
t, H
arva
rd C
olle
ge L
ibra
ry);
gra
phic
s and
tect
onic
& v
olcc
anic
feat
ures
by
Jend
a Jo
hnso
n (V
olca
no V
ideo
& G
raph
ics)
Trench
Co
nti
ne
nta
l
cru
st
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Lit
ho
sph
ere
Ast
he
no
sph
ere
Volcanic arc
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
. .
Oc
ea
nic
cru
st
Mo
st o
f th
e w
orl
d’s
eart
hq
uak
es a
nd
vo
lcan
oes
are
fou
nd
at
or n
ear t
he
bo
un
dar
y b
etw
een
tw
o
tect
on
ic p
late
s.
Fri
ctio
n b
etw
een
th
e p
late
s ke
eps
them
fro
m s
lidin
g. W
hen
th
e fr
icti
on
al s
trai
n is
o
verc
om
e, t
he
gro
un
d s
ud
den
ly s
nap
s al
on
g fa
ult
s an
d fr
actu
res
rele
asin
g e
ner
gy
as e
arth
qu
akes
.
Volc
ano
es o
ccu
r at
1) d
iver
gent
mar
gins
(mid
oce
an r
idg
es w
her
e m
agm
a ri
ses
and
eru
pts
); an
d 2
) at
conv
erge
nt m
argi
ns (m
agm
a fo
rms
in t
he
con
tin
enta
l pla
te a
bo
ve t
he
div
ing
oce
anic
pla
te ),
an
d le
ss
com
mo
nly
as
hot s
pots
(w
her
e m
agm
a m
elts
th
rou
gh
a p
late
, su
ch a
s H
awai
`i).
SY
MB
OL
S
Wh
ite
arro
ws
sho
w p
late
mo
tio
n d
irec
tio
n
Volc
ano
es (g
ener
aliz
ed)
Ho
t sp
ot
(arr
ow
= d
irec
tio
n o
f pla
te m
oti
on
)
Gre
at e
arth
qu
akes
sin
ce 1
900;
B
efo
re 1
900
Div
erge
nt m
argi
n
Conv
erge
nt m
argi
n
Tra
nsfo
rm fa
ult (
arro
ws
sh
ow re
lativ
e m
otio
n)
PL
AT
E B
OU
ND
AR
IES
Mo
st o
f th
e w
orl
d’s
eart
hq
uak
es a
nd
vo
lcan
oes
are
fo
un
d a
t o
r nea
r th
e b
ou
nd
ary
bet
wee
n t
wo
tect
on
ic
pla
tes.
Fri
ctio
n b
etw
een
th
e p
late
s ke
eps
them
fro
m
slid
ing.
Wh
en t
he
fric
tio
nal
str
ain
is o
verc
om
e, t
he
gro
un
d
sud
den
ly s
nap
s al
on
g fa
ult
s an
d fr
actu
res
rele
asin
g e
ner
gy
as e
arth
qu
akes
. Vo
lcan
oes
occ
ur a
t di
verg
ent m
argi
ns
(wh
ere
mag
ma
rise
s an
d e
rup
ts);
at c
onve
rgen
t mar
gins
(w
her
e an
oce
anic
pla
te d
ives
ben
eath
an
oth
er p
late
; m
agm
a fo
rms
in t
he
con
tin
enta
l pla
te a
bov
e th
e d
ivin
g
oce
anic
pla
te),
and
less
co
mm
on
ly a
s ho
t spo
ts (
wh
ere
mag
ma
mel
ts t
hro
ug
h a
pla
te, s
uch
as
Haw
ai`i)
.
SW-3
PLATE TECTONICS MAPPING ACTIVITY
1. Draw the symbol for each tectonic feature in the chart below
Divergent margins and spreading centers (draw in black)
Convergent margins - subduction zone (draw in blue)
Transform faults – strike-slip faults (draw in green)
Hot Spot (draw in red)
2. Use the correct color of washable marker to locate each tectonic feature on the map. a. Circle the name of the Divergent boundary systems in black. (Ridges and Rises) Number found __7_____
b. Circle the Convergent margins in blue. (students may circle individual trenches) Number found __16 +__ c. Circle the Transform fault symbols (and their faults) in green. Number found __10____
d. Circle the Hot Spots in red. Number found __5____
3. What is the name of the small crustal plate off the Oregon coast that is subducting under the North American plate? __Juan de Fuca_________
4. Where are most of the earthquakes and volcanoes located?
Check one: a. crustal plate margins __X__ b. interior of a crustal plate _____
Answer the following questions about plate tectonicp processes using the diagrams from the map.
5. Divergent margins and continental spreading centers:
a. New crust forms at plate margins as _magma___ rises creating ridges under oceans such as the _Mid-Atlantic Ridge__ and the __East Pacific Rise__.
Teacher Answer Key
AK-1
Teacher Answer Key
b. Continental spreading centers include the _Basin and Range__ in the US and the _East African Rift System in Africa.
6. Convergent margins – subduction zones:
Identify the land form (geomorphology) created at each type of Convergent Boundary and provide an example.
a. Ocean-Ocean _____Volcanic Island Chain (Mariana trench)________
b. Ocean-Continent ___Volcanic Mountain Ranges (Cascade Mountain Range)__
c. Continent-Continent _Folded Mountain Ranges_( Himalaya Mountain Range) __
7. Transform faults – strike slip faults
a. Sometimes tectonic plates shift past each other horizontally in __ opposite_____ directions at their boundary.
b. One example of a strike slip fault near San Francisco is the _San Andreas Fault_.
8. Earthquakes:
a. Most earthquakes occur near plate _boundaries__.
b. __Friction___ keeps the plate edges from sliding smoothly past each other.
c. The longer the plates remain stuck, the more strain builds and the more violent the snap and resulting _ground movement__.
9. Volcanoes:
a. Magma rises to the surface from inside the earth mainly at _spreading centers_. and __hot spots______.
b. Around the rim of the Pacific Ocean, the 40,000 km long _Ring__ of _Fire__ is especially active.
10. Hot Spots:
a. In a few places _magma___ melts through a tectonic plate.
b. Each hot spot likely marks the top of a plume of __molten_____ rock that rises
from deep in the earth.
AK-2
TONGA TRENCH
MA
RIANA
TR
ENCH
KU
RIL
TREN
CH
AL
EU
TI
AN
T
RE
NC
H
PA
CIF
IC P
LA
TE
SO
UT
H
AM
ER
ICA
N
PL
AT
EN
AZ
CA
P
LA
TE
IND
O–
AU
ST
RA
LIA
N
PL
AT
E AN
TA
RC
TI
C
PL
AT
E
CA
RIB
BE
AN
PL
AT
E
CO
CO
S
PL
AT
E
SC
OT
IA
PL
AT
E
PHILIPPINE
PLATE
JU
AN
dE
FU
CA
P
LAT
E
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
EU
RA
SIA
N P
LA
TE
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AF
RIC
AN
PL
AT
E
AR
AB
IAN
PLA
TE
EAST PACIFIC RISE
PA
CI
FI
C
AN
TA
RC
TI
C
RI
DG
E
SO
UT
HE
AS
T
IN
DI
AN
R
ID
GE
J A VA T
RE N
CH
PERU CHILE TRENCH
MID ATLANTIC R
ID
GE
MID
ATLANTIC RID
GE
SO
UT
HW
ES
T
IN
DIA
N
R
IDG
E
AM
ER
ICA
N
AN
TA
RC
TIC
RID
GE
HE
LL
EN
IC
TR
EN
CH
MID
DL E
AM
ERI C
ATR
ENC
H
PU
ER
TO
R
ICO
TR
EN
CH
CENTRAL INDIAN RIDGE
Basi
n &
Ran
ge
East African Rift System
Basi
n &
Ran
ge
East African Rift System
Spre
adin
g rid
ge
Con
verg
ent m
argi
n
Tra
nsfo
rm fa
ults
(m
ajor
seg
men
ts w
ith a
rrow
s)
H
ot s
pot v
olca
noes
(Div
erge
nt m
argi
n)
(S
ubdu
ctio
n or
col
lisio
n zo
nes)
(Str
ike-
slip
zon
es)
NOTE
: The
Bas
in &
Ran
ge a
nd E
ast A
fric
an R
ift S
yste
m a
re s
prea
ding
cen
ters
that
are
not
yet
div
erge
nt m
argi
ns, b
ut a
re n
oted
her
e w
ith d
iver
gent
arr
ows.
This
sim
pli�
ed m
ap g
ener
aliz
es th
e zo
nes
of d
efor
mat
ion
surr
ound
ing
the
di�e
rent
bou
ndar
ies.
Answer sheet for Student Questions
page one.
Teacher Answer Key
AK-3