world ocean nikolai mikheev

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The World Ocean’s security is a guarantee of the sustainable development of the Earth civilization Nikolay Mikheev

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The World Ocean’s security is a guarantee of the sustainable development of the Earth civilization

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The World Ocean’s securityis a guarantee of the sustainable

development of the Earth civilization

Nikolay Mikheev

The global role of the Arctic Region

1)SUSTAINABLY INCREASING ECONOMIC ROLE OF THE ARCTIC AS THE RICHEST SOURCE OF THE RAW MATERIALS

2)THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF THE ARCTIC REGION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTCOMMUNICATIONS

3)THE UNIQUE ROLE OF THE ARCTIC BASIN IN THE FORMATION OF GLOBAL CLIMATIC AND HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE OCEANS AND ON THE PLANET IN GENERAL

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Arctic ice melting

3

Russia

Russia

Russia

Russia

4

Northern Sea Route

5

16 zones 11 zones

15 zones

8 zones

5 zones

0,55/~0,06 PBq

3/~0,4 PBq

42/~5 PBq

16-26/~2-3 PBq

0,5-0,7/~0,05-0,08 PBq

Flooding areas of the radioactive wastes

6

Sunken nuclear submarines

7

8

Solid radioactive waste

Spent nuclear fuel9

Areas of potential offshore gas development

- The location of flooded NS, SRW, SNF

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Chernobyl fallout

2% Gulf Stream from Sellafield

15%

Discharged LRW2%

Defueled reactors and

reactor compartments at the dumping

moment25%Object that

contaned SNF at the dumping

moment36%

SRW sea burial at

the dumping moment

2%

Global fallout

13%

River drainage

5%

Sources of the radioactive contaminationof the Arctic

Real sourcesPotential sources

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RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Nuclear Safety Institute (IBRAE)

About 17800 of SNF and RW flooded by the USSR and the Russian Federation in the Arctic in 1961 - 2014

WHAT LIES AT THE BOTTOM OF THE ARCTIC SEAS:

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RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Nuclear Safety Institute (IBRAE)

TODAY only about 30 of them have the serious hazard to the environment:

• 3 nuclear submarines• 3 objects with SNF• 1 barge with the nuclear

reactor• 3 reactor compartment

without SNF, reactor without SNF, 19

• ships with SRW

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The time of the corrosive destruction of the metal containers and vessels with the solid radioactive wastes

32 3 1 21 1 2 3

1 – minimal destruction period

2 – medium destruction period

3 – maximal destruction period14

tp ≈ 22 ± 7 year

2 31 1 2 3

tp ≈ 110 ± 23 year

Light hull Pressure hull

The time of the corrosive destruction of the nuclear submarines

tp – the period of submarine’s hull destruction

1 – minimal destruction period

2 – medium destruction period

3 – maximal destruction period15

THE STATUS OF THE CONTAINERS WITH SRW

Photo from field researches of RRC KI, SPA "Typhoon" and others)

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Decision making

UTILIZATION CONCERVATION LAISSEZ FAIRE

SALVAGE

TRANSPORTATION

HANDLING OF SF AND RW

CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGY

REALIZATION

SAFETY JUSTIFICATION

MONITORNG

NORMATIVE

SUPPORT

Social,

Economic,

Production,

Political etc.

SITE SELECTION

SAFETY JUSTIFICATION

REALIZATION

FLOODING

CERS ASSESSMENT OF THREATS AND RISKS

CONSIDERATION OF OTHER ASPECTS

RADWASTE RETRIEVAL

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Estimated cost of the recovery and recycling of the objects submerged in the Arctic (million of Euros)

Type of activity

Objects with SNW Objects without SNW

NS RC

NS

ЭС

а/л

Лени

н

The

reactor

of

NS

RC

NS

RC n/i

Lenin

Vessels

with

SRW

SRW

Koms

omol

ets

К-159 К-27

Salvage and

transportation

130 105 18 8 2,6 1 7 4 100 140

Utilization 20 5 5 1 0,5 0,5 1 2 20 20

IN TOTAL: 150 110 23 9 3 1,5 8 6 120 160

IN TOTAL FOR A

GROUP:300+ million €

(objects with SNW)

15+ million €

(RC without

SNW)

280 million €

(SRW)

All program600 M€

(Without the NS "Komsomolets" and TRO - 165 M€)

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The main purpose:

Keep the World Ocean in the safety condition for the future generations

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1) Past eventsCleanup of the hazardous areas from

the radioactive, chemical and other wastes.

2) Preventive activitiesEstablish the online control system

for the World Ocean’s securityin order to prevent the negative impacts on the environment

TASKS

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Thank you for your attention!

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