world spacecraft digest by jos heyman 1982 version: 16 ... · launch date: 5 march 1982 re-entry:...

WORLD SPACECRAFT DIGEST by Jos Heyman 1982 Version: 16 September 2014 © Copyright Jos Heyman

1982 001A (13027) Name: Kosmos-1331 Country: USSR Launch date: 7 January 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 774 x 812 km, inclination: 74.1° Strela 2 military communications satellite as described for 1965 112A.

1982 002A (13031) Name: Kosmos-1332 Country: USSR Launch date: 12 January 1982 Re-entry: 25 January 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 211 x 250 km, inclination: 82.3° Zenit 4MT military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1971 118A.

1982 003A (13033) Name: Kosmos-1333 Country: USSR Launch date: 14 January 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 971 x 1017 km, inclination: 82.9° Parus military navigational satellite as described for 1974 105A.

1982 004A (13035) Name: RCA Satcom-4 Country: USA Launch date: 16 January 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3910

Orbit: geostationary at 83°W Communications satellite as described for 1975 117A.

1982 005A (13036) Name: Kosmos-1334 Country: USSR Launch date: 20 January 1982 Re-entry: 3 February 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 196 x 290 km, inclination: 72.9° Zenit 6 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1976 111A.

1982 006A (13040) Name: KH 8-52 Country: USA Launch date: 21 January 1982 Re-entry: 23 May 1982 Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Titan IIIB

Orbit: 177 x 550 km, inclination: 97.3° Military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1966 069A. Also known as Ops-2849, mission 1217, and mission 4352, four film return capsules were believed to have been released. KH 8-52 was the only ‘dual mode’ satellite of the series that operated in both high and low orbits. After the initial orbit, the satellite was boosted into a 571 x 659 km orbit on 22 January 1982 and had reached 636 x 672 km by 9 March 1982. The first Satellite Recovery Vehicle (SRV) film capsule was ejected on 20 March 1982 but failed to re-enter due to a partial failure and remained in orbit until 28 September 2002 as 1982 006E. From 28 April 1982 a series of eight burns lowered the spacecraft to a 152 x 308 km orbit, reached on 2 May 1982. A second SRV film capsule was ejected shortly before the re-entry of the spacecraft and recovered on 23 May 1982.

1982 007A (13042) Name: Kosmos-1335 Country: USSR Launch date: 29 January 1982 Re-entry: 5 April 1987 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 482 x 518 km, inclination: 74.1° Taifun 2 minor military satellite as described for 1976 037A. The satellite released 24 Romb sub-satellites.

1982 008A (13045) Name: Kosmos-1336 Country: USSR Launch date: 30 January 1982 Re-entry: 26 February 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 170 x 352 km, inclination: 70.3° Yantar 2K military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1978 076A.

1982 009A (13056) Name: Ekran-8 Country: USSR Launch date: 5 February 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM

Orbit: geostationary at 99°E Communications satellite as described for 1976 107A.

1982 010A (13061) Name: Kosmos-1337 Country: USSR Launch date: 11 February 1982 Re-entry: 25 July 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 429 x 447 km, inclination: 65.0° US-P military ocean surveillance satellite fitted with electronic equipment as described for 1974 103A. After one week the satellite malfunctioned and was destroyed by ground control on 25 July 1982.

1982 011A (13063) Name: Kosmos-1338 Country: USSR Launch date: 16 February 1982 Re-entry: 2 March 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 012A (13065) Name: Kosmos-1339 Country: USSR Launch date: 17 February 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 955 x 1018 km, inclination: 82.9° Tsikada civilian navigational satellite as described for 1976 122A.

1982 013A (13067) Name: Kosmos-1340 Country: USSR Launch date: 19 February 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Vostok

Orbit: 626 x 654 km, inclination: 81.2° Tselina D military electronic intelligence gathering satellite as described for 1970 113A.

1982 014A (13069) Name: Westar-4 Country: USA Launch date: 26 February 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3910


1982 015A (13070) Name: Molniya 1-53 Country: USSR Launch date: 26 February 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M

Orbit: 476 x 40743 km, inclination: 62.9° Communications satellite as described for 1965 030A.

1982 016A (13080) Name: Kosmos-1341 Country: USSR Launch date: 3 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M

Orbit: 631 x 39251 km, inclination: 62.9° Oko military early warning satellite as described for 1972 072A.

--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 4 March 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Kapustin Yar Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M Orbit: failed to orbit Taifun 2 minor military satellite as described for 1976 037A which failed to orbit.

1982 017A (13083) Name: Intelsat 5-F4 Int. Agency: Intelsat Launch date: 5 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Atlas Centaur D1AR

Orbit: geostationary at 63°E

Communications satellite as described for 1980 098A. The satellite was later moved to 34.5°W, 41°W and

32°W. In December 1992 the satellite was retired and taken out of geostationary orbit.

1982 018A (13084) Name: Kosmos-1342 Country: USSR Launch date: 5 March 1982 Re-entry: 19 March 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 019A (13086) Name: IMEWS-10 Country: USA Launch date: 6 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Titan IIIC

Orbit: geostationary at 70°W Early warning satellite as described for 1970 093A. Also known as Ops-8701.

1982 020A (13092) Name: Gorizont-5 Country: USSR Launch date: 15 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM


1982 021A (13096) Name: Kosmos-1343 Country: USSR Launch date: 17 March 1982 Re-entry: 31 March 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 022A (13106) Name: STS-3 Country: USA Launch date: 22 March 1982 Re-entry: 30 March 1982 Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS

Orbit: 242 x 254 km, inclination: 38.0°

Landing at White Sands

Crewed spaceflight with astronauts J. Lousma (Cmdr.) and G. Fullerton (Pilot) using the orbiter Columbia as described for 1981 034A. The back-up crew consisted of T. Mattingley and H. Hartsfield. It was also known as OTF-3. Originally the STS-3 flight was intended to rendez-vous with the Skylab space station (1973 027A) and boost it into a higher orbit. Although astronauts F. Haise and J. Lousma had trained for this mission, along with their back-ups V. Brand and G. Fullerton, delays in the Space Shuttle programme prevented this mission from taking place. Instead STS-3 was a development flight to qualify the use of the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) in the simulated deployment of satellites as well as the retrieval. Other experiments carried were: 1. the Office of Space Sciences (OSS)-1 payload placed on a Spacelab pallet (F003) as described for

1983 116A consisting of:

• the Contamination Monitoring Package (CMP) to monitor atomic oxygen flux;

• the Micro-abrasion Foil Experiment (MFE);

• the Plant Growth Unit (PGU), a closed system that provided six Plant Growth Chambers (PGC);

• the Plasma Diagnostic Package (PDP)-1, a 158 kg payload to study the orbiter-magnetosphere interaction within 15 m of the orbiter;

• the Shuttle-Spacelab Induced Atmosphere (SSIA) experiment to provide an assessment of the effect of the orbiter induced atmosphere on astronomical observations;

• the Solar Flare X-Ray Polarimeter (SFXP), to investigate the polarisation of solar X-ray emissions;

• the Plant Lignification Experiment (PLE) to determine the effect of weightlessness on the lignification of plants;

• the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) to measure solar ultraviolet radiation;

• the Thermal Canister Experiment (TCE) to demonstrate the performance of a thermal canister and to maintain the temperature within the canister;

• the Vehicle Charging and Potential Experiment (VCPE) to determine the electric potential changes associated with the orbiter and the impact on experiment observations;

2. the Getaway Special Flight Verification Payload. The Getaway Specials were a series of payloads which were made available at a minimal cost and made use of unused space on board of the orbiter.

The payloads were carried in canisters which came in two sizes: 2½ and 5 cubic feet (or 0.7 and 1.4 m2). They had a diameter of 49.6 cm and a length of either 35.9 cm or 71.6 cm. Over the years, these canisters were also used for non-Getaway payloads, such as a launch platform for small satellites and possibly, classified military payloads of which details have not been disclosed. The canisters were also used in the SEM programme, as described for STS-80 (1996 065A) and the MARS programme, as described for STS-101 (2000 027A);

3. Development Flight Instrumentation (DFI) as described for STS-1 (1981 034A); 4. the Monodisperse Latex Reactor (MLR) experiment to make perfect latex spheres; 5. the Electrophoresis Equipment Verification Test (EEVT) a test of an instrument to separate individual

biological cells and larger molecules in a zero gravity environment by means of electrophorersis; 6. the Heflex Bio-engineering Test (HBT) as described for STS-2 (1981 111A); 7. the Induced Environment Contamination Monitor (IECM) as described for STS-2 (1981 111A); 8. Shuttle Student Involvement Experiment SE81-8 studying insects in flight motion; 9. the Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP)-3 as described for STS-1 (1981 034A); 10. several Flight Test Objective (FTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A), including:

• FTO-312-02: 100-second Continuous Firing Thermal Soakback Test;

• FTO-312-03: Aft Vernier RCS Thruster Pulse-mode Firing Test;

• FTO-312-04: Star Tracker Hot Environment Thermal Response Test;

• FTO-312-05: Topping Duct and Feedwater Line Thermal Response;

• FTO-312-06: Flash Evaporator High Load Duct Thermal Response;

• FTO-344-01: OMS Engine Cold Restart;

• FTO-351-01: Hot Case Arm Evaluation;

• FTO-351-02: Cold Case Evaluation;

• FTO-352-01: Payload Deployment and Berthing Performance;

• FTO-352-02: End Effector Grapple/Rigidization Performance;

• FTO-352-04: RMS Control System Evaluation (Loaded);

• FTO-352-05: RMS/PRCS Interaction Test;

• FTO-355-02: RMS Software Stop Performance (Unloaded);

• FTO-355-04: Unloaded Arm Response to PRCS Activity;

• FTO-356-03: Payload Bay Door Thermal Gradient Performance;

• FTO-363-01: Radiator Thermal Capacity Test - Cold Case;

• FTO-371-01: Minimum Deadband Test;

• FTO-372-01: Vernier Minimum Deadband Test;

• FTO-372-02: Passive Gravity Gradient Test;

• FTO-372-03: Vernier RCS Plume Impingement; 11. several Developmental Test Objective (DTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A),

including:

• DTO-312-04: Monitor Stand Navigation Base Temperature;

• DTO-343: Cryogenic Tank Heat Leak Demonstration;

• DTO-362: Cabin Temperature Measurement;

• DTO-379: ?; 12. several Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A),

including:

• DSO-343: Motion Sickness Prophylaxis;

• DSO-401: Validation of Predictive Tests and Countermeasures for Space Motion Sickness;

• DSO-402: Cardiovascular Deconditioning During Space Flight and the Use of Saline as Countermeasure to Orthostatic Intolerance;

13. the Catalytic Surface Effects (CSE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A); and 14. the Dynamic Acoustic and Thermal Environment (DATE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981

034A). It had been intended to lift the IECM out of the payload bay by means of the RMS but because of the failure of a television camera on the RMS, this task was not performed. The PDP-1 experiment was deployed but not released as a separate satellite.

The Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System (CFES), as described for STS-4 (1982 095A), was dropped from the payload shortly before the launch. It was intended to land the Shuttle at Edwards AFB but the flooding of the runway delayed the landing by one day and diverted it to White Sands where the orbiter landed after a flight of 8 days, 0 hours, 4 minutes.

1982 023A (13107) Name: Molniya 3-18 Country: USSR Launch date: 24 March 1982 Re-entry: 23 June 1992 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 024A (13110) Name: Kosmos-1344 Country: USSR Launch date: 24 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 025A (13113) Name: Meteor 2-8 Country: USSR Launch date: 25 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 3

Orbit: 942 x 964 km, inclination: 82.5° Meteorological satellite as described for 1975 064A.

1982 026A (13118) Name: Kosmos-1345 Country: USSR Launch date: 31 March 1982 Re-entry: 27 September 1989 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 504 x 547 km, inclination: 74.0° Tselina O military electronic intelligence gathering satellite as described for 1967 108A.

1982 027A (13120) Name: Kosmos-1346 Country: USSR Launch date: 31 March 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Vostok


1982 028A (13122) Name: Kosmos-1347 Country: USSR Launch date: 2 April 1982 Re-entry: 22 May 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 173 x 340 km, inclination: 70.4° Yantar 4K2 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1981 080A.

1982 029A (13124) Name: Kosmos-1348 Country: USSR Launch date: 7 April 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 030A (13127) Name: Kosmos-1349 Country: USSR Launch date: 8 April 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 031A (13129) Name: Insat 1-A Country: India Launch date: 10 April 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3910


The Insat 1 series of satellites combined a communications payload with a meteorological payload. The satellites, which had a mass of 550 kg, were built by Ford Aerospace and the payload consisted of: 1. twelve transponders which operated in the C band; 2. two very high resolution radiometers which operated in the visible and infrared bands with resolutions

of 2.75 km and 30 km; and 3. a data collection system. Insat 1-A failed after 147 days because the solar panels and the antennas failed to deploy properly and the attitude control fuel was exhausted.

1982 032A (13134) Name: Kosmos-1350 Country: USSR Launch date: 15 April 1982 Re-entry: 16 May 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 033A (13138) Name: Salyut-7 Country: USSR Launch date: 19 April 1982 Re-entry: 7 February 1991 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K


The Salyut-7 or Dolgovremennaya Orbitalnaya Stantsiya (DOS)-6 space station was most likely built as a back-up to Salyut-6 (1977 097A) and the structural differences between the two space stations are believed to have been minimal. Covers had been made for the portholes so that the windows could be protected over the years that the space station would be used. The solar arrays were modified to allow the installation of additional arrays during EVA's whilst the forward port was strengthened to accommodate the heavier Star modules. Inside the station the additions included a 50 liter refrigerator, facilities to have hot water for 24 hours a day as well as an improved environmental control system. Further facilities included two 400 liter water storage tanks in the unpressurised engine section, the new Delta navigation system and generally improvements and modernisation of the other systems. The various payloads that were originally on board of the space station as well as those which were brought to the space station, included: 1. solar physics and astronomy

• SKR-02m X-ray spectrometer;

• EFO-1 electrophotometer for star studies developed in Czechoslovakia;

• Piramig, a French instrument to study the upper atmosphere;

• PCN, a French instrument to study weak light sources in space;

• RT-4M, a reflecting X-ray telescope;

• Fon, a magnetic discharge convertor to measure the atmosphere around the framework erected during the space construction experiment;

• Siren, a French designed X-ray telescope;

• RS-17 X-ray telescope;

• Astra-1 mass spectrometer to measure gases and particles around the space station;

• Yelena gamma ray telescope;

• Mariya X-ray telescope to study high energy particles;

• Skif spectrometer to photograph layers of the atmosphere;

• Aerosol experiment to study luminescent clouds in the atmosphere;

• MKS-M four channel spectrometer;

• Comet, a French cosmic dust experiment which was attached outside the space station;

• Ryabine, to measure gamma rays and charged particles; 2. biological and medical

• Aelita electrocardiograph;

• Oasis plant growing facility;

• Cystos-2 and -3, to study the effects of weightlessness on bacteria;

• Biobloc, to study the effect of cosmic rays on biological samples;

• Ballisto, to evaluate the force of heart contractions;

• Vektor, an instrument to measure the cardiac cycle;

• Optokinez, an experiment to study the occulomotor function and visual interactions;

• Sport, a physical exercise system;

• Pneumatik, an instrument to study the flow of blood;

• Braslet, another instrument to study the flow of blood;

• Gluykometer, to investigate features of carbohydrate metabolism;

• Signal RD, to study reflex diagnostics;

• Biogravistat, an experiment to study plants in artificial gravity;

• Substrat, to evaluate the effectiveness of cultivation of higher plants in weightlessness;

• Vazon, a greenhouse to grow pepper, onions and lettuce;

• Tavria electrophoresis unit to test the separation of biological substances;

• Genom, an electrophoresis unit to separate a DNA solution into various parts;

• Membrame experiment to measure calcium loss in the bone structure;

• Opros to study psychological conditions;

• Biokhim, which measured blood electrolytes;

• Craznoye, an experiment to measure the blood flow from the eyes;

• Oranzhereya biological experiment;

• Phyton biological experiment;

• Argument, an experiment to make images of the heart; 3. Earth resources

• MKF-6M multi-spectral camera;

• KT-140 mapping camera;

• a synthetic aperture radar for experimental tracking of submarines;

• Bioluminiscence, to track the wake of submarines;

• Laser targeting and tracking with ground based lasers;

• Kometa, to investigate a mathematical model of ocean colours;

• Cupola, to evaluate atmospheric pollution;

• Terra Earth observation experiment; 4. materials processing

• Splav materials processing furnace;

• Kristall, a materials processing furnace;

• Magma-F materials processing facility;

• EFU-Robot, an electrophoresis experiment;

• Svetabloc-T to study synthetic gels for electrophoresis;

• Pion, an instrument to study heat and mass transfer in weightlessness;

• Isparitel experiments for spraying coatings on materials;

• URI device for welding during EVA's;

• Tamping gel experiment;

• Korund materials processing unit;

• Torsion, an experiment to study the influence of space conditions on structural materials;

• Birtuza, to study the growth of crystals;

• Analiz, a device to investigate the growth of crystals;

• Spiral to study the effect of space on cables;

• Istok, to study changes in the characteristics of connectors such as nuts and bolts;

• Resurs, to study the effect of space conditions on metal materials;

• Medusa, the synthesising of nucleic acids;

5. other

• Niva, television recording system; and

• KGA-2 holographic camera system. Salyut-7, with Kosmos-1686 still attached to it, eventually decayed on 7 February 1991 over South America. Deployment dates: 19 April 1982 Salyut-7 launched 14 May 1982 Soyuz T-5 (1982 042A) docked at front port 25 May 1982 Progress-13 (1982 047A) docked at rear port 4 June 1982 Progress-13 undocked 25 June 1982 Soyuz T-6 (1982 063A) docked at rear port 2 July 1982 Soyuz T-6 undocked 12 July 1982 Progress-14 (1982 070A) docked at rear port 10 August 1982 Progress-14 undocked 20 August 1982 Soyuz T-7 (1982 080A) docked at rear port 27 August 1982 Soyuz T-5 undocked 29 August 1982 Soyuz T-7 moved to front port 20 September 1982 Progress-15 (1982 094A) docked at rear port 14 October 1982 Progress-15 undocked 2 November 1982 Progress-16 (1982 107A) docked at rear port 10 December 1982 Soyuz T-7 undocked 13 December 1982 Progress-16 undocked 10 March 1983 Kosmos-1443 (1983 013A) docked at front port 28 June 1983 Soyuz T-9 (1983 062A) docked at rear port 14 August 1983 Kosmos-1443 undocked 16 August 1983 Soyuz T-9 moved to front port 19 August 1983 Progress-17 (1983 085A) docked at rear port 17 September 1983 Progress-17 undocked 22 October 1983 Progress-18 (1983 106A) docked at rear port 13 November 1983 Progress-18 undocked 23 November 1983 Soyuz T-9 undocked 9 February 1984 Soyuz T-10 (1984 014A) docked at front port 23 February 1984 Progress-19 (1984 018A) docked at rear port 31 March 1984 Progress-19 undocked 4 April 1984 Soyuz T-11 (1984 032A) docked at rear port 11 April 1984 Soyuz T-10 undocked 13 April 1984 Soyuz T-11 moved to front port 17 April 1984 Progress-20 (1984 038A) docked at rear port 6 May 1984 Progress-20 undocked 10 May 1984 Progress-21 (1984 042A) docked at rear port 26 May 1984 Progress-21 undocked 30 May 1984 Progress-22 (1984 051A) docked at rear port 15 July 1984 Progress-22 undocked 18 July 1984 Soyuz T-12 (1984 073A) docked at rear port 28 July 1984 Soyuz T-12 undocked 16 August 1984 Progress-23 (1984 086A) docked at rear port 26 August 1984 Progress-23 undocked 1 October 1984 Soyuz T-11 undocked 8 June 1985 Soyuz T-13 (1985 043A) docked at front port 23 June 1985 Progress-24 (1985 051A) docked at rear port 15 July 1985 Progress-24 undocked 21 July 1985 Kosmos-1669 (1985 062A) docked at rear port 29 August 1985 Kosmos-1669 undocked 18 September 1985 Soyuz T-14 (1985 081A) docked at rear port 25 September 1985 Soyuz T-13 undocked 2 October 1985 Kosmos-1686 (1985 086A) docked at front port

21 November 1985 Soyuz T-14 undocked 6 May 1986 Soyuz T-15 (1986 022A) docked rear port 25 June 1986 Soyuz T-15 undocked 7 February 1991 Salyut-7 and Kosmos-1686 re-entered

1982 033C (13176) Name: Iskra-2 Country: USSR Launch date: 17 May 1982 Re-entry: 9 July 1982 Launch site: --- Launch vehicle: ---

Orbit: 335 x 345 km, inclination: 51.6° Iskra-2 was a radio amateur satellite which was ejected by hand from the Salyut-7 (1982 033A) space station. Also known as RK-2, it had a mass of 28 kg and carried a beacon operating at the 29 MHz frequency.

1982 033AD (13663) Name: Iskra-3 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 November 1982 Re-entry: 16 December 1982 Launch site: --- Launch vehicle: ---

Orbit: 345 x 346 km, inclination: 51.6° Iskra-3 was a radio amateur satellite which had been brought up to Salyut-7 (1982 033A) on board of Progress-16 (1982 107A) and was ejected by hand. Also known as RK-3, it had a mass of 28 kg and carried a beacon operating at the 29 MHz frequency

1982 034A (13142) Name: Kosmos-1351 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 April 1982 Re-entry: 14 March 1983 Launch site: Kapustin Yar Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 348 x 546 km, inclination: 50.7° Taifun 2 minor military satellite as described for 1976 037A. The satellite released 24 Romb sub-satellites.

1982 035A (13144) Name: Kosmos-1352 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 April 1982 Re-entry: 5 May 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 036A (13146) Name: Kosmos-1353 Country: USSR Launch date: 23 April 1982 Re-entry: 6 May 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 212 x 242 km, inclination: 82.3° Zenit 4MKT military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1975 090A. A capsule, designated 1982 036C (13159), was ejected and re-entered on 10 May 1982.

1982 037A (13148) Name: Kosmos-1354 Country: USSR Launch date: 28 April 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 038A (13150) Name: Kosmos-1355 Country: USSR Launch date: 29 April 1982 Re-entry: 7 March 1984 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 425 x 443 km, inclination: 65.1° US-P military ocean surveillance satellite fitted with electronic equipment as described for 1974 103A. The satellite was destroyed by ground control on 8 or 10 August 1983.

1982 039A (13153) Name: Kosmos-1356 Country: USSR Launch date: 5 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Vostok


1982 040A (13160) Name: Kosmos-1357 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 1403 x 1480 km, inclination: 74.0° Strela 1M military communications satellite as described for 1970 036A .

1982 040B (13161) Name: Kosmos-1358 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040C (13162) Name: Kosmos-1359 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040D (13163) Name: Kosmos-1360 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040E (13164) Name: Kosmos-1361 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040F (13165) Name: Kosmos-1362 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040G (13166) Name: Kosmos-1363 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 040H (13167) Name: Kosmos-1364 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 041A (13170) Name: KH 9-17 Country: USA Launch date: 11 May 1982 Re-entry: 5 December 1982 Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Titan IIID

Orbit: 177 x 262 km, inclination: 96.4° Military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1971 056A and was also known as Ops-5642 and mission 1218. In addition the satellite carried the Simulated Emission of Energetic Particles (SEEP) or S81-1 payload, which investigated the interaction between particles in the magnetosphere and high power transmissions of VLF radio waves, and to verify a theory that the magnetosphere could act as a natural radio amplifier.

1982 041C (13172) Name: Hitchiker-42 Country: USA Launch date: 11 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Titan IIID

Orbit: 701 x 707 km, inclination: 96.0° Secondary payload as described for 1963 025B. Also known as Ops-6553.

1982 042A (13173) Name: Soyuz T-5 Country: USSR Launch date: 13 May 1982 Re-entry: 27 August 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 269 x 325 km, inclination: 51.6° Crewed spaceflight with cosmonauts A. Berezovoi (Cmdr.) and V. Lebedev (Fl. Eng.) using a Soyuz T spacecraft as described for 1979 103A. Their call sign was Elbrus and their back-up crew consisted of V. Titov and G. Strekalov, with originally V. Dzhanibekov and A. Alexandrov as the second back-up crew, although Dzhanibekov was later replaced by V. Lyakhov. After having been launched, Soyuz T-5 docked with the front port of the Salyut-7 space station (1982 033A) on 14 May 1982 and the two cosmonauts commenced a programme of scientific and technological experiments. On 17 May 1982 they deployed the Iskra-2 amateur radio satellite (1982 033C) through the airlock. On 30 July 1982 the crew performed an EVA of 2 hours, 33 minutes during which they removed test samples from the Medusa experiment. On 27 August 1982 the crew of Soyuz T-7 (1982 080A) moved into Soyuz T-5 and undocked to land on the same day 70 km north east of Arkalyk. After the Soyuz T-7 crew had left, Berezovoi and Lebedev moved the Soyuz T-7 spacecraft to the front port on 29 August 1982. On 11 November 1982 Berezovoi took ill and Lebedev had to inject him with medicines. Consideration was given to terminate the mission but his condition improved. However, by then the Delta navigation system began to fail and programme leaders decided to cancel the remaining mission. Berezovoi and Lebedev undocked Soyuz T-7 on 10 December 1982 and landed the same day 190 km east of Dzhezkazgan. The crew had been space for 211 days, 8 hours, 15 minutes. They had landed in a severe storm and were not able to leave the site until the next day when helicopters could land safely. During their stay in space they conducted 300 experiments, took 2300 Earth resources photos and 1000 photos in the astrophysical experiments. They also had processed many material samples including a 3 x 30 cm cadmium selenide crystal which had a mass of 800 grams.

1982 043A (13175) Name: Kosmos-1365 Country: USSR Launch date: 14 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 252 x 264 km, inclination: 65.0° US-A military ocean surveillance satellite fitted with radar equipment as described for 1967 127A. The satellite

was boosted into an orbit of 885 x 977 km with an inclination of 65.1° on 27 September 1982.

--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 15 May 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U Orbit: failed to orbit Zenit 6 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1976 111A which failed to orbit.

1982 044A (13177) Name: Kosmos-1366 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM


Data relay communication satellite fitted with the Potok system that used the Slav-2 and Sintez C band transponders to provide a data relay facility for satellites. The operational system consisted of three satellites

positioned at 14°W, 80°E and 168°E, although the latter position was never used. The series has also been referred to as Geizer and Sokol. The satellites were built by Lavochkin as 11F663 using a KAUR-4 platform. They had a mass of 2100 kg.

1982 045A (13205) Name: Kosmos-1367 Country: USSR Launch date: 20 May 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 046A (13208) Name: Kosmos-1368 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 May 1982 Re-entry: 3 June 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 047A (13210) Name: Progress-13 Country: USSR Launch date: 23 May 1982 Re-entry: 6 June 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 290 x 347 km, inclination: 51.6° Cargo transfer spacecraft as described for 1978 008A. Progress-13 docked with the rear port of Salyut-7 (1982 033A) on 25 May 1982. The cargo included 900 kg of equipment, including French experiments, the Kristall furnace, the Magna-F materials processing facility, the Oasis plant growing facility and the EFO-1 electro-photometer. Progress-13 undocked on 4 June 1982.

1982 048A (13213) Name: Kosmos-1369 Country: USSR Launch date: 25 May 1982 Re-entry: 8 June 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 269 x 276 km, inclination: 82.3° Resurs F Earth resources satellite as described for 1979 080A.

1982 049A (13219) Name: Kosmos-1370 Country: USSR Launch date: 28 May 1982 Re-entry: 11 July 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 197 x 275 km, inclination: 64.9° Siluet mapping satellite as described for 1981 015A.

1982 050A (13237) Name: Molniya 1-54 Country: USSR Launch date: 28 May 1982 Re-entry: 19 November 1992 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 051A (13241) Name: Kosmos-1371 Country: USSR Launch date: 1 June 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 052A (13243) Name: Kosmos-1372 Country: USSR Launch date: 1 June 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2


was boosted into an orbit of 908 x 981 km with an inclination of 64.9° on 11 August 1982.

1982 053A (13244) Name: Kosmos-1373 Country: USSR Launch date: 2 June 1982 Re-entry: 16 June 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 054A (13257) Name: Kosmos-1374 Country: USSR Launch date: 3 June 1982 Re-entry: 3 June 1982 Launch site: Kapustin Yar Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3MP

Orbit: 158 x 204 km, inclination: 50.7° Kosmos-1374 was a research vehicle in the Bor-4 programme to study heat resistant tiles and re-entry techniques for the Spiral spaceplane which was never built. Studies for a re-usable launch vehicle commenced in the 1962-1969 period when Mikoyan tested the 50-50 spaceplane concept, also known as Spiral. This consisted of a hypersonic carrier with a small one-crew spaceplane on top. The Bor-4 spaceplane shaped vehicle had a span of 2.28 m, a length of 2.86 m and a mass of 1074 kg. The spacecraft was recovered after 1½ orbits in the Indian Ocean, 560 km south of Cocos Island and the recovery was photographed by an Australian Orion patrol aircraft. Another flight in the series, Kosmos-1445 (1983 017A), was also recovered in the Indian Ocean whilst two other flights, Kosmos-1517 (1983 125A) and Kosmos-1614 (1984 126A), were recovered in the Black Sea.


Orbit: 981 x 1011 km, inclination: 65.8° DS-P1-M target satellite for anti-satellite technology tests as described for 1967 104A. Kosmos-1375 was intercepted by Kosmos-1379 (1982 060A). The satellite disintegrated on 21 October 1985.

1982 056A (13263) Name: Kosmos-1376 Country: USSR Launch date: 8 June 1982 Re-entry: 22 June 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 057A (13265) Name: Kosmos-1377 Country: USSR Launch date: 8 June 1982 Re-entry: 22 July 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


Kosmos-1377 was the first Yantar 4K1 series of military reconnaissance satellite based on the Yantar military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1974 098A. Also known as Oktant, the 6600 kg satellites were built by TsSKB as article 11F693. They had a mission duration of 45 days and carried a Zhemchug-18 camera.

1982 058A (13269) Name: Westar-5 Country: USA Launch date: 9 June 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3910


1982 059A (13271) Name: Kosmos-1378 Country: USSR Launch date: 10 June 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 3


--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 12 June 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U Orbit: failed to orbit Yantar 4K2 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1981 080A which failed to orbit.

1982 060A (13281) Name: Kosmos-1379 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 June 1982 Re-entry: 18 June 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 144 x 546 km, inclination: 65.1° IS-P interceptor satellite for anti-satellite technology tests as described for 1967 104A. Kosmos-1379 intercepted Kosmos-1375 (1982 055A) on the second orbit. It was then de-orbited.

1982 061A (13282) Name: Kosmos-1380 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 June 1982 Re-entry: 27 June 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 145 x 659 km, inclination: 82.9° Parus military navigational satellite as described for 1974 105A. Because of a malfunction of the last stage of the launch vehicle, the satellite failed to achieve the correct orbit.

1982 062A (13283) Name: Kosmos-1381 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 June 1982 Re-entry: 1 July 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 063A (13292) Name: Soyuz T-6 Country: USSR Launch date: 24 June 1982 Re-entry: 2 July 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 248 x 265 km, inclination: 51.6° Crewed spaceflight with cosmonauts V. Dzhanibekov (Cmdr.), A. Ivanchenkov (Fl. Eng) and J.L. Chretien (Cosm. Res.) (France) using a Soyuz T spacecraft as described for 1979 103A. Whilst the USSR had certain commitments to fly cosmonauts of Interkosmos countries to the space stations, the offer to fly a French citizen to the space station, provided the USSR with a greater credibility of international cooperation. The offer had been made in 1976 and came to fruition with the flight of Chretien in Soyuz T-6. The call sign of the crew was Pamir and the back-up crew consisted of L. Kizim, V. Solovyov and the Frenchman P. Baudry. Originally the commander for the flight was to be Y. Malyshev but he was replaced for medical reasons. The threesome docked with the rear port of the Salyut-7 space station (1982 033A) on 25 June 1982 and remained on Salyut-7 until 2 July 1982. During this time experiments were conducted with the Magna-F materials processing unit, as well as the Braslet device which restricted the blood flow in the legs to make the adaptation to weightlessness easier. Experiments were also conducted with the Piramig image intensifier to photograph celestial objects, and the PCN camera to photograph zodiacal light. On 2 July 1982 the crew landed 65 km north east from Arkalyk after a stay in space of 7 days, 22 hours, 42 minutes.

1982 064A (13295) Name: Kosmos-1382 Country: USSR Launch date: 25 June 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 065A (13300) Name: STS-4 Country: USA Launch date: 27 June 1982 Re-entry: 4 July 1982 Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS


IECM

Crewed spaceflight with astronauts T. Mattingly (Cmdr.) and H. Hartsfield (Pilot) using the orbiter Columbia as described for 1981 034A. Because of the ready availability of trained crews, NASA ceased assigning back-up crews commencing with STS-4. It was also known as OTF-4. The STS-4 flight was the first mission for the Department of Defense and was also known as DoD 82-1. It was also used for further development testing, in particular the Remote Manipulator System (RMS). The experiments carried on board were: 1. the DoD 82-1 instrument package carried on the Experiment Support System (ESS)-1 platform,

consisting of:

• the Ultraviolet Horizon Scanner (UHS);

• the Passive Cosmic Ray Detector, also known as CRL-258, to measure the composition, flux and energy of trapped energetic particles;

• the Cryogenic Infra Red Radiance Instrument for Shuttle (CIRRIS) experiment also known as AFGL-201 and AFP-269, to obtain spectral data on the exhaust of rocket and jet vehicles;

• the Solar Aspects Sensor, also known as SD-101, to measure the sum position relative to the ESS-1 platform;

• the Autonomous Navigation and Altitude Reference System (ANARS) experiment;

• the Shuttle Effect on Plasma in Space (SEPS) experiment, also known as NRL-802, to determine the impact of the orbiter borne contamination on plasma experiments ;

• the Horizon Ultraviolet Program (HUP) experiment, also known as AFGL-801A, to measure spatial and spectral characteristics of the Earth horizon;

• the Quadrupole Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (QINMS), also known as AFGL-804A, which measured payload bay contamination in support of the CIRRIS experiment;

• the Uniformly Redundant Array (URA), also known as AFTAC-801, experiment to study astrophysical sources of X-ray radiation;

• the Far Ultraviolet Camera (FAR-UV), also known as NRL-803, to observe ultraviolet radiation in near-Earth space;

• the Sheat and Wake Charging (SWC) experiment also known as AFGL-804, to measure that actual plasma disturbance on the orbiter;

2. the Induced Environment Contamination Monitor (IECM) as described for STS-2 (1981 111A); 3. the Monodisperse Latex Reactor (MLR) as described for STS-3 (1982 022A); 4. the Vapor Phase Compression Freezer (VPCF) to demonstrate freezer heat exchanger equipment

for freezing samples; 5. the Night/Day Optical Survey of Lightning (NOSL) experiment as described for STS-2 (1981 111A); 6. the Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System (CFES)-1, a McDonnell Douglas sponsored materials

processing experiment to make medicines; 7. several Flight Test Objective (FTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A), including:

• FTO-412-01: Attitude Hold Thermal Response;

• FTO-412-03: Star Tracker Cold Soak Thermal Response;

• FTO-412-05: RCS Thruster Firing Thermal Soak Load Test;



• FTO-412-08: ARCS Thermal Soakback test;

• FTO-444-01: Hydraulic System Warm Up;

• FTO-452-02: Singularity Management;

• FTO-452-03: Unloaded Arm Response to PRCS Activity;

• FTO-454-01: RCS Plume Impingement Survey;

• FTO-455-01: Payload Deployment and Berthing Performance;

• FTO-455-02: Loaded RMS/PRC Interaction Test;

• FTO-455-03: RMS Control System Evaluation;

• FTO-462-01: Radiator Surface Coating Inspection;

• FTO-466-01: Radiator Performance Test;

• FTO-473-01: Star Tracker Operations during Water Dumps;

• FTO-473-02: Star Tracker Threshold Level Verification;

• FTO-473-03: Forward Station COAS Calibration;

• FTO-473-04: Aft Station COAS Calibration;

• FTO-474-01: Navigation Base Stability;

• FTO-477-02: Passive Gravity Gradient Attitude Hold; 8. several Developmental Test Objective (DTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A),

including:

• DTO-414: APU Fuelline and Waterlines Freezing Test;

• DTO-444: Hydraulic System Timer Mode Operation;

• DTO-446: Observation of Elevon Positions;

• DTO-463: Airlock and EVA System Demonstration; 9. several Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A),

including:



10. G001, a Getaway canister as described for STS-3 (1982 022A) with nine experiment provided by Utah State University:

• Fruit Fly Growth Experiment;

• Brine Shrimp Growth Experiment;

• Surface Tension Experiment;

• Composite Curing Experiment;

• Thermal Conductivity Experiment;

• Microgravity Soldering Experiment;

• Root Growth of Duckweed experiment;

• Homogeneous Alloy Experiment;

• Algal Microgravity Bioassay Experiment; 11. two Shuttle Student Involvement Projects:

• S405 or SE81-6: an investigation of the effects of diet, exercise and zero-gravity on lipoprotein profiles;

• S404 or SE81-4: an investigation of the effect of space travel on levels of trivalent chromium in the body;

12. the Office of Applied Space Technology (OAST) experiment package, consisting of:

• the Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP)-4 as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Tile Gap Heating Effects (TGHE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Catalytic Surface Effects (CSE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Dynamic Acoustic and Thermal Environment (DATE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A); and

13. Development Flight Instrumentation (DFI) as decribed for STS-1 (1981 034A). After their separation, the two solid boosters hit the water at a high velocity and sank, rather than floated. Although they were located, they could not be recovered. During the flight the IECM was manipulated around the orbiter by the Remote Manipulator System. The lens cap of the CIRRIS instrument jammed and the instrument provided no date. After a flight of 7 days, 1 hour, 11 minutes. the orbiter landed at Edwards AFB.



Tsikada civilian navigational satellite as described for 1976 122A. The satellite also carried the Kospas-1 payload. The Kosmičeskaja Spasatel'naja Sistema (Kospas)-Sarsat system (often incorrectly transcribed as Cospas) was an international search and rescue programme that used satellites of the United States and the USSR to relay signals from emergency beacons carried on ships and aircraft, to selected ground stations from where search and rescue action could be initiated. The emergency beacons operated on the 121.5 MHz and 406 MHz frequencies and allowed, in addition to the relay function, the accurate pinpointing of the source of the signal. The system made use of NOAA and GOES satellites of the USA as well as Kosmos civilian navigational and Nadezhda satellites of the USSR.

1982 067A (13303) Name: Kosmos-1384 Country: USSR Launch date: 30 June 1982 Re-entry: 30 July 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 068A (13345) Name: Kosmos-1385 Country: USSR Launch date: 6 July 1982 Re-entry: 20 July 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 186 x 237 km, inclination: 82.3° Zenit 6 military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1976 111A. The satellite also carried an ancillary Earth resources payload.

1982 069A (13353) Name: Kosmos-1386 Country: USSR Launch date: 7 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 070A (13361) Name: Progress-14 Country: USSR Launch date: 10 July 1982 Re-entry: 13 August 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 301 x 325 km, inclination: 51.6° Cargo transfer spacecraft as described for 1978 008A. Progress-14 docked with the rear port of the Salyut-7 space station (1982 033A) on 12 July 1982. The cargo included the Korund materials processing facility as well as the usual supplies. On 10 August 1982 Progress-14 undocked. After undocking an attempt was made to deploy two 20 m diameter antennas to test new space communications as part of the Model programme. The antennas deployed but did not achieve a circular shape.

1982 071A (13365) Name: Kosmos-1387 Country: USSR Launch date: 13 July 1982 Re-entry: 26 July 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 212 x 243 km, inclination: 82.3° Zenit 4MKT military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1975 090A. A capsule, designated 1982 071C (13388), was ejected and re-entered on 31 July 1982.

1982 072A (13367) Name: Landsat-4 Country: USA Launch date: 16 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Delta 3920


The Landsat-4 Earth resources satellite introduced a new design that incorporated an maneuvering engine and also facilities for retrieval by the Space Shuttle, thereby allowing the satellite to be refurbished. The instrumentation consisted of:

1. a multi-spectral scanner operating in the 0.5-0.6 µm, 0.6-0.7 µm, 0.7-0.8 µm and 0.8-1.1 µm bands of the electromagnetic spectrum with a resolution of 80 m and a swath width of 185 km; and

2. a thematic mapper operating in the seven bands in the 0.45 – 0.52 µm, 0.52 – 0.60 µm, 0.62 – 0.69 µm, 0.76 – 0.90 µm, 1.55 – 1.75 µm and 2.06 – 2.35 µm ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum with a resolution of 30 meters, as well 10.4 to 12.5 µm range with a 120 m resolution.

The satellite, with a mass of 1942 kg, was placed in such an orbit that it provided a global coverage every 16 days but lost 50% of its power after a short time in orbit. Although it was intended to repair the satellite in orbit at a later date, such a repair mission was never carried out. The satellite, which was operated as a civilian spacecraft by EOSAT, was closed down on 14 December 1993 after it had experienced further problems with its functionality.

1982 073A (13375) Name: Kosmos-1388 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073B (13376) Name: Kosmos-1389 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073C (13377) Name: Kosmos-1390 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073D (13378) Name: Kosmos-1391 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073E (13379) Name: Kosmos-1392 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073F (13380) Name: Kosmos-1393 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073G (13381) Name: Kosmos-1394 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 073H (13382) Name: Kosmos-1395 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 074A (13383) Name: Molniya 1-55 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 July 1982 Re-entry: 8 October 1992 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Molniya M


--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 23 July 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM Orbit: failed to orbit Ekran communications satellite as described for 1976 107A. The failure of the first stage of the launch vehicle

prevented the satellite from achieving geostationary orbit at 99°E.

1982 075A (13391) Name: Kosmos-1396 Country: USSR Launch date: 27 July 1982 Re-entry: 10 August 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 076A (13394) Name: Kosmos-1397 Country: USSR Launch date: 29 July 1982 Re-entry: 18 May 1983 Launch site: Kapustin Yar Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 345 x 540 km, inclination: 50.7° Taifun 2 minor military satellite as described for 1976 037A. The satellite released 24 Ro,b sub-satellites.

1982 077A (13396) Name: Kosmos-1398 Country: USSR Launch date: 3 August 1982 Re-entry: 13 August 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 216 x 234 km, inclination: 82.4° Zenit 4MT military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1971 118A. A capsule, designated 1982 077C (13414), was ejected and re-entered on 13 August 1982.

1982 078A (13399) Name: Kosmos-1399 Country: USSR Launch date: 4 August 1982 Re-entry: 16 September 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 079A (13402) Name: Kosmos-1400 Country: USSR Launch date: 5 August 1982 Re-entry: 13 September 2014 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Vostok


1982 080A (13425) Name: Soyuz T-7 Country: USSR Launch date: 19 August 1982 Re-entry: 10 December 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 289 x 299 km, inclination: 51.6° Crewed spaceflight with cosmonauts L. Popov (Cmdr.), A. Serebrov (Fl. Eng.) and S. Savitskaya (Cosm. Res.) using a Soyuz T spacecraft as described for 1979 103A. They docked with the rear port of Salyut-7 (1982 033A) on 20 August 1982. Savitskaya was the second woman in space and, it is believed, her flight was brought forward in an attempt to upstage the USA's plans to fly a female on board of the Space Shuttle. Although she slept on board of the space station, she was allowed the use of the Soyuz orbital module as a 'private' room. During their stay on Salyut-7 the cosmonauts conducted a range of biomedical experiments some of which with a feminine objective. Experiments included the Tavria electrophoresis experiment, the Piramig, EFO and Braslet experiments. On 27 August 1982 the crew moved into Soyuz T-5 (1982 042A) and undocked to land on the same day 70 km north east of Arkalyk. The back-up crew consisted of V. Vasyutin, V. Savinykh and I. Pronina. The call sign of the Soyuz T-7 crew was Dnepr and they had been in space for 7 days, 21 hours and 52 minutes. After the Soyuz T-7 crew had left, Berezovoi and Lebedev, the permanent crew on board of Salyut-7, moved the Soyuz T-7 spacecraft to the front port on 29 August 1982. They undocked Soyuz T-7 on 10 December 1982 and landed the same day 190 km east of Dzhezkazgan.

1982 081A (13427) Name: Kosmos-1401 Country: USSR Launch date: 20 August 1982 Re-entry: 3 September 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 082A (13431) Name: Anik D-1 Country: Canada Launch date: 26 August 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3910

Orbit: geostationary at 104°W

The Anik D series of communications satellites were replacements for the A-series satellites as described for 1972 090A, which were nearing the end of their operational lives. They were built by Spar, a Canadian company, and Hughes as type HS-376 and were equipped with 24 transponders operating in the C band. The satellites, which had a mass of 1235 kg, were spin-stabilised.

1982 083A (13432) Name: Molniya 3-19 Country: USSR Launch date: 27 August 1982 Re-entry: 13 January 2002 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 084A (13441) Name: Kosmos-1402 Country: USSR Launch date: 30 August 1982 Re-entry: 23 January 1983 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 251 x 265 km, inclination: 65.0° US-A military ocean surveillance satellite fitted with radar equipment as described for 1967 127A. The satellite was not boosted into a higher orbit and, after a separation in January 1983, burnt up in the atmosphere over the South Atlantic, on 7 February 1983.

--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 30 August 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M Orbit: failed to orbit Strela 2 military communications satellite as described for 1965 112A which failed to orbit.

1982 085A (13448) Name: Kosmos-1403 Country: USSR Launch date: 1 September 1982 Re-entry: 15 September 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 086A (13449) Name: Kosmos-1404 Country: USSR Launch date: 1 September 1982 Re-entry: 15 September 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 087A (13492) Name: ETS-4 Country: Japan Launch date: 3 September 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Tanegashima Launch vehicle: Nu 1


The 640 kg Engineering Test Satellite (ETS)-4, also known as Kiku-4, verified a three-axis attitude control system, solar array deployment and active thermal control. It also tested communications equipment and carried an Visicon camera for Earth imaging. The satellite remained operational until 8 March 1985.

1982 088A (13508) Name: Kosmos-1405 Country: USSR Launch date: 4 September 1982 Re-entry: 5 February 1984 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2

Orbit: 429 x 445 km, inclination: 65.0° US-P military ocean surveillance satellite fitted with electronic equipment as described for 1974 103A. It appears the satellite failed to operate and was destroyed by ground control on 20 December 1983.

1982 089A (13519) Name: Kosmos-1406 Country: USSR Launch date: 8 September 1982 Re-entry: 21 September 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 211 x 230 km, inclination: 82.3° Zenit 4MKT military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1975 090A. A capsule, designated 1982 089C (13581), was ejected and re-entered on 25 September 1982.

1982 090A (13521) Name: FSW 0-4 Country: China Launch date: 9 September 1982 Re-entry: 21 September 1982 Launch site: Jiuquan Launch vehicle: CZ 2C

Orbit: 174 x 385 km, inclination: 63.0° Recoverable satellite as described for 1975 111A. It was also known as Jian Bing 1-3. The re-entry capsule was recovered on 14 September 1982.

--- Name: Sirio-2 Int. Agency: ESA Launch date: 10 September 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Kourou Launch vehicle: Ariane 1 Orbit: failed to orbit

Sirio-2 was originally a spare flight model of Sirio-1 (1977 080A) which had been commenced as a national Italian programme but was eventually handed over to the European Space Agency. The objectives of the 420 kg satellite were to disseminate meteorological data in support of the meteorological Ground Telecommunications System of the World Meteorological Organisation, in particular between African and Asian stations. It was also to allow synchronisation of atomic clocks with an accuracy of 1 nanosecond by the use of laser ground stations, on-board retro-reflectors and an intervalometer. The malfunction of the third stage of the Ariane launch vehicle prevented the satellite from achieving orbit.

--- Name: Marecs-B Int. Agency: ESA Launch date: 10 September 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Kourou Launch vehicle: Ariane 1 Orbit: failed to orbit Maritime communications satellite as described 1981 122A but with some design improvements to make the circuitry less susceptible to electrostatic interference. Failure of the third stage of the Ariane launch vehicle led to the loss of the 582 kg spacecraft which was to

have been located in a geostationary orbit at 177.5°E.

1982 091A (13546) Name: Kosmos-1407 Country: USSR Launch date: 15 September 1982 Re-entry: 16 October 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 092A (13552) Name: Kosmos-1408 Country: USSR Launch date: 16 September 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 3


1982 093A (13554) Name: Ekran-9 Country: USSR Launch date: 16 September 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM


1982 094A (13558) Name: Progress-15 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 September 1982 Re-entry: 16 October 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 301 x 326 km, inclination: 51.6° Cargo transfer spacecraft as described for 1978 008A. Progress-15 docked with the rear port of Salyut-7 (1982 033A) on 20 September 1982. The spacecraft was, amongst others, used to boost the orbit of the Salyut-7 space station. It undocked on 14 October 1982.

1982 095A (13585) Name: Kosmos-1409 Country: USSR Launch date: 22 September 1982 Re-entry: 8 June 2009 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Molniya M


1982 096A (13589) Name: Kosmos-1410 Country: USSR Launch date: 24 September 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 3

Orbit: 1495 x 1503 km, inclination: 82.6° Musson geodetic satellite as described for 1981 098A.

1982 097A (13595) Name: Intelsat 5-F5 Int. Agency: Intelsat Launch date: 28 September 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Atlas Centaur D1AR

Orbit: geostationary at 63°E Communications satellite as described for 1980 098A. In addition Intelsat 5-F5 carried a MCS-A transponder

for Inmarsat, which operated in the 1.5/1.6 GHz band. At a later date, the satellite was repositioned at 66°E.

1982 098A (13597) Name: Kosmos-1411 Country: USSR Launch date: 30 September 1982 Re-entry: 14 October 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 099A (13600) Name: Kosmos-1412 Country: USSR Launch date: 2 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Tsyklon 2


was boosted into an orbit of 909 x 983 km with an inclination of 64.8° on 10 November 1987.

1982 100A (13603) Name: Kosmos-1413 Country: USSR Launch date: 12 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2


The Globalnaya Navigationnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (Glonass) navigational satellites were built by the Prikladnoi Mekhanik bureau as article 11F654. The operational Glonass system consisted of up to 24 satellites

located 45° apart in three orbital planes which were separated by 120°. The satellites, which had a mass of 1487 kg, were usually launched in groups of three, and are believed to have carried a maneuvering system for station keeping. They operated on the 1250 MHz and 1603.5 MHz frequencies and carried a cesium atomic clock. The series has also been referred to as Uragan.

1982 100D (13606) Name: Kosmos-1414 Country: USSR Launch date: 12 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2

Orbit: 19065 x 19080 km, inclination: 64.8° Glonass navigational satellite as described for 1982 100A.

1982 100E (13607) Name: Kosmos-1415 Country: USSR Launch date: 12 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM-2

Orbit: 19069 x 19079 km, inclination: 64.8° Glonass navigational satellite as described for 1982 100A.

1982 101A (13611) Name: Kosmos-1416 Country: USSR Launch date: 14 October 1982 Re-entry: 28 October 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 102A (13617) Name: Kosmos-1417 Country: USSR Launch date: 19 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 103A (13624) Name: Gorizont-6 Country: USSR Launch date: 20 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM

Orbit: geostationary at 90°E Communications satellite as described for 1978 118A. One of the transponders was for some time leased to India.

1982 104A (13627) Name: Kosmos-1418 Country: USSR Launch date: 21 October 1982 Re-entry: 30 September 1983 Launch site: Kapustin Yar Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 371 x 413 km, inclination: 50.7° Yug minor military satellite as described for 1979 100A.

1982 105A (13631) Name: RCA Satcom-5 Country: USA Launch date: 28 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Delta 3924


Communications satellite as described for 1975 117A. In 1990 the satellite was sold to Alascom Inc. and was renamed Aurora-1.

1982 106A (13636) Name: DSCS II-15 Country: USA Launch date: 30 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Titan 34D + IUS

Orbit: geostationary at 16°W Military communications satellite as described for 1971 095A.

1982 106B (13637) Name: DSCS III-1 Country: USA Launch date: 30 October 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: Titan 34D + IUS


The next generation of the Defence Satellite Communications System (DSCS) III military communications satellites, were built by GE Astrospace and later by Martin Marietta. Also known as ES-5A, they had a mass of 1232 kg. The first generation, known as A type of which three were built, were fitted with six transponders operating in the UHF band. The remaining satellites were of the B type and also operated in the SHF band. The operational system consisted of five primary satellites and five reserve satellites. In 1995 the satellites remaining in storage then were upgraded to extend their lives to 10 years by installing improved thrusters, solar cells and transponders. DSCS III-1, which was also known as DSCS III-A1, was moved out of geostationary orbit on 29 October 1989.

1982 107A (13638) Name: Progress-16 Country: USSR Launch date: 31 October 1982 Re-entry: 14 December 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 290 x 358 km, inclination: 51.6° Cargo transfer spacecraft as described for 1978 008A. Progress-16 docked with the rear port of Salyut-7 (1982 033A) on 2 November 1982. The cargo included the Iskra-3 (1982 033AD) radio amateur satellite. Progress-16 was also used to boost the space station's orbit and undocked on 13 December 1982.

1982 108A (13641) Name: Kosmos-1419 Country: USSR Launch date: 2 November 1982 Re-entry: 16 November 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 109A (13648) Name: Kosmos-1420 Country: USSR Launch date: 11 November 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M


1982 110A (13650) Name: STS-5 Country: USA Launch date: 11 November 1982 Re-entry: 16 November 1982 Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS


Crewed spaceflight with astronauts V. Brand (Cmdr.), R. Overmyer (Pilot), J. Allen and W. Lenoir (both Mission Specialists) using the orbiter Columbia as described for 1981 034A. This was the first flight for which the crew did not wear pressure suits. The flight was originally intended to be the Orbital Flight Fest (OTF)-5 which was cancelled. As the first operational flight of the Space Shuttle, the objective was to launch the SBS-3 and the Anik C-3 satellites. In addition the spacecraft carried the following experiments: 1. an EVA Task Simulation device; 2. three Shuttle Student Involvement Programme experiments:

• S81-2: an experiment to study the formation of sponges;

• S81-9: an experiment to study the liquid surface tension convection;

• S81-5: an experiment to grow crystals; 3. the Monodisperse Latex Reactor (MLR) experiment as described for STS-3 (1982 022A); 4. G026, a Getaway special as described for STS-3 (1982 022A) with the X-Ray Radiation on Metallic

Samples experiment, which used a molten mixture of mercury and gallium; 5. the Office of Applied Space Technology (OAST) experiment package, consisting of:

• the Aerodynamic Coefficient Identification Package (ACIP)-5 as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Tile Gap Heating Effects (TGHE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Catalytic Surface Effects (CSE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

• the Dynamic Acoustic and Thermal Environment (DATE) experiment as described for STS-1 (1981 034A);

6. Development Flight Instrumentation (DFI) as described for STS-1 (1981 034A) which included the Effects of Interaction of Oxygen with Materials (EIOM) experiment, to investigate the reaction of atomic oxygen with various materials, and the Investigation of STS Atmospheric Luminosities (ISAL) experiment;

7. several Developmental Test Objective (DTO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A), including:

• DTO-401: ?;

• DTO-611: EVA/EMU Evaluation;

• DTO-771: ?;

• DTO-772: ?;

• DTO-805: Crosswind Landing Performance;

• DTO-? : Maximum Braking Test; 8. several Detailed Supplementary Objective (DSO) experiments as described for STS-1 (1981 034A),

including:

• DSO-201: Sensory-Motor Investigations;



• DSO-403: Head and Eye Motion During Shuttle Launch and Entry;

• DSO-404: Extra Ocular Motion (EOM) Studies, Pre-, In and Post Flight;

• DSO-405: Acceleration Detection Sensitivity;

• DSO-406: Kinesthetic Ability;

• DSO-408: Near Vision Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity;

• DSO-484: Assessment of Circadian Shifting in Astronauts by Bright Light; and

• DSO-614: Head and Gaze Stability During Locomotion. The SBS-3 (1982 110B) satellite was deployed successfully on 11 November 1982, whilst Anik C-3 (1982 110C) was deployed on 12 November 1982. It was the intention that Lenoir and Allen would make an EVA on 14 November 1982 for which spacesuits were carried. Problems with the suits prevented this and the EVA Task Simulation device, further described for STS-6 (1983 026A) was not used. The EVA spacesuits for the Space Shuttle were completely self contained and independent of Shuttle control systems. Each suit had, however, two tether links which could be shifted from point to point. After a flight of 5 days, 2 hours, 14 minutes the orbiter landed at Edwards AFB.

1982 110B (13651) Name: SBS-3 Country: USA Launch date: 11 November 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS + PAM-D


Communications satellite as described for 1980 091A. In December 1993 the satellite was moved to 74°W.

1982 110C (13652) Name: Anik C-3 Country: Canada Launch date: 12 November 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Cape Canaveral Launch vehicle: STS + PAM-D

Orbit: geostationary at 117.5°W Communications satellite for Telesat Canada built by Hughes and Spar using the HS-376 space platform. The 632 kg satellite carried 20 transponders operating in the Ku band.

1982 111A (13659) Name: KH 11-5 Country: USA Launch date: 17 November 1982 Re-entry: 13 August 1985 Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Titan IIID

Orbit: 280 x 520 km, inclination: 97.0° Military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1976 125A. Also known as Ops-9627.

1982 112A (13661) Name: Kosmos-1421 Country: USSR Launch date: 18 November 1982 Re-entry: 2 December 1982 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 24 November 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M Orbit: failed to orbit Eight military communications satellite as described for 1970 036A which failed to orbit.

1982 113A (13669) Name: Raduga-11 Country: USSR Launch date: 26 November 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM


1982 114A (13677) Name: Kosmos-1422 Country: USSR Launch date: 3 December 1982 Re-entry: 17 December 1982 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 115A (13685) Name: Kosmos-1423 Country: USSR Launch date: 8 December 1982 Re-entry: 18 January 1986 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Molniya M

Orbit: 405 x 515 km, inclination: 62.8° Molniya 1 communications satellite as described for 1965 030A. The satellite exploded when the escape stage fired.

1982 116A (13718) Name: Meteor 2-9 Country: USSR Launch date: 14 December 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Vostok

Orbit: 812 x 892 km, inclination: 81.3° Meteorological satellite as described for 1975 064A.

1982 117A (13725) Name: Kosmos-1424 Country: USSR Launch date: 16 December 1982 Re-entry: 28 January 1983 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U


1982 118A (13736) Name: DMSP F-6 Country: USA Launch date: 21 December 1982 Re-entry: in orbit Launch site: Vandenberg Launch vehicle: Atlas E


The DMSP F-6, also known as Ops-9845, was the first satellite in the Block 5D-2 series of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Programme (DMSP) and was based on the Block 5D series as described for 1976 091A. The series was also known as WS-1A. They have also been idientied by their production serial commencing with the letter ‘S’. The satellites were built by General Electric and carried: 1. the Operational Line Scan (OLS) system providing images with a resolution of up to 3 km in the visible

and infrared bands; 2. a scanning X-ray spectrometer (SSB/A); 3. a precipitating electron/ion spectrometer (SSJ/4); and 4. an ionospheric plasma monitor (SSI/E). Later satellites also carried a microwave imager, a microwave temperature sounder and an advanced X-ray detector. Commencing with DMSP F-15 (1999 067A) the satellites were fitted with larger sensors payloads and were also know as the Block 5D-3 series. The DMSP system operated satellites in two separate orbits, the ‘early-morning orbit’ and the ‘mid-morning orbit’ each with a primary and a secondary spacecraft.

1982 119A (13739) Name: Kosmos-1425 Country: USSR Launch date: 23 December 1982 Re-entry: 6 January 1983 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U2


--- Name: --- Country: USSR Launch date: 24 December 1982 Re-entry: n.a. Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Proton K/DM Orbit: failed to orbit Raduga communications satellite as described for 1975 123A. The second stage of the launch vehicle failed and the satellite did not achieve orbit.

1982 120A (13745) Name: Kosmos-1426 Country: USSR Launch date: 28 December 1982 Re-entry: 5 March 1983 Launch site: Baikonour Launch vehicle: Soyuz U

Orbit: 209 x 356 km, inclination: 50.5° Kosmos-1426 was the first of the Yantar 4KS1 series of military reconnaissance satellites also referred to as Terilen. The 6620 kg satellites were based on the Yantar military reconnaissance satellite as described for 1974 098A. Built by TsSKB as article 11F694, the satellites were fitted with a maneuvering engine. They carried electronic imaging equipment and data was transmitted to Earth via communications satellites in geostationary orbit. The operational lifetime of these satellites was 26 to 32 weeks.

1982 121A (13750) Name: Kosmos-1427 Country: USSR Launch date: 29 December 1982 Re-entry: 5 October 1989 Launch site: Plesetsk Launch vehicle: Kosmos 3M

Orbit: 445 x 499 km, inclination: 65.8° Yug minor military satellite as described for 1979 100A.

world spacecraft digest by jos heyman 1982 version: 16 ... · launch date: 5 march 1982 re-entry:...

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