World War I 1917-1918

Joseph Jackson Downs Douglas, Wesley Wright, and Samantha

World War I in 1917

• April 9-12, Battle of Vimy Ridge

• The Third Battle of Ypres

- July 31-British attack east of Ypres

- Nov 6, Passchendaele is captured

• Jan 19- Zimmerman Note

• Feb 1- Germans resume unrestricted submarine war fare.

• By February 28- 8 American ships had sunk

• April 6- U.S.A declares war on Germany

World War I in 1918

3 Mar.

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

21 Mar.

German Spring Offensive

15 July

Second Battle of the Marne

8 Aug.

Battle of Amiens

26 Sep.

Meuse-Argonne Offensive

11 Nov.

Germany signs armistice agreement

Technology at the End of the War

• Tanks were improved and used in greater numbers

• Camouflage patterns for tanks and vessels

• Aircrafts

• Gas masks

• Tracer Bullets

Tanks at the End of the War

• Tanks were developed at the end of the war

• Tanks had large cannons to fire at fortified positions and machine guns to fight infantry

• Tanks were able to cross no man's land and drive over trenches

• Tanks had a factor of intimidation because they were large and unstoppable

Passchendaele

• July 31st November 1917

• Total war of attrition, neither side has decisive victory, both face heavy losses

• Canadian troops eventually capture Passchendaele on November 6th

Battle of Vimy Ridge

• Canada took the high ground from Germany to keep its army safe as it pushed up

• Enemy bombarded by artillery beforehand

• Decisive victory for Canadian army

• Tanks used to push up to the ridge under heavy fire

The Second Battle of The Marne

• Germany tries to punch through French lines to end the war quickly

• Initial artillery barrage fails because of fake lines

• Counterattack from the allies after first assault pushes Germany back

• Last major German offensive

• Stormtroopers, gas, flamethrowers and tanks used

• August 6th 1918

German 1918 Spring Offensive

• March 21-July 18th, 1918

• German attack on the Western Front in two places

• Paris 120 kilometers

• Push British North, pin them on the coast

• Germans using tanks and flamethrowers

• Sturmmann caused massive casualties to German side

• Secured the trenches

German 1918 Spring Offensive

• To quickly win the war Germany gains a lot of ground

• Their supply lines couldn’t keep up.

• Brought back 500,000 troops from Russian front

• Fired over a million shells

• Cambrai, and Paris, were damaged in the offensive

U.S.A in World War I

• May 18 1917- Selective Service Act

• Reached France in June 1917

• 2,084,000 Americans reached France

• John Joseph Perishing

• Helped French and British Armies

• July 1918-French helped American forces

• Battle of St. Mihiel

• Battle of Argonne

Battle of Amiens

• August 8, 1918

• Fourth Army Commander Henry Rawlinson

• 75,000 men 500 tanks and 1,900 aircrafts-Allies

• 37,000 men, 530 guns, 369 planes

• 4:20 AM

Battle of Amiens Strategies

• Forces advanced under barrage of 700 artillery guns

• Heavy tanks attacked well defended German positions

• Small tanks- "whippets"

• 600 RAF planes dropped phosphorus bombs

• 5 miles, Rawlinson ordered 20,000 more cavalry troops

• Ended August 12

"The Germans were surrendering everywhere. We knew it was going to be

the end of the war."- Major S Evers, Australian Corps

Medium MK A Whippet- British tank

Meuse-Argonne Offensive

• Followed the Battle of St. Miheil and 4,000 troops were moved by night

• Sept 26th-Nov 11th

• Wanted to capture Sedan and the railroad hub

• Force Germany to withdraw from French territories

Meuse-Argonne Offensive Strategy

• September 26, 700 tanks and infantry took up positions

• Bombarded Germans with gas

• Advanced 6 miles on Sept 27

• September 30th reorganized army

• November 1st advanced 11 miles

• November 5th French captured Sedan

The End of the War

• Germany was faced with imminent invasion

• Germany lost its allies

• Bulgaria on September 29th, 1918

• Ottoman Empire on October 30th, 1918

• Austrian Hungary on November 3rd, 1918

• Signed armistice agreement outside Compiégne France

• War ended November 11, 1918