world war i notes. what was wwi? a war between mostly european nations but also involved people from...
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World War I Notes
What was WWI?
• A war between mostly European nations but also involved people from around the world.
• Around 20 million die in the war.
• Takes place between 1914 and 1918.
What were the causes of WWI?• Nationalism
– Lots of pride, competition between countries
• Militarism
– Buildup of armies, weapons, etc. War glorified.
• Imperialism
– Expanding empire, power important
• Alliances
– Ties them together, all have to fight when one does.
Who was on each side?
• Central Powers:
–Germany
–Austria-Hungary
–Ottoman Empire
• Allied Powers:
–Great Britain
–France
–Russia
–United States (eventually)
How did WWI start?
• Franz Ferdinand assassinated in Serbia.
• Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.
• Alliance system brings in the other countries.
• Russia on A-H, Germany on Russia, France on Germany & A-H, GB on Germany & A-H, Germany on GB & France, etc…
Why did WWI end up a stalemate?
• What’s a stalemate?– Neither side can make a move to win.
• Machine gun. How did this change war? How was it fought before?
• Trenches “solution”.
• Millions die without gaining ground.
What new weapons were used in WWI?
• Machine gun
• Poison gas
• Submarine
• Airplane
• Tank
How did WWI end?
• Germany surrendered.
• Allies impose Treaty of Versailles.– Declares Germany guilty for war. – Germany must pay reparations to Allies.
• This sets the stage for WWII!
• League of Nations formed to try to prevent war in the future.