World War II1939-1945

APUSHPart II

Allied vs. Axis Powers

• Allied Powers:

Great Britain, France, USA, Soviet Union

• Axis Powers:

Germany, Italy, Japan

Selective Service

• U.S. Fought WWII in two fronts; Atlantic & Pacific

• 5 million volunteers not enough to effectively wage war

• Selective Service added 10 million soldiers

• What was the role of women & minorities in the war effort?

Women in WWII

• Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)

• Allowed women volunteers to join the military and serve in non-combat positions

• How did women help out on the home front during WWII?

• Took over jobs left behind by men

Minorities & WWII

• WWII created problems in armed forces

• As minorities rushed to enlist the military was pressured to end discrimination & segregation

• Despite poor treatment many minority groups continued to serve in U.S. Military

A. Philip Randolph

• Organized march on Washington to protest discrimination in military & industry

• Met with FDR who issued order for end of discrimination in industry

• Why was it so important to end discrimination in industry during WWII?

Industry during WWII

• Many African-Americans & women work industrial jobs for the first time

• Support for war time industries just as important as support for war itself

• Women and Minorities proved they are just as capable in factory work as white men

“Rosie the Riveter”

Economic Conversion

• Economy must shift to totally support war effort

• Factories converted to war production

• Mechanical pencils = bomb parts

• Bedspreads = mosquito nets

• Less chrome on cars

• Increased ship building

Rationing & Price Controls

• Rationing of rare goods to conserve resources during WWII

• Meat, sugar, coffee• Shoes, metal, gasoline • Price controls to stop

inflation

• War Production Board (WPB) Rationed fuel & materials vital to war effort

• Office of Price Administration (OPA) fought wartime inflation by freezing wages, prices and rent

Japanese Internment

• After Pearl Harbor many innocent Japanese Americans are sent to internment camps

• Hypocritical? • Many Americans falsely thought Japanese

immigrants were spies• 110,000 Japanese Americans put in 10

“relocation centers”, mostly on the West Coast

German Blitzkrieg

• Nazi military Strategy, quick moving military attacks

• Based on surprise and use of overwhelming force

Battle for the Atlantic

• Hitler order’s U-boat attacks on U.S. ships

• Hitler’s goal was to cut off Europe from U.S. supplies

• Allies use convoy ships with sonar to defeat Axis powers and take control of Atlantic

D-Day

• June 6, 1944

• Began the Battle of Normandy

• 3 million allied troops invade Nazi controlled Northern France

• Commanded by Dwight D. Eisenhower

• Land-Sea-Air assault• Allies liberate France from German control

Allied troops landing at Normandy

The Fall of Berlin

• April of 1945 the Soviet Army marches into Berlin, Germany’s capital

• German citizens and the gov’t panicked

• Hitler commits suicide

• May 8, 1945 Allies celebrate V-E day

• FDR dies on April 12, 1945

War in the Pacific

• Early on Japan dominate the Pacific WWII theater

• U.S. Navy is devastated from surprise attack on Pearl Harbor

• Battle of Midway is the turning point

• Allies slowly begin to take territory back from Japanese & move closer to Japan

Battle of MidwayJune 3, 1942

• Turning point in the Pacific War

• Allies break Japanese code & knew the small island of Midway was next target

• Caught Japanese off guard & destroyed 4 aircraft carriers and 250 combat planes

• How does the United States end WWII in the Pacific?

• What are the scientific, economic, and military implications of using nuclear warfare?

The Atomic Bomb

• Dropped Hiroshima & Nagasaki, Japan

• Why did U.S. feel forced to use nuclear weapons?

• Why was FDR not apart of this process?

• Who became President after FDR died?

Harry Truman

• 200,000 people die in Japan

WWII Propaganda• For each poster answer the following two

questions:

• Who is the poster’s target audience?

• Most important/appealing aspect of the poster

• After viewing all the posters answer the following question:

• Which Poster is most effective in getting its message across?

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda

WWII Propaganda