world war ii a true world war. prelude to the war nov. 11, 1918: world war i ends. nov. 11, 1918:...

17
World War II World War II A True World War A True World War

Upload: corinne-decoursey

Post on 01-Apr-2015

221 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

World War IIWorld War II

A True World WarA True World War

Page 2: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Prelude to The WarPrelude to The War

Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends.Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations is founded (precursor of the U.N.), Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations is founded (precursor of the U.N.),

Stalin rises to power in Russia, Mussolini takes power in Italy, U.S. Stock Stalin rises to power in Russia, Mussolini takes power in Italy, U.S. Stock Market crashes and Great Depression begins.Market crashes and Great Depression begins.

Sep. 18, 1931-34: Japan invades Manchuria, F.D.R. elected president, Sep. 18, 1931-34: Japan invades Manchuria, F.D.R. elected president, Hitler becomes Fuhrer of Germany under the Nazi party, creating a fascists Hitler becomes Fuhrer of Germany under the Nazi party, creating a fascists totalitarian government. totalitarian government.

Oct. 3, 1935: Italy invades Abyssinia.Oct. 3, 1935: Italy invades Abyssinia. Mar. 7, 1936: Hitler occupies the Rhineland in an attempt to bring the Mar. 7, 1936: Hitler occupies the Rhineland in an attempt to bring the

Arian Race to power and create a Third Reich, or Kingdom, centered in Arian Race to power and create a Third Reich, or Kingdom, centered in Germany .Germany .

Jul. 7 1937-38 Japan invades China, Germany annexes Austria, Munich Jul. 7 1937-38 Japan invades China, Germany annexes Austria, Munich pact, Germany occupies the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia and agrees to pact, Germany occupies the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia and agrees to stop taking land on threat of war from England and France.stop taking land on threat of war from England and France.

Nov. 9, 1938: “Kristallnacht” or The Night of Breaking Glass.Nov. 9, 1938: “Kristallnacht” or The Night of Breaking Glass.

Page 3: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Prelude to The War (II)Prelude to The War (II)

May 22, 1939 Nazi Germany and Italy sign May 22, 1939 Nazi Germany and Italy sign “Pact of Steel”“Pact of Steel”

Aug. 23, 1939 Germany and Soviet Union sign Aug. 23, 1939 Germany and Soviet Union sign Non-Aggression pact.Non-Aggression pact.

Page 4: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

The War Begins

• On September 1st of 1939, Nazi Germany invades Poland, crossing the agreed to line in the Munich conference. The Nazi forces attack in a blitzkrieg (lighting war) and soon have Poland.

• Immediate following the attack France and England join forces and declare war on Germany.

Page 5: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

U.S. Maintains NeutralityU.S. Maintains Neutrality

• When the war begins the U.S. reaffirms its When the war begins the U.S. reaffirms its Neutrality however in November of 1939 Neutrality however in November of 1939 F.D.R. institutes the “cash and carry” policy to F.D.R. institutes the “cash and carry” policy to aid the allies.aid the allies.

Page 6: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Quick Victories

• In the months to come Hitler’s troops will take Norway, Denmark, Holland, Luxembourg, Belgium, and in the end occupy France.

• These victories leave Britain to stand alone against the Nazi army.• In May of 1940 an aging Neville Chamberlain steps down from his

position as Prime Minister of Great Britain, largely for the mistake of letting Hitler occupy the Studentenland, he is succeeded by Winston Churchill.

• From May 26- June 4th 1940 the allies lose the battle for France culminating at Dunkirk. They proceeded to retreat across the English Channel using more than 860 ships, most private yachts, smaller boats and the like, to safely carry the men back to England.

Page 7: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

The Battle of Britain

• Hitler now controlled the land from Russia to the coast of France, and his eyes turned to the last opposing power, Britain.

• From July 10th through October 31st 1940 the Luftwaffe (the German air force) bombarded Britain with wave after wave of bombers to destroy London and other major cities.

• However the R.A.F. (Royal Air Force) soon gains the upper hand and Hitler abandons his dreams of taking England.

Page 8: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Japan joins the Axis of PowerJapan joins the Axis of Power

► In September of 1940 Japan signs the Tripartite Pact In September of 1940 Japan signs the Tripartite Pact and officially becomes part of the Axis of Power along and officially becomes part of the Axis of Power along with Nazi Germany and Italy.with Nazi Germany and Italy.

► Due to this latest development the U.S. imposes a trade Due to this latest development the U.S. imposes a trade embargo on Japan, cutting off any war supplies to the embargo on Japan, cutting off any war supplies to the string of islands.string of islands.

► In March of 1941 the U.S. passed the Lend-Lease Act, In March of 1941 the U.S. passed the Lend-Lease Act, at this point their support of the allies is apparent and at this point their support of the allies is apparent and Japan begins to formulate its plan to attack. Japan begins to formulate its plan to attack.

► Soon after the Axis of Power takes Yugoslavia and Soon after the Axis of Power takes Yugoslavia and Greece.Greece.

Page 9: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

The War in AfricaThe War in Africa

• One of Hitler's next steps in creating a Third Reich is to take Africa, and he has left Erwin Rommel (a.k.a. “The Desert Fox”) to lead his panzer division the Afrika Korps to do so.

• However Rommel’s progress is halted by a band of Australian troops in the port city of Tobruk.

Page 10: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Six Months and Four Major Events Six Months and Four Major Events

In June of 1941 Hitler orders a blitzkrieg attack on Russia In June of 1941 Hitler orders a blitzkrieg attack on Russia breaking the Non-Aggression Pact. His progress in the country breaking the Non-Aggression Pact. His progress in the country is halted at Stalingrad, this will be one of the last major is halted at Stalingrad, this will be one of the last major advances made by the Nazis for the remainder of the war advances made by the Nazis for the remainder of the war

Oct. 1941: Auschwitz work camp and Birkenau death camp Oct. 1941: Auschwitz work camp and Birkenau death camp open in Poland.open in Poland.

““Dec. 7Dec. 7thth, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the United , 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the United States was suddenly and deliberately attacked by the empire of States was suddenly and deliberately attacked by the empire of Japan.” – Franklin Delano Roosevelt after the attack on Pearl Japan.” – Franklin Delano Roosevelt after the attack on Pearl Harbor.Harbor.

Dec. 8Dec. 8thth, 1941: the U.S. declares war on the Axis Powers. , 1941: the U.S. declares war on the Axis Powers.

Page 11: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

19421942

• Mar 18th 1942: Japanese-American concentration camps open in the U.S.

• Apr 9th 1942: The U.S. surrender to Japanese at Bataan.• Jun. 4th 1942: Japanese attempt a surprise attack on Midway,

however they lose the battle (due to a failed desalination pump). This is considered one of the greatest naval victories in history.

• Aug. 7th 1942: American marines invade the island of Guadalcanal to take a Japanese airbase.

• British troops defeat Rommel at El Almein Egypt.• Nov 8th 1942: Operation Torch first American assault of the

war, used as a pincer mover to corner Rommel’s troops and end the African front.

Page 12: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

19431943

►Jan. 12Jan. 12thth 1943: the Nazi Troops are finally driven 1943: the Nazi Troops are finally driven out of Stalingrad.out of Stalingrad.

►Jul 10Jul 10thth 1943: Allied invasion of Sicily. 1943: Allied invasion of Sicily.►Nov. 20Nov. 20thth 1943: American troops invade Island 1943: American troops invade Island

of Tarawa and lose 2500 marines to take the well of Tarawa and lose 2500 marines to take the well fortified island. 4000 Japanese soldiers die and fortified island. 4000 Japanese soldiers die and only 17 are taken captive.only 17 are taken captive.

►Dec. 12Dec. 12thth 1943: the race has begun for the most 1943: the race has begun for the most destructive weapon of all time, the atom bomb. destructive weapon of all time, the atom bomb.

Page 13: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

D-Day: the Invasion of Normandy• Operation Overlord, commonly

known as D-day, was the code name given to the allied invasion of Normandy France which took place on June 6th 1944.

• During the early hours of the morning planes dropped allied paratroopers, including the 101st airborne, behind enemy lines. On the morning of the 6th the coast of France was assaulted by allied soldiers. most made little enemy contact for several miles inland however Utah and Omaha beaches suffered heavy causalities.

• The mission was a success and was hoped to end of the war by Christmas.

Page 14: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Operation MARKET-GARDENOperation MARKET-GARDEN

► A bold assault using the A bold assault using the 101101stst Airborne, and once Airborne, and once again dropping them again dropping them behind enemy lines to behind enemy lines to seize key bridges in seize key bridges in Holland for a straight Holland for a straight shot to Germany.shot to Germany.

► Needless to say it failed Needless to say it failed and cost 5,000 and cost 5,000 paratroopers their lives.paratroopers their lives.

Page 15: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Battle of Leyte Gulf

• October 23rd-26th 1944: General Macarthur returns to the Philippines to drive out the Japanese as he promised when his men were forced to retreat at the battle of Bataan.

• The Japanese lose 4 aircraft carriers, 3 battleships, 6 cruisers, and 14 destroyers and ultimately lose the battle.

• This is the first wide usage of the Kamikaze (meaning the divine wind) suicide attacks by the Japanese.

Page 16: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

The Battle of the Bulge

• Dec. 16th 1944- Jan. 28th 1945: After six months of driving the Nazis back, the allies find them selves stuck against stiff resistance and heavy artillery. The 101 becomes cut off in the woods just out side of the town of Bastogne.

• With little ammo, food, clothing, and men, the paratroopers hold out for a month.

• The paratroopers where rescued by General Patton, however to this day none of them will ever admit they needed to be rescued.

• Their stint in the forest earned them the name “The Battered Bastards of Bastogne.”

Page 17: World War II A True World War. Prelude to The War Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Nov. 11, 1918: World War I ends. Jan. 16, 1920-29: league of nations

Jan 26Jan 26thth 1945- the end. 1945- the end. Jan. 26Jan. 26thth 1945: Auschwitz work camp and 1945: Auschwitz work camp and

Birkenau death camp are liberated.Birkenau death camp are liberated. Feb.19Feb.19thth 1945: the Battle of Iwo Jima. 1945: the Battle of Iwo Jima. Apr 12Apr 12thth 1945: F.D.R. dies. 1945: F.D.R. dies. May 8May 8thth 1945: Hitler commits suicide with 1945: Hitler commits suicide with

wife and dog in a stronghold under wife and dog in a stronghold under bombardment from Russian forces. V-E bombardment from Russian forces. V-E day (Victory in Europe Day.)day (Victory in Europe Day.)

Aug. 6Aug. 6thth 1945: The U.S. drops the Atomic 1945: The U.S. drops the Atomic bombs Fat Man, and Little Boy, on Japan bombs Fat Man, and Little Boy, on Japan in the cities of Hiroshima, and three days in the cities of Hiroshima, and three days later Nagasaki, for the failure to send later Nagasaki, for the failure to send peace terms.peace terms.

Aug 14Aug 14thth 1945: V-J Day (Victory in Japan) 1945: V-J Day (Victory in Japan) this signals the end of the greatest and this signals the end of the greatest and bloodiest war the world has ever seen, and bloodiest war the world has ever seen, and the end of “civilized combat.”the end of “civilized combat.”

Ushering in the atomic age and the Cold Ushering in the atomic age and the Cold War.War.