Michael Faraday:Faraday's law of induction

Born 22 September 1791Newington Butts, Surrey, EnglandDied 25 August 1867 (aged 75)Hampton Court, Middlesex, England

AWARDSRoyal Medal  (1835 & 1846)Copley Medal  (1832 & 1838)Rumford Medal  (1846)

Faraday's work:

Faraday's law of inductionElectrochemistryFaraday effectFaraday cage

Faraday constantFaraday cup

Faraday's laws of electrolysisFaraday paradoxFaraday rotator

Faraday-efficiency effectFaraday waveFaraday wheelLines of force

World without Faraday:

Life without Electricity:

NO temprature controlNo processed foodNo refrigeratorsNo hot water bath in winterNo metro, No trainNo multifloor buildingsNo TV, Computer, Internet No dishwasher or washing Machineetc

Faraday ǂ Electicity

Faraday = EMI

Faraday = Electricity generated by principle of EMI

Need to Look beyond:

Electricity without EMI:

i

Carnot Engine Solar CellsBatteriesRTGsWindstalkPiezoelectric PanelFlying Wind FarmsThermocouple Stirling Radioisotope Generator (SRG) thermionic converter

WindsTalk:

Devised as a potential clean energy generation project/tourist attraction for Abu Dhabi’s  Masdar City, the Windstalk concept consists of 1,203 carbon fiber reinforced resin poles, which stand 55 meters (180 feet) high and are anchored to the ground in concrete bases that range between 10 and 20 meters (33-66 ft) in diameter. The poles, which measure 30cm (12 in.) in diameter at the

base, tapering up to a diameter of 5cm (2 in.) at the top, are packed with a stack of piezoelectric ceramic discs.

Between the discs are electrodes that are connected by cables that run the length of each pole – one cable

connects the even electrodes, while another connects the odd ones.

WindsTalk:

WindsTalk:

WindsTalk:

Instead of relying on the wind to turn a turbine to generate electricity, when the pole sways in the wind, the stack of piezoelectric discs are compressed,

generating a current through the electrodes. In a nice visual way to indicate how much – if any – power the poles are generating, the top 50cm (20 in.) of

each pole is fitted with an LED lamp that glows and dims relative to the amount of power. So when the wind stops, the LED’s go dark.

As a way to maximize the amount of electricity the Windstalk farm would generate, the concept also places a torque generator within the concrete

base of each pole. As the poles sway, fluid is forced through the cylinders of an array of current generating shock absorbers to convert the kinetic energy

of the swaying poles into electrical energy.

Storage:

Below the field of poles would be two large chambers located on top of each other and shaped like the bases of the poles but inverted

When the wind is blowing, part of the electricity generated is used to power a set of pumps that moves water from the lower chamber to the upper one.

Then, when the wind dies down, the water flows from the upper chamber down to the lower chamber, turning the pumps into generators

Storage:

Windstalk: Optimization-

THE CONCEPT also places a torque generator within the concrete base of each pole. As the poles sway, fluid is

forced through the cylinders of an array of current generating shock absorbers to convert the kinetic energy of the swaying poles into electrical energy.

Vibro-Wind Piezoelectric Pads:

A novel type of  wind energy  generator that vibrates in the wind rather than cutting the

breeze like a turbine. Dubbed  Vibro-Wind, the design consists of a series of pads attached to piezoelectric cells that generate current when the pads flutter in the wind. This low-impact

design could revolutionize localized renewable energy while providing a safer alternative to bird

and bat-unfriendly turbines.

Vibro-Wind Piezoelectric Pads:

Vibro-Wind Piezoelectric Pads:

Each of the Vibro-Wind’s individual pads generates just a trickle of energy, but when framed in an array they’re capable of producing a significant amount of usable electricity. They can be easily attached to the facades of large

buildings (where there is a constant breeze) or to any outdoor surface.And because turbulence does not negatively affect the

amount of energy produced, the oscillating wind panels can be placed in all kinds of places you would never dream of putting a traditional airfoil-based wind generator.Whereas traditional wind turbines have raised concerns

about noise and are disruptive to bats and birds, the Vibro-Wind offers a low-impact, nearly silent alternative.

Flying Wind Farm:

A prototype planned by Italian start-up  TWIND  has a pair of balloons at 2,600 feet. The open sails move antagonistically so while one moves downwind the other moves upwind. This movement spins a turbine to generate power. The option of offshore flying wind turbines is also being explored to solve the airspace competition issue.

Advantages:At higher altitudes, wind has more power and velocity and is more consistently predictable. As power generated goes up because of higher wind resistance proportional to the cube of relative velocity, more power can be generated. That works out to be some 8 – 27 times the power produced at ground level.

Flying Wind Farm:

Radioisotope thermoelectric generator:

The design of an RTG is simple by the standards of  nuclear technology: the main component is a sturdy container of a radioactive material (the fuel).  Thermocouples  are placed in

the walls of the container, with the outer end of each thermocouple connected to a  heat sink. Radioactive decay of

the fuel produces heat which flows through the thermocouples to the heat sink, generating electricity in the process.

Problems with Non-EMI:

Scale Storage EfficiencyTechnologyCapitalSide-EffectsAwarenessMindset

Good , Bad or Insufficient:

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Presentation Prepared by :

BHUWAN and VISHU