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Worst case scenario: having to spend a night in wilderness situation What should you have in your packs to prepare for this situation?

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Simple, light, essential items Ask yourself the What if questions

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Shelter Fire Water Food

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Matches, lighter, metal match Clear plastic sheeting Contractor trash bags Gallon ziplock bags Lightweight cooking pot Cordage Knife Space blanket Water purification Duct tape Try to think of items which either have MULTIPLE uses or are NECESSARY

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Always have more than one way to start a fire Never rely on just one method Your life may depend on it!!

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Inexpensive Widely available Easy to carry Downside: needs some fine motor movement

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Waterproof matches Waterproof container

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Can coat cotton balls with vaseline Untreated will burn about 30 seconds Treated can burn for 3-5 minutes

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Protection from: Wind Rain Snow Able to have a fire for warmth

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Clear plastic sheeting 10 to 20 feet in your pack Hardware, Walmart, etc Uses: Ground cloth Shelter building Rain / snow poncho

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Contractor Trash Bags Home Depot, Lowes, etc 4 or 5 in your pack Uses: Ground cloth Shelter building Rain / snow poncho

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Large enough to boil several cups of water Small enough and light enough to carry in a pack

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Dehydration can occur quickly in cold weather Can purify water Calories for warmth! Soup Hot chocolate Etc.

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Stainless 1 liter water bottle Get the wide mouth Unscrew lid before boiling

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Tin foil can be easily shaped into a bowl Take a large sheet, fold it many times into a small space Not durable

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A few different types Usually a tablet or liquid drops Small, fits easily into a pack

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Keep tinder (or other supplies) dry Can be used to hold water 3 or 4 in your pack

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Water purification Can have 2 or 3 gallons of water ready to drink Difficult to carry

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Parachute cord best Comprised of several threads 50 to 75 feet

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A knife that can chop if needed Full-tang fixed blade is best A sturdy lock-blade good too

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Dry soup mix or dry rice mix Hot chocolate packets Peanut M&Ms or Snickers Whistle Red / Orange surveyors tape Small flashlight / Headlamp Tin Foil (folded)

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Cotton: Worst Loves moisture! Loses 90% of insulating value when wet and wicks heat 25 times faster than when dry

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Polypropylene Good base layer Wicks moisture from the skin to outer layers of clothing

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Goose down Light, great insulation when dry Sucks up moisture worse than cotton Loses all insulating value when wet

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Wool: my favorite Will wick moisture, but slowly Maintains its insulation value even when wet Downside: can be heavy

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Polyester: Not just for the 70s anymore Resists water Retains a lot of insulating value even when wet Lighter and more compact than wool

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Base Layers: Designed to trap warmth against the body Remove moisture to outer layers Polypropylene good Insulating Layers: Can be added or removed to control sweating

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Environmental Layer Windbreaker Waterproof layer or water-resistant layer Fairly loose and easy to vent out moisture Multiple thin layers is much better than one thick one Can be adjusted to prevent sweating

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When youre lost, smoke your pipe Sit down, relax Think Observe / Options Plan Act Walk Out? Stay Put?