wp.optics.arizona.edu · web viewcanon br organic lens (glapo heir). features ( canon ef 35mm...

R.A.Buchroeder

Some Curious Optical Designs

21 November, 2019

l. Objective with BK7 , LF5 and one DOE.

5 0 0 m m e f l f 2 . 9 b i n a r y . Z M X

L a y o u tB i n a r y 5 0 0 m m f / 2 . 9 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 6 1 4 . 7 4 0 8 7 m m

Surf Type Radius Thickness Glass Diameter Conic Comment OBJ STANDARD Infinity Infinity 0 0 1 STANDARD 203.3847 38.46156 N-BK7 228.9462 0 2 STANDARD 1386.154 1.538462 221.41 0 3 STANDARD 310.3078 19.23078 N-BK7 208.0087 0.094 4 STANDARD 596.308 15.69232 198.6282 0

5 STANDARD 343.3079 11.53847 LF5 176.0097 0 6 STANDARD 177.8462 35.23079 159.3546 0.424 STO BINARY_2 Infinity 4.615387 N-BK7 129.8 0 BINARY DOE 8 STANDARD Infinity 6.92308 142.5328 0 9 STANDARD -719.7696 9.230774 LF5 143.3334 0 10 STANDARD 381.9233 5.076925 147.0069 9.67 11 STANDARD 378.9233 19.23078 N-BK7 150.2459 8.65 12 STANDARD Infinity 38.84617 152.967 0 13 STANDARD -718.1542 13.84616 LF5 164.693 10.58 14 STANDARD -1386.154 74.76927 169.3837 0 15 STANDARD 343.3079 24.6154 N-BK7 206.5519 0 16 STANDARD Infinity 91.15389 207.1073 0 17 STANDARD 544.231 19.23078 N-BK7 215.1203 -5.13 18 STANDARD Infinity 158.3847 214.4404 0 19 STANDARD -225.6924 11.53847 N-BK7 200.2324 -1.35 20 STANDARD 1386.154 15.58675 207.3389 0 IMA STANDARD Infinity 199.8148 0


- 2 0 - 1 6 - 1 2 - 8 - 4 0 4 8 1 2 1 6 2 00 . 4 7 5

0 . 4 9 7 5

0 . 5 2

0 . 5 4 2 5

0 . 5 6 5

0 . 5 8 7 5

0 . 6 1

0 . 6 3 2 5

0 . 6 5 5

0 . 6 7 7 5

0 . 7

F o c a l S h i f t i n µ m

Wavelength in µm C h r o m a t i c F o c a l S h i f t

B i n a r y 5 0 0 m m f / 2 . 9 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F o c a l S h i f t R a n g e : 2 5 . 7 2 6 9 µ mD i f f r a c t i o n L i m i t e d R a n g e : 1 8 . 3 6 6 µ mP u p i l Z o n e : 0 . 7 0 0 0

0 7 6 1 5 2 2 2 8 3 0 4 3 8 0 4 5 6 5 3 2 6 0 8 6 8 4 7 6 00 . 0

0 . 1

0 . 2

0 . 3

0 . 4

0 . 5

0 . 6

0 . 7

0 . 8

0 . 9

1 . 0

S p a t i a l F r e q u e n c y i n c y c l e s p e r m m

T S 0 . 0 0 ( d e g )T S 5 . 0 0 ( d e g )

T S 7 . 0 0 ( d e g )T S 1 0 . 0 0 ( d e g )

T S 1 0 . 8 0 ( d e g )

T S 1 1 . 3 0 ( d e g )


Modulus of the OTF

P o l y c h r o m a t i c D i f f r a c t i o n M T FB i n a r y 5 0 0 m m f / 2 . 9 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9D a t a f o r 0 . 4 7 5 0 t o 0 . 7 0 0 0 µ m .S u r f a c e : I m a g e

2. Canon dual and triple element DOEs.

3. GLAPO background. Alternative to Fluorite.

4. Larson 3.8 meter f/1.2 with GLAPO.

L a r s o n 3 m e t e r 5 5 0 2 0 6 G l a p o 0 4 1 9 1 6 A . z m x

L a y o u t3 . 5 8 M g l a p o = 3 M e q u i v a l e n t p e r f e c t a p e r t u r e1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 4 3 0 3 . 3 9 7 7 9 m m


L a y o u t3 . 5 8 M g l a p o = 3 M e q u i v a l e n t p e r f e c t a p e r t u r e1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 0 . 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s


L a y o u t3 . 5 8 M g l a p o = 3 M e q u i v a l e n t p e r f e c t a p e r t u r e1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 0 . 5 0 0 0 4 0 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s

e x o t i c l i q u i d

C a r g i l l e 5 5 0 2 0 3

S u r f a c e : I M A

20.00

I M A : - 0 . 0 0 0 m m I M A : 3 7 . 5 0 5 m m

I M A : 5 2 . 4 5 0 m m I M A : 7 4 . 9 8 6 m m

0 . 4 5 0 0 0 . 5 8 0 0 0 . 8 0 0 0


S p o t D i a g r a m3 . 5 8 M g l a p o = 3 M e q u i v a l e n t p e r f e c t a p e r t u r e1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 0 . 8 4 9 3 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4R M S r a d i u s : 3 . 3 4 9 3 . 6 4 5 4 . 6 8 3 5 . 4 9 8G E O r a d i u s : 1 1 . 3 4 0 1 2 . 4 4 7 1 2 . 4 8 7 1 3 . 4 9 9C i r c l e d i a m : 2 0 R e f e r e n c e : C e n t r o i d

1 a r c - s e c o n d

5. Canon BR Organic Lens (GLAPO heir).

Features (Canon EF 35mm f/1.4L II USM)

L-series wide-angle single focus lens introduces Canon's newly-developed optical element, BR Optics*, which helps produce impressively high quality images by helping to maximize performance and reduce chromatic aberration.

Two aspheric lenses and one UD lens help provide a high level of image quality.

Improved durability for use in harsh environments helps ensure reliability and dependability.

Subwavelength Coating (SWC) helps significantly reduce lens ghosting and flare.

Shortest minimum focusing distance in its class (0.28m) and increased maximum magnification (0.21x) help expand the range of expression, especially when capturing close-up subjects.

Fluorine coating on front and rear lens surfaces helps reduce smears and fingerprints.

High-grade design for optimum operability with a luxurious feel.

* Blue Spectrum Refractive Optics

6. Crystal lens element: CHROMACORR.

C h r o m a c o r o p t i m i z e d C 6 0 5 0 4 1 7 A . z m x

L a y o u to p t i m i z e d ' c h r o m a c o r ' c o n c e p t1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 1 2 3 8 . 7 0 1 2 8 m m

6

6 i n c h f 8 a c h r o m a t

C h r o m a c o r r m o d e l l e d


L a y o u to p t i m i z e d ' c h r o m a c o r ' c o n c e p t1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 1 . 0 0 0 0 2 0 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s

s t r o n t i u m t i t a n a t e

O b j e c t i v e p r i m e f o c u s

c o r r e c t e d f o c u s


L a y o u to p t i m i z e d ' c h r o m a c o r ' c o n c e p t1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 4 . 0 0 0 0 5 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s

s t r o n t i u m t i t a n a t e


40.00

O B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 0 . 0 0 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 0 5 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 1 . 0 6 1 m m

O B J : 0 . 0 7 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 1 . 4 8 5 m m

O B J : 0 . 1 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 2 . 1 2 1 m m

0 . 4 8 6 1 0 . 5 4 6 0 0 . 6 5 6 3


S p o t D i a g r a mo p t i m i z e d ' c h r o m a c o r ' c o n c e p t1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 5 . 3 3 9 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4R M S r a d i u s : 1 . 1 7 6 2 . 6 7 6 3 . 6 3 9 5 . 3 3 9G E O r a d i u s : 3 . 7 4 6 6 . 3 9 3 8 . 6 0 1 1 1 . 6 2 8B o x w i d t h : 4 0 R e f e r e n c e : C e n t r o i d


- 1 0 0 - 8 0 - 6 0 - 4 0 - 2 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 1 0 00 . 4 8 6 1

0 . 5 0 3 1

0 . 5 2 0 2

0 . 5 3 7 2

0 . 5 5 4 2

0 . 5 7 1 2

0 . 5 8 8 2

0 . 6 0 5 2

0 . 6 2 2 2

0 . 6 3 9 3

0 . 6 5 6 3



o p t i m i z e d ' c h r o m a c o r ' c o n c e p t1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F o c a l S h i f t R a n g e : 1 3 2 . 7 7 9 5 µ mD i f f r a c t i o n L i m i t e d R a n g e : 1 4 0 . 3 2 0 µ mP u p i l Z o n e : 0 . 7 0 0 0

7. DUPLOV Apochromat with ordinary glass.

6 i n c h D u p l o v 3 e l e m e n t p r i n c i p l e 0 8 2 0 1 2 . z m x

L a y o u t6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 3 e l e m e n t s o n l y1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 2 1 3 3 . 1 4 0 5 5 m m

System/Prescription Data

File : C:\Users\Owner\Pictures\6 inch Duplov 3 element principle 082012.zmxTitle: 6in f12 Duplov 3 elements onlyDate : 11/14/2019

LENS NOTES:

Notes...

SURFACE DATA SUMMARY:

Surf Type Radius Thickness Glass Diameter Conic Comment OBJ STANDARD Infinity Infinity 0 0 STO STANDARD 778.9194 25 SF4 150.0632 0 2 STANDARD 1288.693 1409.546 148.3652 0 3 STANDARD 184.1753 25 SK16 91.35443 0 4 STANDARD -323.703 15 SF4 87.80873 0 5 STANDARD 270.6774 658.5942 83.94388 0 IMA STANDARD -202.4187 34.50656 0


10000.00

O B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 0 . 0 0 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 1 2 5 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 3 . 7 1 5 m m

O B J : 0 . 2 5 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 7 . 4 2 9 m m

O B J : 0 . 5 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 1 4 . 8 4 5 m m

0 . 3 6 5 0 0 . 4 3 6 0 0 . 4 8 6 1 0 . 5 4 6 1 0 . 6 5 6 3 0 . 7 5 0 0


S p o t D i a g r a m6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 3 e l e m e n t s o n l y1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 7 . 5 6 3 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4R M S r a d i u s : 1 3 . 8 8 6 2 5 9 . 9 9 4 5 1 8 . 9 5 1 1 0 4 0 . 9 0G E O r a d i u s : 3 1 . 0 0 2 5 8 8 . 4 1 2 1 1 7 7 . 2 5 2 4 0 4 . 3 6S c a l e b a r : 1 e + 0 0 4 R e f e r e n c e : C h i e f R a y


- 2 0 0 0 - 1 6 0 0 - 1 2 0 0 - 8 0 0 - 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 8 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 6 0 0 2 0 0 00 . 3 6 5

0 . 4 0 3 5

0 . 4 4 2

0 . 4 8 0 5

0 . 5 1 9

0 . 5 5 7 5

0 . 5 9 6

0 . 6 3 4 5

0 . 6 7 3

0 . 7 1 1 5

0 . 7 5



6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 3 e l e m e n t s o n l y1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F o c a l S h i f t R a n g e : 1 3 5 8 . 9 5 6 1 µ mD i f f r a c t i o n L i m i t e d R a n g e : 2 8 1 . 5 1 7 µ mP u p i l Z o n e : 0 . 7 0 0 0

6 i n c h D u p l o v S I M P L E S T 4 E L E M E N T 0 8 2 0 1 2 . z m x

L a y o u t6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 4 E L E M E N T S 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 3 4 0 2 . 8 3 3 4 9 m m


File : C:\Users\Owner\Pictures\6 inch Duplov SIMPLEST 4 ELEMENT 082012.zmxTitle: 6in f12 Duplov 4 ELEMENTS Date : 11/14/2019

LENS NOTES:

Notes...


Surf Type Radius Thickness Glass Diameter Conic Comment OBJ STANDARD Infinity Infinity 0 0 STO STANDARD 1196.716 25 SF4 150.0411 0 2 STANDARD 2351.312 1620.044 149.0075 0 3 STANDARD 275.0003 25 SK16 102.6284 0 4 STANDARD -1209.233 15 SF4 99.53558 0 5 STANDARD 297.449 1437.856 96.66375 0 6 STANDARD 283.565 20 SF4 96.18087 0 7 STANDARD 1944.484 259.934 93.67006 0 IMA STANDARD -324.7617 31.45079 0


100.00

O B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 0 . 0 0 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 1 2 5 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 3 . 9 2 7 m m

O B J : 0 . 2 5 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 7 . 8 5 2 m m

O B J : 0 . 5 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 1 5 . 6 9 2 m m

0 . 3 6 5 0 0 . 4 3 6 0 0 . 4 8 6 1 0 . 5 4 6 1 0 . 6 5 6 3 0 . 7 5 0 0


S p o t D i a g r a m6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 4 E L E M E N T S 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 8 . 0 0 6 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4R M S r a d i u s : 8 . 0 6 3 8 . 5 8 7 9 . 8 6 9 1 1 . 6 0 9G E O r a d i u s : 1 4 . 9 6 1 1 7 . 5 6 6 2 4 . 2 3 4 2 8 . 8 4 2S c a l e b a r : 1 0 0 R e f e r e n c e : C h i e f R a y


- 1 0 0 0 - 8 0 0 - 6 0 0 - 4 0 0 - 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 4 0 0 6 0 0 8 0 0 1 0 0 00 . 3 6 5

0 . 4 0 3 5

0 . 4 4 2

0 . 4 8 0 5

0 . 5 1 9

0 . 5 5 7 5

0 . 5 9 6

0 . 6 3 4 5

0 . 6 7 3

0 . 7 1 1 5

0 . 7 5



6 i n f 1 2 D u p l o v 4 E L E M E N T S 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F o c a l S h i f t R a n g e : 7 5 4 . 2 9 3 9 µ mD i f f r a c t i o n L i m i t e d R a n g e : 3 1 5 . 4 6 2 µ mP u p i l Z o n e : 0 . 7 0 0 0

8. ZEROCHROMAT /OFFNER null lens.

Z e r o c h r o m a t A 1 1 1 3 1 9 . Z M X

L a y o u t8 i n c h f / 1 2 z e r o c h r o m a t m o d e l l e d1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 5 5 2 7 . 7 8 8 0 2 m m


L a y o u t8 i n c h f / 1 2 z e r o c h r o m a t m o d e l l e d1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 1 6 5 3 . 7 3 0 6 3 m m


L a y o u t8 i n c h f / 1 2 z e r o c h r o m a t m o d e l l e d1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 8 2 0 . 6 3 8 3 3 m m


40.00

O B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 0 . 0 0 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 1 5 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 6 . 3 8 1 m m

O B J : 0 . 2 1 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 8 . 9 3 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 3 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 1 2 . 7 4 7 m m

0 . 4 8 6 1 0 . 5 8 7 6 0 . 6 5 6 3


S p o t D i a g r a m8 i n c h f / 1 2 z e r o c h r o m a t m o d e l l e d1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 8 . 6 0 2 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4R M S r a d i u s : 4 . 6 4 7 4 . 1 3 7 3 . 8 0 4 3 . 6 5 5G E O r a d i u s : 8 . 2 0 9 1 4 . 7 5 0 1 2 . 2 1 5 1 2 . 4 5 5S c a l e b a r : 4 0 R e f e r e n c e : C h i e f R a y


- 2 0 0 - 1 6 0 - 1 2 0 - 8 0 - 4 0 0 4 0 8 0 1 2 0 1 6 0 2 0 00 . 4 8 6 1

0 . 5 0 3 1

0 . 5 2 0 2

0 . 5 3 7 2

0 . 5 5 4 2

0 . 5 7 1 2

0 . 5 8 8 2

0 . 6 0 5 2

0 . 6 2 2 2

0 . 6 3 9 3

0 . 6 5 6 3



8 i n c h f / 1 2 z e r o c h r o m a t m o d e l l e d1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F o c a l S h i f t R a n g e : 2 1 3 . 0 5 3 0 µ mD i f f r a c t i o n L i m i t e d R a n g e : 3 3 8 . 4 6 9 µ mP u p i l Z o n e : 0 . 7 0 0 0

9. An ultrawide angle Eyepiece.

W A 9 m m a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 0 8 1 9 . Z M X

L a y o u t1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9T o t a l A x i a l L e n g t h : 1 2 9 8 . 7 6 8 3 4 m m

d u m m y 5d u m m y 5

d u m m y 5 i n c h f 9 o b j e c t i v e

1 1 . 6 m m e f l e y e p i e c e

9 2 d e g a f o v


L a y o u t1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 1 . 0 0 0 0 2 0 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s

o b j e c t i v e p r i m e f o c u s

e x i t p u p i l

i n t e r m e d i a t e f o c u s


L a y o u t1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9S c a l e : 4 . 0 0 0 0 5 . 0 0 M i l l i m e t e r s


50.00

O B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

I M A : 0 . 0 0 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 0 9 3 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 1 . 9 5 1 m m

O B J : 0 . 1 8 6 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 3 . 9 9 6 m m

O B J : 0 . 2 7 9 0 ( d e g )

I M A : - 6 . 2 6 0 m m

O B J : 0 . 3 7 2 6 ( d e g )

I M A : - 8 . 9 6 3 m m

O B J : 0 . 4 6 5 7 ( d e g )

I M A : - 1 2 . 4 2 6 m m

0 . 4 8 6 1 0 . 5 8 7 6 0 . 6 5 6 3


S p o t D i a g r a m1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9 U n i t s a r e µ m . A i r y R a d i u s : 6 . 7 7 3 µ mF i e l d : 1 2 3 4 5 6R M S r a d i u s : 4 . 5 4 9 5 . 7 0 6 7 . 8 9 2 8 . 0 5 5 6 . 5 4 5 1 0 . 8 5 5G E O r a d i u s : 1 0 . 4 5 1 1 8 . 4 8 5 2 5 . 9 9 2 2 5 . 0 0 9 1 4 . 6 2 0 2 2 . 5 8 7S c a l e b a r : 5 0 R e f e r e n c e : C h i e f R a y

Approximately 2mm exit pupil

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 0 0 0 0 ( d e g )

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 0 9 3 0 ( d e g )

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 1 8 6 0 ( d e g )

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 2 7 9 0 ( d e g )

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 3 7 2 6 ( d e g )

P y P x

WWO B J : 0 . 4 6 5 7 ( d e g )


O p t i c a l P a t h D i f f e r e n c e1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m S c a l e : ± 1 . 0 0 0 W a v e s .0 . 4 8 6 0 . 5 8 8 0 . 6 5 6

S u r f a c e : I m a g e


File : C:\Users\Owner\Pictures\WA 9mm asph field lens 110819.ZMXTitle: 11.6mm 92 deg asph field lens Date : 11/14/2019

LENS NOTES:

Both SA of pupil and lateral color of the pupil (that causes 'ring of fire') are corrected.


Surf Type Radius Thickness Glass Diameter Conic Comment OBJ STANDARD Infinity Infinity 0 0 STO STANDARD Infinity 0 127 0 2 PARAXIAL - 1143 0 - dummy objective 3 STANDARD Infinity -20.67609 18.58101 0 4 STANDARD -152.9 3 SK16 20.5751 0 A 5 STANDARD 21.7 12 20.53882 0 6 STANDARD -13.3 11 SK16 22.86267 0 B 7 STANDARD -18.5 21.1 33.4243 0 8 STANDARD 50.8 10 SK16 57.02464 0 C 9 STANDARD 120 17.8 56.08419 0 10 STANDARD Infinity 10 ACRYLIC 55.56551 0 E aspheric 11 EVENASPH -60 10.7 55.39694 -10.1

12 STANDARD 103.8 18 BK7 57.64817 0 F 13 STANDARD -56.4 1 56.96725 0 14 STANDARD Infinity 5 N-SF11 48.44541 0 G 15 STANDARD 22.7 20 SK16 39.89384 0 H 16 STANDARD -132.6 0.7 38.05757 0 17 STANDARD 19.5 11.6 SK16 31.45589 0 I 18 STANDARD 55.6 12.54443 24.97877 0 19 STANDARD Infinity 0 1.927772 0 exit pupil 20 PARAXIAL - 12 1.927772 - 21 STANDARD Infinity 0 0 0 IMA STANDARD Infinity 24.86752 0

- 5 0- 2 . 0 0 00 . 0 0 5 02 . 0 0D i o p t e r s P e r c e n t

+ Y + Y

F i e l d C u r v a t u r e D i s t o r t i o nT S T ST S


F i e l d C u r v a t u r e / F - T a n ( T h e t a ) D i s t o r t i o n1 1 . 6 m m 9 2 d e g a s p h f i e l d l e n s 1 1 / 1 4 / 2 0 1 9M a x i m u m F i e l d i s 0 . 4 6 6 D e g r e e s .W a v e l e n g t h s : 0 . 4 8 6 0 . 5 8 8 0 . 6 5 6

c h a n g e d o v e r t o a f o c a l a n a l y s i s

10. Audience Q&A

***********

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