writing & speaking for business by william h. baker chapter two
TRANSCRIPT
Writing & Speaking
for BusinessBy William H. Baker
Chapter Two
The Four Major Phases of Writing
Content Determine the information you want to communicate
Organization Arrange the content into an appropriate structure, preferably using an outline to arrange information in an appropriate hierarchy and sequence.
Writing Compose and revise all the sentences and paragraphs.
Design Add appropriate visual elements, such as headings, art, typographic enhancements, and spacing.
Chapter 2 Agenda
1 Clarify Your Purpose
3 Choose the Best Channels
5 Evaluate the Outline
2 Analyze the Audience
4 Create an Outline
6 Select an Effective Strategy
Clarify Your Purpose
Analyze the Audience
Analyze Audience Emotions
Negative Neutral Positive
Frustrated Passive Interested
Defensive Complacent Motivated
Angry Apathetic Excited
Hostile Aloof Happy
Choose the Best Channels
Channel Evaluation Factors
Create an Outline
DetailDetailDetail
Category
DetailDetailDetail
Category
Main Message
Top-down Outlining(Categories down to details)
Bottom-up Outlining(Details up to categories)
Top-Down Outlining
On-the-Job Injuries1. Impact of occupational injuries on workplace
A. Injury statisticsB. Death statistics
2. Major causes of injuriesA. OverexertionB. FallsC. Contact with objects or equipment
3. Most Injury-prone industriesA. MiningB. ConstructionC. ManufacturingD. Agriculture
4. Prevention StrategiesA. TrainingB. Workplace design
On-the-Job Injuries1. Impact of occupational injuries on workplace
A. Injury statisticsB. Death statistics
2. Major causes of injuriesA. OverexertionB. FallsC. Contact with objects or equipment
3. Most Injury-prone industriesA. MiningB. ConstructionC. ManufacturingD. Agriculture
4. Prevention StrategiesA. TrainingB. Workplace designT
radi
tiona
l Out
line
Tra
ditio
nal O
utlin
e
Top-Down Outlining
Tree Structure
Top-Down Outlining
Why a New Training Director
Errors Increasing
Errors Increasing
MoreEmployees
MoreEmployees
BurdenedLine Mgrs.BurdenedLine Mgrs.
Need Tng.StandardsNeed Tng.Standards
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Min
d M
apM
ind
Map
Bottom-Up Outlining
Three Steps 1.Create “free list”2.Classify into categories3.Choose best sequence
Free List Categories Sequence
Evaluate the Outline
5 Tests
Effective Strategy
3 Strategy Decisions1 Logic Emotion Both logic & emotion2 Positive Negative Both positive & negative3 Direct Indirect