WWIWWI

“THE “THE GREAT GREAT WAR”WAR”

WWIWWI

“THE “THE GREAT GREAT WAR”WAR”

M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI

M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI

MilitarismMilitarismMilitarismMilitarism

As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their build up their militarymilitary strength too strength too..

As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their build up their militarymilitary strength too strength too..

•Nations Nations increase increase

their their military military

strength to strength to reach their reach their

goals.goals.

AlliancesAlliances• Defense agreements

between nations to aid

each other, especially

during war.

• Defense agreements

between nations to aid

each other, especially

during war.

Imperialism•A

nation’s desire to grow and expand its territories.

NationalismNationalism The

feeling of intense

pride and loyalty to

one's country

The feeling of intense

pride and loyalty to

one's country

Two wounded Two wounded British soldiers British soldiers

walk with walk with wounded wounded

German soldier.German soldier.

IE: Intense patriotism to the IE: Intense patriotism to the point that one is willing to point that one is willing to

sacrifice and even lay down sacrifice and even lay down their life.their life.

Short Term Cause of WWIShort Term Cause of WWI

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-

Hungarian Empire, was the

spark that caused the war,

on June 28, 1914.

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-

Hungarian Empire, was the

spark that caused the war,

on June 28, 1914.

The Archduke The Archduke was killed by was killed by 19 year old 19 year old

Gavrilio Princip Gavrilio Princip member of the member of the ““Black Hand,Black Hand,”” a a

SerbianSerbian nationalist nationalist group who group who believed believed Austro-Austro-

Hungarian rule Hungarian rule would destroy would destroy his homeland.his homeland.

Picture during the arrest. Picture during the arrest.

France British Empire Serbia Belgium Russia United States

France British Empire Serbia Belgium Russia United States

Major Allied PowersMajor Allied Powers

Central PowersCentral PowersCentral PowersCentral Powers German EmpireGerman Empire Austro-Austro-

Hungarian Hungarian EmpireEmpire

Ottoman Ottoman EmpireEmpire

BulgariaBulgaria

German EmpireGerman Empire Austro-Austro-

Hungarian Hungarian EmpireEmpire

Ottoman Ottoman EmpireEmpire

BulgariaBulgaria

Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire

(Turkey), (Turkey), Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro

Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary). Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary).

Reasons for Reasons for United States United States

Entry into Entry into WWIWWI

Day 2Day 2

Reasons for Reasons for United States United States

Entry into Entry into WWIWWI

Day 2Day 2

Reasons for United States

Involvement in WWI

Reasons for United States

Involvement in WWI

The U.S. could The U.S. could no longer no longer

remain remain neutralneutral in face of in face of increasing increasing

threatsthreats to its to its national national

interests.interests.

The U.S. could The U.S. could no longer no longer

remain remain neutralneutral in face of in face of increasing increasing

threatsthreats to its to its national national

interests.interests.

3. German 3. German submarinesubmarine warfare (to warfare (to prevent supplies prevent supplies from reaching from reaching England): sinking England): sinking of the of the Lusitania.Lusitania.

The Germans shot The Germans shot at any ships at any ships

without warning without warning — a violation of — a violation of

international lawinternational law.

3. German 3. German submarinesubmarine warfare (to warfare (to prevent supplies prevent supplies from reaching from reaching England): sinking England): sinking of the of the Lusitania.Lusitania.

The Germans shot The Germans shot at any ships at any ships

without warning without warning — a violation of — a violation of

international lawinternational law.

Unrestricted German Submarine Warfare

Interception of the Interception of the Zimmerman TelegramZimmerman Telegram

Interception of the Interception of the Zimmerman TelegramZimmerman Telegram

4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.

This outraged Americans!

4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.

This outraged Americans!

April 6, 1917April 6, 1917: : Congress declared Congress declared war on Germany. war on Germany.

The End The End of WWI of WWI

& the & the war’s war’s

AftermathAftermath

Day 3Day 3

The End The End of WWI of WWI

& the & the war’s war’s

AftermathAftermath

Day 3Day 3

What occurred when What occurred when American troops went to war?American troops went to war?

What occurred when What occurred when American troops went to war?American troops went to war?

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson

provided leadership during the war, along with his commander,

General John Pershing, who led the American American Expeditionary Force Expeditionary Force of

American soldiers, called doughboys, in

Europe.

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson

provided leadership during the war, along with his commander,

General John Pershing, who led the American American Expeditionary Force Expeditionary Force of

American soldiers, called doughboys, in

Europe.

On October 4, 1918

-the Germans requeste

d an armistice

, or an agreement to end

the fighting.

On October 4, 1918

-the Germans requeste

d an armistice

, or an agreement to end

the fighting.

ArmisticeArmisticeThe armistice began on November 11, 1918.11th day, 11th month, 11thhour

The armistice began on November 11, 1918.11th day, 11th month, 11thhour

What is What is Armistice Armistice

day day called in called in the U.S. the U.S. today?today?

Veteran’s Day !!!

United States United States leadership as leadership as the war endedthe war ended

United States United States leadership as leadership as the war endedthe war ended

Wilson’s Fourteen PointsWilson’s Fourteen Points January 1919 January 1919 – world leaders

gather in Paris, France for a peace conference.

January 1919 January 1919 – world leaders gather in Paris, France for a

peace conference.

After returning from the Paris Peace Conference…After returning from the Paris Peace Conference…

At the end of World War I,

President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the

Fourteen Points.

At the end of World War I,

President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the

Fourteen Points.

The League of Nations

was the Final Goal of Wilson’s Fourteen

Points

The League of Nations

was the Final Goal of Wilson’s Fourteen

Points

The League of Nations

The League of Nations

This plan called for the

formation of the League of Nations, which

would be a peacekeeping organization.

This plan called for the

formation of the League of Nations, which

would be a peacekeeping organization.

The Paris Peace ConferenceThe Paris Peace Conference

The Allies disagreed on how to The Allies disagreed on how to ““punishpunish” the Central Powers.” the Central Powers. Wilson did not want to punish them – Wilson did not want to punish them –

other allies sought other allies sought revengerevenge..

The Allies disagreed on how to The Allies disagreed on how to ““punishpunish” the Central Powers.” the Central Powers. Wilson did not want to punish them – Wilson did not want to punish them –

other allies sought other allies sought revengerevenge..

The Treaty of VersaillesJune 28, 1919

The Treaty of VersaillesJune 28, 1919

Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…

War ReparationsNo more weapons.No more colonies.

Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…

War ReparationsNo more weapons.No more colonies.

American OppositionAmerican Opposition Wilson presented the

Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification. The Senate had to

approve the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.

Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.

Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification. The Senate had to

approve the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.

Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.

The United States did not join the League of Nations because there was opposition to it at home and the United States Senate refused

to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.

The United States did not join the League of Nations because there was opposition to it at home and the United States Senate refused

to ratify the Treaty of Versailles.

American OppositionAmerican Opposition The Treaty of

Versailles was rejected in 1920 by the United States.

The U.S. did NOTNOT join the League of Nations.

In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.

The Treaty of Versailles was

rejected in 1920 by the United States.

The U.S. did NOTNOT join the League of Nations.

In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.

Map of Pre and Post WWI Europe

Map of Pre and Post WWI Europe

http://www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushistory/ww1/preww1.htm http://www.cyberlearning-world.com/lessons/ushistory/ww1/preww1.htm