simplicity
DESCRIPTION
From cxpartners Singapore workshop 2014TRANSCRIPT
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cxpartners 1
@gilescolborne
Simplicity
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I would not give a figfor the simplicitythis side of complexity,
but I would give my life for the simplicity on the other side of complexity.
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
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Advanced simplicity@gilescolborne
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They’re
not rules
so much as…
guidelines,
Giles
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Your examplesof Simple design.
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/vanf/5321214369/10
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/iwouldstay/145628030/15
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Donald Norman
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Simplicity isnot the answer
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Leonardo Da Vinci
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Simplicity isthe ultimatesophistication
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Simplicity is an experience
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How it’s engineered
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How it feels to use
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How it’s engineered
How it looks
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Expert Mainstreamer
Focus on details Focus on goals
Perfection Completion
Precise control Ease of control
Principles Examples, stories
Take it apart, explore Afraid of breaking it
Detailed mental model Loose mental model
Invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?
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Experienced Novice
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Not everyone wants simplicity
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Whatusers do
Tasks
Content& features
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Thinking like an expert
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Performance
Stress
Difficult task
Simple task
Yerkes-Dodson Law
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Feels simple
to my (mainstream) users
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The trouble with simplicity is...
it’s boring.
(Right?)
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Simplicity does not mean the absence of any decoration.
It means that the decor should belong intimately to the design proper, and that anything foreign to it should be taken away.
Paul Jacques Grillo
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Modern Traditional Elegant
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What is minimal?GO
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August 2013 GO
Usable
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Nov 2013 GO
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August 2012 GO
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Aug 2013
Jul 2013 Jun 2013 May 2013 Apr 2013 Mar 2013
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Simple
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Simplicity = Extreme usability
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Usability
ISO 9241-11
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Usability
ISO 9241-11
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How do you
measure This?
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Business system
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Call centre
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Web site
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Travel website
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Houston airport
6 x further
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Matrix bullet time
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Create a blog. It’s free.
Beautiful, customisable templates and layouts.
Up to the minute stats Make money with Adsense Explore Blogs of Note
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0.1 second
1.0 second
10 seconds
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Travel website
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Efficiency Effectiveness Satisfaction
Simplicity
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A B
Which is more efficient?
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Keying(average typist)
PointingHomingMentallypreparing
Waitingfor a response
Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco
GOMS KLM
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
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A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
1. Walk through the interface step by step.
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A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
2. List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
MHPKPKHKK
MHPKHKK
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A B
GOMS KLM
3. Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
MHPKPKHKMK
MHPKHKMK
MMMM
M
MM
M
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A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
MHPKPKHKMK
MHPKHKMK
MMMM
M
MM
M
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A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ks
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
MHPKPKHKK
MHPKHKK
MMMM
M
MM
M
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A B
GOMS KLM
4. Delete Ms that appear between Ps and Ks (PMK becomes PK)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
MHPKPKHKK
MHPKHKK
M
M
M
M
M
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A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
MHPKPKHKK
MHPKHKK
M
M
M
M
M
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
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A B
GOMS KLM
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to radio buttonClickPoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
Think about what to doPut hand on mousePoint to text fieldClickMove hand to keyboardEnter temperature (31)
1.350.42.450.22.450.20.41.75
1.350.42.450.20.40.2
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
10.20 4.00
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Enter your Post Code
BS1 4ND OK
ADDRESSType your address
22 Queen Square Br|
ADDRESS
Which is more efficient?
22 Queen Square, Bristol, BS1 4ND
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22 Queen Sq
Bristol
BS1 4ND
OKOK
20 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND
21 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND23 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND
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Enter your Post CodeADDRESS
BS1 4ND
Choose an address
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22 Queen Square Br|
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
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ADDRESS
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
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Rules (simplified)
Walk through the interface step by step.
List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Delete Ms between Keying charactersin a single unit (like a word or a sentence)
But keep the first M (thinking what to type).
Delete Ms that come between Pointing and Keying(so PMK becomes PK)
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
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22 Queen Sq
Bristol
BS1 4ND
OKOK
20 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND
21 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND23 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND22 Queen Sq Bristol, BS1 4ND
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Enter your Post CodeADDRESS
M Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into positionK Click into the text fieldH Put hand on keyboardMKKKKKKK Remember and Enter Post CodeM Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into position and click OKR Wait for the system to refresh (1.0 seconds)M Figure out what to doP Move the mouse into positionK Click the drop down listM Figure out what to doP Move the mouse into positionK Click on the correct itemR Wait for the system to refresh (0. 5 seconds)M Check the address is correct
TOTAL = 17.0 seconds6 points where you figure out what to do (M)
BS1 4ND
Choose an address
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22 Queen Square Br|
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
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ADDRESS
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
22 Queen Sq, Bristol, BS1 4ND
M Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the mouse into positionK Click�into the text fieldH Put hands on keyboardMKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK Enter addressM Figure out what to doH Put hand on mouseP Move the pointer into positionK Click on the addressM Check the address is correct
TOTAL = 12.8 seconds4 points where you figure out what to do (M)
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Keying PointingHomingMentallypreparing
Waitingfor a response
Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco
GOMS KLM
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
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86
default numbers & punctuation
number pad (for pins)url
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87
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88
Rules for ‘Efficiency’
Minimise thinking, effort (clicks, movement)
No one likes home pages and start screens
Remember users’ preferences and behavior
Eliminate sources of error
Minimise response time and device bulk the
hidden UX differentiators
Don’t make experienced users act like novices
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89
Your turn
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Simplify this!
90
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92
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93
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#1Remove
94
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95
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Perfection is achievednot when there is nothing more to addbut when there isnothing more to take away
96
Antoine de Saint Exupery
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Reduce,
thoughtfully
97
John Maeda
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98
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99
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100
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Expert Mainstreamer
Focus on details focus on goals
Precise control Ease of control
Perfection Good enough
Principles Examples, stories
Deferred gratification I want it now!
invest time in learning What does RFTM mean?
101
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102
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103
Rules for ‘Remove’
Features that add steps for unneeded fine control
Multiple ways of doing the same thing
Features that are responsible for a lot of errors
Unnecessary options and preferences
Visual clutter
Details that distract
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#2Organise
104
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105
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Ready?
106
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197
2 6 4 835
107
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?
108
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Ready?
109
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
110
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?
111
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112
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113
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114
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115
Projects Photos Garden Tax Travel School
Credit Music Video Boat Bike Car
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116
Finance Office Home Projects Photos Garden
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117
Rules for ‘Organise’
Follow patterns that the user knows
Clearly frame your terms of reference
Simple, consistent groupings
Highlight the single most important thing
Don’t force the user to learn codes
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#3Hide
118
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119
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120
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121
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122
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123
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124
Rules for ‘Hide’
Organise around patterns of use, not frequency
Look for behaviours that signal patterns of use
Let users go from general to specific
Ensure mainstreamer tasks are visible and
dominant
Trust expert users to find expert features
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#4Displace
125
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126
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LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
My Travel Plan
127
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LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
The Roman BathsLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non turpis.
Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)Sat-Sun 0900-1730Christmas: Closed
£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65
Allow 1 hour minimum Add this
My Travel Plan
128
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LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
LOCATION ACTIVITY TIME
Bath Excelsior Hotel N/A
Bath The Roman Baths 0930-1030
Bath Train to Oxford 1042-1153
Oxford The King’s Head 1230-1400
Oxford Punting 1415-1515
Oxford Ashmolean Museum 1530-1700
Oxford Train to London 1722-1835
My Travel Plan
The Roman BathsLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Morbi commodo, ipsum sed pharetra gravida, orci magna rhoncus neque, id pulvinar odio lorem non turpis.
Mon-Fri 0900-1830 (includes Bank Holidays)Sat-Sun 0900-1730Christmas: Closed
£10 Adults, £5 Children / Student / Over 65
Allow 1 hour minimum Add this
129
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LONDON
OXFORD
STRATFORD-UPON-AVON
BATH
LOCATION ACTIVITY TIME
Bath Excelsior Hotel N/A
Bath The Roman Baths 0930-1030
Bath Train to Oxford 1042-1153
Oxford The King’s Head 1230-1400
Oxford Punting 1415-1515
Oxford Ashmolean Museum 1530-1700
Oxford Train to London 1722-1835
My Travel Plan
130
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No plan survives contact with the enemy
Helmuth von Moltke
131
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Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
132
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Tuesday
Kid’s things
Travel discounts
133
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134
So, in order:
1. Displace2. Remove3. Organise4. Hide
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135
Your turn!
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136
BONUS!
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137
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138
http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/
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139
http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/
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140
http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/
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141
http://reramble.wordpress.com/2012/04/15/20-posters-for-disney-classics/
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cxpartners 142
Always design a thing by considering it in its next larger context –a chair in a room,a house in an environment,an environment in a city plan
Eliel Saarinen
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143
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144
Hi. Are you awake?
I am now...
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145
I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.
A real person told me this
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146
Here is exactly what you need
right now.
OK
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cxpartners 147
out of context@gilescolborne
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148
4 3
2
1
23
6
1
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149
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150
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151
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152
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153
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154
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155
After Black & Yacoob, 1995
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156
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157
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158
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159
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160
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161
I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.
A real person told me this
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162
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163
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164
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165
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166cxpartners
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167
What’s this playing?
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168
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169
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170
What’s this playing?
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171
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cxpartners 172
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0Z1QGpTZSo
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173
Time flieslike an arrow.
Fruit flieslike a banana.
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174
What’s this playing?
What was that?
A bit of you know what.
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175
What’s this playing?
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176
What’s this playing? This?
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177
On the iPod.
What’s this playing? This?
This
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178
On the iPod.
What’s this playing? This?
It’s Del the FunkyHomosapian.
This
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179
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180
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181
On the iPod.
What’s this playing? This?
It’s Del the FunkyHomosapian.
This
Time Pressure / Error / Shared Knowledge
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What’s this playing? This?
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I want my phone to contextually decide when to notify me.When I’m asleep (it’s dark, phone stationary, quiet) then it won’t buzz.But if it’s important then it should still alert me.
A real user told me this
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Call: Susan Hunter mobile
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Call: Susan Hunter mobile
Her phone says:Do not disturb ends 14:00
Cancel Proceed
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Call: Susan Hunter mobile
Her phone says:Do not disturb ends 14:00
Cancel Proceed
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In that case...
Are you busy? No.
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TimeLocationEnvironmentSocialDeviceActivityIndividual
http://thenounproject.com/noun/computer/#icon-No115http://thenounproject.com/noun/iphone/#icon-No414
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TimeLocationEnvironmentSocialDeviceActivityIndividual
193http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/4064143718/
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11:37New YorkSubwayAloneBlackberryEmailSarah
194http://www.flickr.com/photos/yourdon/4064143718/
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Paul Dourish
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Context can be expressed as data
Context is stable
Context can be delineated
Activities happen within a context
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Context is a relational property
Context changes dynamically
Context is particular
Context arises from activity
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CONTEXT
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CONTEXT
RELEVANCE
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Wait, what was all that?
If you must measure context – use multiple sources
Repair and negotiate –�never assume you’re right
Use least collaborative effort –�time, error, shared knowledge
Keep track of what this is – remember across interactions
Allow users to negotiate context between themselves, too
Use pre-sequences to set up interactions
Extra information should enrich context –�don’t distract
What really matters is relevance –�focus on that
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Ever had a problem selling
simplicity to your team?
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Ever have success selling simplicity to your
team?
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BUY!
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A B
247
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No matter how cool your userinterface…
...it would be betterif there were less of it
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Alan Cooper
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See it at Amazon US
See it at Amazon UK
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Advanced simplicity workbook@gilescolborne
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Keying(average typist)
PointingHomingMentallypreparing
Waitingfor a response
Icons: The Noun Project and Camila Bertoco
GOMS KLM
M = 1.35 sec K = 0.2 sec H = 0.4 sec P = 1.1 sec R = ?
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Rules (simplified)
Walk through the interface step by step.
List the Mental Preparation (M), Keying (K), Pointing (P), Homing(H) and Response times (R).
Place Ms in front of all Ks and Ps
Delete Ms between Keying charactersin a single unit (like a word or a sentence)
But keep the first M (thinking what to type).
Delete Ms that come between Pointing and Keying(so PMK becomes PK)
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Example 1: Post Code lookup
1. Click on the field and enter a Post Code. 2. Click on OK and get a drop down menu. R=1.0s
3. Choose the right address 4. Check the result. R=0.5s
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Example 2: Autocomplete
1. Click on the field and start typing. 2. After about 18 characters (typically) only one suggestion remains.
3. Click on the address. 4. Check the result.
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On/OffQuick OSD (On-Screen Display menu)FL Select (change the display on DVD player)Open/Close (Eject DVD)Advanced Disc Review (Review playlist)AV Enhancer (Adjust audio and video)Repeat (Repeat play)Multi Re-Master (Improve audio quality)Numeric KeypadDepth Enhancer (Reduce picture ‘noise’)Manual Skip (Skip 30 seconds forward)Quick Replay (Skip back a few seconds)CancelSkip ForwardSkip BackSlow ForwardSlow BackStopPausePlayDirect Navigator/Top Menu (Main menu)Play List/Menu (Show a disk menu or play list)Functions (Change on screen menu)Return (Return to previous menu)Up ArrowDown ArrowLeft ArrowRight ArrowEnterSubtitleAudio (Change soundtracks)Angle/Page (Change angle/advance still pictures)Setup (Quick setup menu)Play Mode (All/group/random play)Play Speed (Changes play speed)ZoomGroup (Selects groups of items to play)
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Design challengeFeel my painEvery conference call I have starts with people turning up late, losing the connection or having software problems. Help me: fix Skype.
Things to considerThink about what makes a meeting work offline. How would those things happen online?
What are the key phases in a meeting - from planning to conclusion?
How do you make meetings visual? Letting people share documents or see ideas?
How do you keep all that simple? What causes the complexity?
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Design challengeFeel my painI’ve got a Microwave oven that will also grill or bake. But I’ve no idea how to use it. Normally I just click the ‘on’ switch repeatedly to add 30 seconds to the total. And that switch has worn out!
Things to considerLots of food packets have microwave instructions - could you make this oven work with them?
How do I know whether I’m microwaving, grilling or cooking?
What’s the real objective here? What do I really want from this product?
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Design challengeFeel my painI’m tired of going to the basement to manually turn the heating on and off. Make me a central heating controller I can understand.
Things to considerThis is a thermostat for a British house – so there’s no air conditioning.
The hot water tank and central heating can be programmed independently.
It can be cold during the summer and warm in the winter.
What use can you make of the patterns that are already in my head?
Buttons, displays, wireless connections, software… all cost money. This is a cheap device.
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