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www.smithsdetection.comSmiths Detection: Proprietary Data

Bringing technology to life

Liquid DetectionMalte Pruss, Director Products CXS

May, 2014

Dubai Liquid Detection 2014 | 2

Topics

Detection of Liquids an Overview

The Technology behind

Solutions of Smiths Detection


Detection of Liquids

Liquid detection at airport checkpoints is a challenge for passengers, officers, security managers…

Different kind of bottles, glass, plastics, aluminum cans, …More or less filled with tea, coffee, soft drinks with more or less sugar and other ingredients…


Detection of Liquids

Passengers want to buy goods at the airport as refreshment, gifts…

Shops want to sell refreshments or duty free articles e.g. fragrances, some alcohol, shampoo,…

And the security has to ensure that no liquids can be misapplied. The latest x-ray scanning system shall fulfil the standards.


LEDS – Equipment Types and Standards

Det

ectio

n S

tand

ard

Equ

ipm

ent T

ype

LEDS Equipment Type A: Screen liquid containers singly with lids removed or loosened

LEDS Equipment Type B: Screen liquid containers singly without removing lids or loosening lids

LEDS Equipment Type C: Screen multiple liquid containers simultaneously but with liquids removed from baggage

LEDS Equipment Type D: Screen multiple liquid containers simultaneously but with liquids remaining in cabin baggage

LEDS Standard 1: various materials, defined maximum false alarm rate (FAR), defined minimum probability of detection (POD),Systems installed until 21.3.2013 can be operated until January 30 2016

LEDS Standard 2: higher standard compared to standard 1all newly installed systems have to be standard 2no expiry date

LEDS Standard 3: Relevant for alarm resolution; no expiry date


LEDS – Equipment Types and Standards

The EU LEDS time line was shifted several times.

April 2011 (Transfer PAX), April 2013 (all PAX)…

January 2014 ban is lifted for duty free articles in STEBs, medicin and baby food.

EU will decide on next steps end of 2014

Standard 1 is mandatory for all LEDS system.

Standard 2 is mandatory for all newly installed LEDS systems.


LEDS – What makes it so tricky

Liquids, Gels etc. have different Zeff ( atomic number, specific absorption)

Second important value is thedensity (explosive material mass)

To achieve a material discrimination you must “detect” different energies of the x-ray beam.


LEDS – Material Discrimination - Zeff


LEDS – Material Discrimination - Density


LEDS – Material Discrimination - Volume

To “make” a decision about the density the volume of the container is needed.


LEDS – Solution step 1

To determine the volume of a bottle or a can you need at least to views: a bottom view and a side view

Single view Multi view



We have to consider that there are only two dimensional slices (data) of the object available!

X-ray focus

detector

object

attenuation



The objected is represented by a number of these “attenuation”- values. An algorithm “reconstructs out of these data a model of the bottle and can compare it to a calculated data base model (best fit).

inner and outer curvatureof the bottle



If there is a best fit the algorithm can calculate the material content of the item.


LEDS – Solution

This has to be calculated in real time during the scanning process. A lot of variables have to take in consideration:

- Materials of the “bottle”, - Thickness of the bin- Orientation in the tray- Filling level - Shape of the bottle, can…- ….


LEDS – Smiths Detection

To solve these challenges in physics and mathematics you must rely on an outstanding knowledge base.

Smiths Detection has more than 100 physicists, mathematicians and engineers.

Several millions of Euros are invested in research and development every year to realize better products and solutions.


LEDS – HS 6040 2is HR

A sophisticated solution for liquid detection is the HS 6040 2is HR


LEDS – HS 6040 2is HR

The HS 6040 2is HR fulfils the EU LEDS standard 2

Dual view X-ray inspection system Excellent image quality and steel

penetration (39/40 AWG, 35/37mm steel)

High throughput due to reduced repositioning and rescanning of objects

Excellent design and performance Automatic explosive detection


19

The Technology Behind

Additional information from the side

L-shaped detector line for side view


20

The Technology Behind

Non-distorted image quality

U-shaped detector line for bottom-up view


HI-SCAN 6040-2is – side viewHI-SCAN 6040-2is – bottom-up view

Views around clutter reduce need for hand-search or rescanConcealed objects in one view appear clearly in anotherIncreased detection (TIP)

Threat

Advantages of Dual View Technology


Smiths Detection at the Dubai Airport Show

Thank you for your attention

For more information please visit us at our booth at the Dubai Airport Show

www.smithsdetection.comSmiths Detection: Proprietary Data

Bringing technology to life

www.smithsdetection.com smiths detection: proprietary data bringing technology to life liquid...

Documents

leds equipment types

screen liquid containers

leds solution step

installed leds systems

expiry date leds standard

cabin baggage leds standard

baggage leds equipment

loosened leds equipment