www.specification-expert.co.uk ian elmer technical services manager amtech group what drives a green...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Ian ElmerTechnical Services ManagerAMTECH Group
What Drives a Green Specification?
![Page 2: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
“Scientific evidence points to increasing risks of serious, irreversible impacts from climate change [that] threatens the basic elements of life for people around the world”
Stern N., 2006: ‘The Economics of Climate Change – The Stern Review’. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
The Impact of Climate Change
![Page 3: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
International Context
• The Kyoto Protocol (1997)• Sets out commitments to reduce Global Warming Gas emissions, including a commitment for the UK to reduce emissions by 12.5% between 2008 and 2012, below
1990 levels.
• UN Climate Change Conference (Copenhagen 2009)• Held to agree a framework for climate change mitigation beyond 2012.
• Copenhagen Accord drafted by the US, China, India, Brazil and South Africa as a ‘Meaningful Agreement’
with further discussions to follow in 2010.
![Page 4: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Drivers for Change
• The main drivers for climate change and sustainability:
• Legislation
• Performance Standards
• Financial Incentives
![Page 5: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Drivers for Change
Legislative Measures
![Page 6: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
European
• Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)
• Requires member states to improve the energy efficiency of buildings, through minimum energy performance standards
and certification and requirements for plant inspection.
• All buildings that are constructed, sold or rented are required to have an Energy Performance Certificate.
![Page 7: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
The construction industry constitutes a significant portion of UK economic output and employment, while its output has a major impact on the environment.
• 40% of total UK CO2 emissions are from buildings, of which:
• 78MtCO2 from public sector and commercial buildings*
• 149MtCO2 from residential buildings*
*2008 figures
![Page 8: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
UK Legislation in place:
• The Climate Change Act 2008
• Aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 80% by 2050
• Includes and interim target of reducing emissions by 34% by 2020
• The Energy Act
• Implemented at the same time as the Climate Change Act
• Allows the introduction of a feed-in tariff for small scale, low carbon electricity generation up to 5MW scale
![Page 9: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
• Part L of the Building Regulations. Updates to include:
• 25% improvement in regulated emissions from 2010
• 44% improvement in regulated emissions by 2013
• Potentially 70% improvement in regulated emissions by 2019 (according to Definition of Zero Carbon)
• Other ambitions such as new homes to be zero carbon by 2016 have also been announced
![Page 10: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
The ‘Definition of Zero Carbon’ approach:
• Building Regulations to be underpinned by a very high minimum standard of energy efficiency
• Minimum standard of carbon compliance to be achieved through energy efficiency, LZC technologies and directly
connected heat. • Solutions for dealing with residual emissions resulting from applying these standards (e.g. Upgrading the efficiency of neighbouring buildings)
![Page 11: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
The F-Gas Regulations
• Framework for reducing emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases (F Gases).
• Sets out prescribed offences and penalties relating to fluorinated greenhouse gases covering subjects such as use,
recovery, reporting, labelling and certification.
![Page 12: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
National
Strategy for Sustainable Construction
• Joint industry and Government initiative intended to promote leadership and behavioural change in construction
• Includes a number of key targets such as:
• Reduce per capita consumption of water in the home to an average of 130 l/p/day by 2030
• 50% reduction of construction, demolition and excavation waste to landfill by 2012 when compared to 2008.
• Reduce CO2 emissions (UK total) by at least 60% by 2050 (based on 1990 levels).
![Page 13: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Drivers for Change
Performance Standards
![Page 14: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
Main methods for providing performance standards:
• BREEAM (Building Research Establishment’s Environmental Assessment Method) - UK
• Code for Sustainable Homes - UK
• LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) - US
![Page 15: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
BREEAM:
• Most widely used assessment method in the UK
• Sets standards for best practice in sustainable design and uses a points scoring system describe a building's environmental performance
• Covers a number of topics with points associated to them that combine to give a building a BREEAM credit rating
![Page 16: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
The main topics are as follows:
• Management
• Health and Well Being
• Energy
• Water
• Materials and Waste
• Pollution
![Page 17: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
There are mandatory minimum standards within BREEAM and these can be used as an indication of whether it is possible to achieve a desired rating for a building:
• For example, for a building to achieve an ‘Excellent’ rating it must have excelled in every environmental category within BREEAM.
• Government departments require BREEAM ratings of all their buildings; most local authorities require BREEAM as part of planning approval for developments over a certain size.
![Page 18: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
There are a number of versions of the BREEAM scheme tailored to a variety of buildings, among them:
• BREEAM Offices
• BREEAM Healthcare
• BREEAM Education
• BREEAM Retail
• BREEAM Other Buildings
![Page 19: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
Code for Sustainable Homes:
• Provides a single framework for house builders to establish environmental standards
• National standard for the sustainable design and construction of new homes
• Measures the sustainability of a new home against nine categories of sustainable design, rating the 'whole home' as a complete package
![Page 20: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
Uses a one to six star rating system to communicate the overall sustainability performance of a new home
• All new publicly funded housing must be rated against the code.
• Voluntary for new private sector homes, unless there is a local planning requirement.
• Publicly funded housing required to reach at least code 3.
![Page 21: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
LEED:
• United States based code for Leadership in Energy and Environmental design launched by the US Green Building Council
• Shares common components and goals with BREEAM in driving improvement in building design
• In the UK, interest in LEED is growing with 66 LEED Accredited Professionals in the UK.
![Page 22: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
Main difference between LEED and BREEAM is method of assessment:
• BREEAM uses trained assessors who report to the BRE to validate the evidence and issue a certificate
• LEED does not require trained assessors, though further credit is given if accredited professional (AP) is used.
• Client provides evidence (with assistance of AP) then submits to US-GBC for evaluation.
![Page 23: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Performance Standards
Other differences:
• Fixed to the ASHRAE standards and the US way of thinking
• Credits are generally linked to the US Dollar (especially the energy credits), which means that if the exchange rate is unfavourable, then the building's rating could suffer.
• Niche market in UK at present, but interest is growing
![Page 24: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Drivers for Change
Financial Incentives
![Page 25: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Mechanisms used to provide incentives to improve the performance of buildings include:
• Tax reliefs
• Grant funding
• Penalties
• Carbon trading
![Page 26: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Tax relief:
• Main scheme that the Government offers to provide support for business investment in low carbon technologies is the Enhanced Capital Allowances (ECA scheme)
• Enables businesses to claim 100% first year capital allowances on qualifying plant and machinery
• Two schemes that affect the building services industry:
• Energy Saving Plant and Machinery
• Water Conservation Plant and Machinery
![Page 27: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Examples of plant and machinery that qualify for ECA:
• Air-to-air energy recovery
• Automatic monitoring and targeting (AMT)
• Combined heat and power (CHP)
• Motors and drives
• Rainwater harvesting equipment
• Meters and monitoring equipment
• Flow controllers
• High efficiency taps
![Page 28: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Penalties:
• The legislative schemes covered previously outline penalties for non-compliance:
• Building Regulations – Alteration or removal of work, financial penalties
• F-Gas regulations – Enforcement and prohibition notices as well as fines.
• Energy Certificates – Financial penalties for non-compliance
![Page 29: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
• Renewables Obligation:
• Government scheme introduced to incentivise electrical generation from renewable sources in the UK
• Licensed electricity suppliers are obliged to source a percentage of their energy from renewable sources
• Obligation achieved by surrendering required number of Renewables Obligation Certificates (ROC’s) to the regulator.
• Failure to do this results in a financial penalty called a ‘buy-out’.
![Page 30: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Grant funding:
• A number of grant funding schemes are available to promote energy efficiency:
• Low Carbon Buildings Programme
• Bio-energy Capital Grants Scheme
• Microgeneration Strategy
• Energy Act
![Page 31: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Low Carbon Buildings Programme (LCBP):
• Two phases to the Low Carbon Buildings Programme
• Phase 1 – allowed householders, community organisations and public and non-profit sector groups to apply for grants for the installation of technology such as photovoltaics, solar thermal hot water and bio-energy.
• Phase 2 – provides similar grants for public sector building owners (schools, hospitals, housing associations and local authorities) and charitable bodies to install microgeneration technology.
![Page 32: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Bio-energy Capital Grants Scheme:
• Funded by the Department of Energy and Climate Change
• Promotes efficient use of Biomass for energy and heat generation
• Awards capital grants toward the cost of equipment such as biomass heat boilers and CHP
• Currently aimed at businesses, organisations and charities in commercial, industrial and community sectors
![Page 33: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Microgeneration Strategy:
• Government strategy to allow electricity companies to claim for Renewable Obligation Certificates (ROC’s)
• Companies that produce less than 50kW are entitled to:
• Claim ROCs either monthly or annually
• Appoint an agent to sell ROCs on their behalf
• Use their own renewable energy without selling it first
• Sell surplus electricity to energy companies
![Page 34: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Energy Act:
• Aims to support the increase in renewables required to meet the UK carbon reduction targets set out in the Climate Change Act 2008, in particular by:• Strengthening the Renewables Obligation by supporting low carbon
technologies whilst reducing the support of more established technologies such as co-firing.
• Introducing ‘feed-in tariffs’ to guarantee that small scale generators will receive payment for generating electricity from low carbon electricity generation projects.
• Introducing a financial mechanism to encourage the installation of renewable heat at all scales, industrial to household.
![Page 35: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Carbon Trading:
• The EU Emissions Trading Scheme is the main carbon trading initiative at present. Main principles as follows:
• Participating companies monitor and annually report their CO2 emissions
• They are then obliged to return an amount of emission allowances to the government equivalent to their emissions that year.
• They are allowed to buy or sell emission allowances in order that they can achieve their targets at least cost
![Page 36: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
In the UK:
• CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme:
• Similar to EU Emissions scheme, organisations buy allowances equal to their annual emissions
• Emissions target is achieved by placing a ‘cap’ on the total allowances available to each group of CRC participants
• Individual organisations can determine the most cost-effective way to reduce their emissions, e.g. buying extra allowances, investing in ways to decrease the number of allowances they need to buy.
• Comes into force in April 2010
![Page 37: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Financial Incentives
Other schemes:
• Clean Development Mechanism:
• Aimed at smaller firms not covered by the main schemes
• Participants are issued with Certified Emissions Reductions certificates for every tonne of carbon they stop from being emitted into the atmosphere.
• These can then be sold to governments and companies to meet their Kyoto targets and emissions allocations.
![Page 38: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
The Specification
The role of the specification in reducing carbon emissions:
• All of the drivers for change referred to previously have direct relevance in the building services industry
• The specification is a key document which can impact heavily on the sustainable design of a building from project brief to detailed design.
• Provision of information is extremely important to ensure what is installed matches the intention of the consultant and client so the specification is central in disseminating:
![Page 39: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
The Specification
Technical information:
![Page 40: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
The Specification
Performance Standards:
![Page 41: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
The Specification
and Financial Incentives:
![Page 42: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Summary
In summary:
• There is a commitment in the UK to reduce carbon emissions
• The drivers for change are primarily driven by legislation, performance standards and financial incentives
• The production of the Building Services Specification is key to the design of sustainable buildings at all stages of the project, from initial brief through to detailed design and construction
![Page 43: Www.specification-expert.co.uk Ian Elmer Technical Services Manager AMTECH Group What Drives a Green Specification?](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f2c5503460f94c47c31/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
www.specification-expert.co.uk
Thank you and Questions...