Wyoming’s Source Water Wyoming’s Source Water Assessment and Protection Assessment and Protection

Program (SWAP)Program (SWAP)Wyoming Association of Conservation Districts

22 March 2006

Brian Mark

Wyoming DEQ

777-6371

bmark@state.wy.us

1996 SDWA Amendments1996 SDWA AmendmentsPreventative ApproachPreventative Approach

•Complementary To Traditional Methods•Patterned After Wellhead Protection

Regulatory FlexibilityRegulatory Flexibility•State Lead

Wyoming’s Unique Primacy StatusWyoming’s Unique Primacy Status

BackgroundBackground

State LeadState Lead•Allow Flexibility on State and Local Levels•Land Use and Water Quality Management Choices

Public SupportPublic Support•Information•Involvement

Key Elements :Key Elements :

Involve The PublicInvolve The PublicEstablish Source Water AreasEstablish Source Water AreasIdentify Potential Sources OfIdentify Potential Sources Of

ContaminationContaminationDetermine SusceptibilityDetermine SusceptibilityPublicize ResultsPublicize Results

A State Must OutlineA State Must Outline How It Will:How It Will:

Public ParticipationPublic Participation

Assessment of All Public WaterAssessment of All Public WaterSystemsSystems

Protection PlansProtection Plans

Provide Information And Assistance Provide Information And Assistance To CommunitiesTo Communities

Wyoming’s Goals:Wyoming’s Goals:

Advisory CommitteeAdvisory Committee•Participants•Role

Web PageWeb Page

NewslettersNewsletters

Public ParticipationPublic Participation

Define the area or zone from which Define the area or zone from which the water originates and travels to the water originates and travels to the intake or well.the intake or well.

Surface Water SystemsSurface Water Systems

Ground Water SystemsGround Water Systems

Combination SystemsCombination Systems

DelineationDelineation

Include Entire WatershedInclude Entire Watershed

To State LineTo State Line

Transbasin DiversionsTransbasin Diversions

13% Of All Public Water Systems13% Of All Public Water Systems

24% Of Community Systems24% Of Community Systems

Surface Water SystemsSurface Water Systems

Calculated Fixed RadiusCalculated Fixed Radius

Analytical ModelsAnalytical Models

Hydrogeologic MappingHydrogeologic Mapping

85% Of All Public Water Systems85% Of All Public Water Systems

74% Of Community Systems74% Of Community Systems

Ground Water SystemsGround Water Systems

Ground Water Under The DirectGround Water Under The DirectInfluence Of Surface WaterInfluence Of Surface Water

Less Than 2% Of All Public Water Less Than 2% Of All Public Water SystemsSystems

May Be OthersMay Be Others•Karst Aquifers•Alluvial Aquifers

Combination SystemsCombination Systems

GroundwaterGroundwater

•Zone 1 -- 100 feet around well

•Zone 2-- 2 year time of travel

•Zone 3 -- 5 year time of travel

Inventory ZonesInventory Zones

Surface WaterSurface Water

•Zone 1 -- 100 feet around intake

•Zone 2-- 15 miles upstream, 1000 feet on either side of stream

•Zone 3 -- remaining watershed

Inventory ZonesInventory Zones

3 Factors3 Factors

•System Integrity

•System Sensitivity

•Contaminant Characteristics

SusceptibilitySusceptibility

System IntegritySystem Integrity

•Age

•Construction/Maintenance

•Conveyances

SusceptibilitySusceptibility

System SensitivitySystem Sensitivity

•Confirmed Contaminant Detection

SusceptibilitySusceptibility

Contaminant CharacteristicsContaminant Characteristics

•Contaminant Type

•Confirmed Release

•Proximity To Well Or Intake

SusceptibilitySusceptibility

Susceptibility RatingsSusceptibility Ratings

SummarizeSummarize

•Contaminant Source Type Table

•Contaminant Type Table

•Narrative Summary

Determining SusceptibilityDetermining Susceptibility

GIS MapsGIS Maps•Intakes, Wells•Source Water Areas•Potential Sources Of Contamination

Potential Sources Of ContaminationPotential Sources Of Contamination•Contaminants•Sources

Susceptibility AnalysisSusceptibility Analysis

Assessment End ProductsAssessment End Products

Review State DelineationReview State Delineation Contaminant inventoryContaminant inventory

• Review state’s• Perform local

Assessment reportAssessment report• Review• Summarize for CCR• Publicize availability• Copies of report

Role Of Water SystemsRole Of Water Systems

FinancialFinancial

Prevention vs. CurePrevention vs. Cure

Multi-barrier ProtectionMulti-barrier Protection

Incentives To ParticipateIncentives To Participate

Planning documentPlanning document•Protection plans•Contaminant source management•Contingency plans

InformationInformation•New employees•New managers or local officials•Customers

Incentives To ParticipateIncentives To Participate

http://deq.state.wy.us/http://deq.state.wy.us/wqd/www/srf/Pages/wqd/www/srf/Pages/

SWAP/index.aspSWAP/index.asp

Wyoming Wyoming State Revolving FundsState Revolving Funds

Programmatic Requirements and DetailsWyoming Association of Conservation Districts

22 March 2006

Brian Mark

Wyoming DEQ

777-6371

bmark@state.wy.us

Applicant Milestones Applicant Milestones • Intended Use Plan Ranking• Public Participation• National Environmental Policy Act• Creditworthiness Demonstration• Construction Permitting• Socio-Economic “Cross-Cutters”• Bidding/Procurement/Construction• Loan Draft Requests• Project Closeout

SRF Program RequirementsSRF Program Requirements

• Draft Intended Use Plan

• Eligible Projects’ Ranking

• Public Participation

• State Loan & Investment Board Approvals

• EPA Reviews and Audits

• Quarterly and Annual Reporting

• Annual Grant Applications

Ranking System CriteriaRanking System Criteria

• Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act require programs to rank all eligible projects seeking financial assistance

• Rankings must be made based upon public health and compliance issues

• Systems facing enforcement actions will always rank highly

• Systems replacing infrastructure will typically rank lower

Common Enforcement Issues Common Enforcement Issues • Administrative Orders• Boil Orders• Significant Non-compliance Status• Safe Drinking Water Act Maximum

Contaminant Level Exceedances• Clean Water Act-Wyoming Pollutant

Discharge Elimination System Violations• Stream/Water Body Impairment• Total Maximum Daily Loads

Typical Steps to Obtain a LoanTypical Steps to Obtain a Loan

• Identify a project need• Contact SRF Program• Appear on the Intended Use Plan• Find a dedicated repayment source• Council or Board passes SRF resolution • Comply with NEPA requirements• Hold public meeting• Fill out and submit application

Typical Steps to Obtain a LoanTypical Steps to Obtain a Loan

• Appear before State Loan and Investment Board

• Board awards loan

• Council, Board, Mayor sign loan documents

• Governor signs loan documents

• City submits loan draft requests

Typical Steps to Obtain a LoanTypical Steps to Obtain a Loan

• DEQ, WDO, & OSLI review loan draft request, which includes invoices of all eligible charges

• Office State Land & Investments sends check to City

• City cashes check!!!!!!!!!

Summary of SRF ActivitiesSummary of SRF Activities

• All first round money loaned to DEQ LUST

• All second round money to communities

• 1991 -1998 $29M

• 1999 – Present $289M

• Second largest POTW loan in all of EPA Region VIII

CLEAN WATER LOAN APPROVALS DRINKING WATER LOAN APPROVALS1991 11992 01993 11994 21995 11996 21997 11998 01999 4 1999 12000 5 2000 52001 8 2001 72002 9 2002 62003 8 2003 72004 10 2004 13

2005 13 2005 112006 5 2006 10

TOTALS 72 60 *

Outlook for SRF programsOutlook for SRF programs

• Timely and expeditious clause

• CWSRF: Continue to fund communities with second round money

• Transfer second round funds from CWSRF to DWSRF

• DWSRF: Use mostly first round money and second round on limited basis

• Sunset 2011 and 2019, may be earlier

SummarySummary

• CW and DW SRFs have adequate $$$• Project proponent must • > appear on Intended Use Plan• > conduct public meetings• > comply with NEPA• > dedicate a guaranteed repayment

source• > fill out application

SummarySummary

> submit last three audits and current budget

> complete a capacity development assessment demonstration for DWSRF

> appear before the State Loan and Investment Board.

Questions?Questions?

• Contact

• Brian Mark

• Wyoming DEQ

• Tel 777 – 6371

• Fax 777 5973

• Email bmark@state.wy.us