x04.pg 305 - session 1 - class-1 - work study method study and measurement

8/6/2019 X04.PG 305 - Session 1 - Class-1 - Work Study Method Study and Measurement

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PG 305PG 305

Production and OperationsProduction and OperationsManagementManagement

Session 4Session 4 DateDate April 28, 2011April 28, 2011

SunilSunil ChoudharyChoudhary

Doon Business SchoolDoon Business School -- Global, DehradunGlobal, Dehradun

8/18/20118/18/2011


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AGENDAAGENDA

Work Study

Method Study

Work Measurement

Work Sampling


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Work StudyWork Study

Body of language concerned with analysis

of work methods and the equipment used

in performing a job, design of an optimum

work method and the standardization ofproposed work method

Key points

Observer and Analysis Design Optimum

Standardize


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DefinitionsDefinitions


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DefinitionsDefinitions


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Objectives of Work StudyObjectives of Work Study

Analysis of the present way of doing the job

Quantify and qualify the work content measuring the

time required to do the job by a qualified worker

establish a standard time for the job

Increase efficiency and productivity by ensuring best

possible use of humans, machines and all resources to

achieve best quality of product and service in least

time

Improve Operational efficiency


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Benefits of work studyBenefits of work study

Increased Productivity and efficiency Reduced Manufacturing / Service costs

Improved workplace Layout

Better Manpower and Capacity Planning

Fair wage to employees Better working conditions to Employees

Improved workflow

Reduced Material Handling costs

A standard of work gets established

Basis of Sound Incentive Scheme

Enhanced job Satisfaction


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Components of Work StudyComponents of Work Study


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Components of Work StudyComponents of Work Study


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Methods StudyMethods Study

Work Methods Analysis or Method Study is a ScientificTechnique of Observing, recording and critically

examining the present work method of performing the

task / job / operation with the aim of improving the

present method and developing a new and more efficient

method

Also known as work improvement or method

improvement

Also in scope are work processes, working conditions,

equipments and tools


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Objectives of Methods StudyObjectives of Methods Study

To Study the existing / proposed method

To develop an improved method

Reduce excessive Material Handling

Improve utilization of Resources

Eliminate wasteful and inefficient motions

Standardize work methods or processes, working

conditions, machinery, equipments and tools


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Advantages & DisadvantagesAdvantages & Disadvantages

Methods StudyMethods Study

Advantages

Methods Simplified

Improved workflow

Improved quality

Reduced cost

Better Material Handing

Better Safety

Less fatigue for worker

Shorter cycle time Improved work method

Reduced Wastage

Disadvantages

Raises Suspicion

Person dependent

Does not include

monotony

Often done but not used

Kills the creativity of the

employee

Employees willdeliberately not accept it


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Steps & Tools of Methods StudySteps & Tools of Methods Study

Step # 1 - Select the work

Step # 2 Record all related facts

Outline Process Chart

Operation Process Chart Flow Process chart Material, Man, Machine, equipment

Man Machine Chart

Two handed process Chart

Multiple Activity chart

Motion Chart

SIMO Chart

String Diagram

Film Analysis Chart

Saturday Class

Presentations


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Step # 3 Examine the recorded facts critically


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Step # 4 Develop the improved method factors to beconsidered

Cost of applying the new method

Expected Savings

Acceptance ?

Is it feasible ?

Will it improve productivity

Will it get accepted by Design / QC / PPC / Other departments?

What will be the reaction of employees to this new method

Short and long term implication of the new method


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Step # 5 Install the new Method

Training & Change Management

Chose and showcase Champions

Step # 6 Maintain the new Method

Continuous Training

Help on Call Support during Operational Hours

Show improved benefit and productivity


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Work MeasurementWork Measurement

Method Study preceded Work Measurement

Definition

Technique designed to establish

Work content of a specified task By determining the time required to carry out the

task

At a defined standard of performance (e.g. 95%)

By a qualified worker


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Work Measurement.Work Measurement.

Objectives

Primarily to measure time taken and how to improvise

it

Benefits Develops a basis for comparison of different tasks /

employees

Helps prepare a realistic work schedule

Comparative analysis actual time taken vs planned

Help in Labor cost estimation

Helps in tenders / Bids etc


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Steps in Work MeasurementSteps in Work Measurement

Break the job into Elements Record the observed time for such

elements Time Study

Analytical Method

Synthesis Method

Establish each Element value

Assess and Add Relaxation Allowance Calculate the total work content

Add Contingency and other allowances

Saturday Class

Presentations


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Work SamplingWork Sampling

For work study Which sample to

chose to ensure correct data

Very person dependent

Mood Dependent

Environment dependent


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Work SamplingWork Sampling

Consist of taking a number of intermittent,

randomly spaced instantaneous

observations of the activity being

studied and from this determining thepercent time devoted to each aspect of

the operation

Based on Law of probability that arandom follows the same pattern as the

entire lot


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Steps in Work SamplingSteps in Work Sampling

Step # 1 Determine the objective ofthe study task to be studied activity

level

Step # 2 Plan the sampling procedure Percentage time

Setting up accuracy limits

# of observations required Length of study period and route to

be followed


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Steps in Work SamplingSteps in Work Sampling

Step # 3 Collect and present the data with error limits and tolerances

Step # 4 Process the data and

present the results


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