x11 future desktop environments cern it/dis/ose : paola ciccarelli (caspur) lionel cons victor...
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X11 futureX11 futureDesktop EnvironmentsDesktop Environments
CERN IT/DIS/OSE:Paola Ciccarelli (Caspur)
Lionel Cons
Victor Robles Forcada
German Cancio Melia
PRESENTED BY:Philippe Defert
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PlanPlan
Introduction What is a desktop environment Desktop Environments: KDE and GNOME KDE vs GNOME: Technology CORBA:
What is it? How is it used in KDE and GNOME? KDE vs GNOME.
KDE vs GNOME: Applications HEP conclusions and questions
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
UNIX/Linux is powerful and stable. Strong alternative for Windows => good user
interface. UNIX/Linux must be user-friendly. Average users don’t like: Command line, manual
configuration, etc. Many users expect: Menus, Panel, Drag & Drop,
mouse driven configuration, etc. CDE: First job related with this. June 1996. During the last 2 years Linux Community is
making a big job => KDE and GNOME
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What is a Desktop What is a Desktop Environment?Environment?
Common Drag & Drop protocol
Common Session Management protocol
Easy dialog based desktop configuration
Unified application help system
Consistent ‘look and feel’
Common application development framework
Compound document framework
Network transparency
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KDE KDE K Desktop EnvironmentK Desktop Environment
Dates: Project founded in October 1996 KDE v1.0 July 12, 1998 KDE v1.1 February 6, 1999 KDE v2.0 End of this summer???
Some interesting features: Based on toolkit Qt 1.42 (not GPL, Troll Tech) Standard menu and toolbars, keybindings, color schemes, etc. Built-in internationalization: more than 25 languages Large number of KDE applications. In version 1.1,
41 base applications Koffice: in version 2.0 using CORBA
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KDE ScreenshotKDE Screenshot
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GNOMEGNOMEGNU Network Object Model EnvironmentGNU Network Object Model Environment
Dates: GNOME project was initially announced in August 1997 GNOMEv1.0 7 April, 1999
Why not only KDE? It is based on Qt which is not open source.
Some features: Based on GTK+ (GPL) Build-in internationalization and localization 3D-programming with OpenGL Independent of Window Manager Fully integrated with CORBA Standard printing
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GNOME ScreenshotGNOME Screenshot
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KDE vs GNOME: KDE vs GNOME: Technology ITechnology I
KDE GNOMEToolkit Qt (C++) GTK+ (C)
Language bindingsfor the Toolkit
C, Python, Perl C++(Gtk--), Objective C,Python, Perl,Scheme(Guile), TOM,Pike(PiGTK), Dylan
WM Independent No => Yes Yes
Compliant WM KWMWindowMakerBlackBox
fvwmWindowMakerEnlightmentIceWMSCWMgtkWM
Themes Support Yes Yes
StandardKeybindings
Yes No
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KDE vs GNOME: KDE vs GNOME: Technology IITechnology II
KDE GNOMEDrag & Drop KDND
v2.0 => XDNDMotif, XDND
SessionManagement
Proprietary X Session ManagementProtocol
Documentationand Help System
Applications => HTMLSources => Kdoc
Applications =>DocBook (SGML)
Internationalization GNU gettext &LPGL i18n library
GNU gettext &LPGL i18n library
3D-Programming No OpenGL (gtkGL)
LanguageBindings
Python Dylan, Python,TOM, Perl, Guile
ScriptingLanguage
Python Python, Perl, Guile
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Conclusions (I)Conclusions (I)
KDE has an easier User Interface for beginners KDE is easier to install GNOME is technologically superior KDE gets closer to GNOME in v2.0 => XDND, WM
Independent, SGML. Interoperability between KDE and GNOME apps:
Drag & Drop: No until KDEv2.0 Session Management: No Help System: No (Try open his own help browser)
GNOME Office is more advanced
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CORBACORBACommon Object Request Broker Common Object Request Broker
ArchitectureArchitecture
CORBA allows applications to communicate with each other
CORBA is similar to DCOM, but more powerful CORBA is as next-generation RPC, just extended
to support object-oriented programming Why CORBA?
Solution for the IPC problem. Reduce development time Reduce maintenance difficulties Programs more powerful Simplify Compound Documents Automation
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CORBA in KDE: CORBA in KDE: KOM/OpenPartsKOM/OpenParts
ORB: MICO (C++) => Programs in C++ KOM: Events and Filters, Signals and Slots for
Plug-in or Dynamic Aggregation OpenParts:
Controls: Comparable to Microsoft’s Active X controls Parts: Improvements of controls
Is independent of the GUI => Standard for IPC Automation: Applications can export his inner
work through CORBA
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CORBA in GNOME: BaboonCORBA in GNOME: BaboonBaboon Allows Baboon Objects Over Baboon Allows Baboon Objects Over
NetworksNetworks
ORB: No MICO New ORB: ORBit (C) => Programs in C, C++
CORBA will be used in various contexts: Components Application embedding Automation Reusable controls
Is independent of the GUI => Standard for IPC
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KDE vs GNOME: CORBAKDE vs GNOME: CORBA
KDE GNOME WindowsStandards CORBA CORBA DCOM
KOM/OpenParts Baboon OLE
Components,Controls, Parts
Components,ReusableControls
Active XControls
ORB MICO (C++) ORBit (C)
CORBASTANDARD
CORBA 2.2 CORBA 2.2
DocumentModel
XML DOM
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Conclusions (II)Conclusions (II)CORBACORBA
The idea of use CORBA in KDE and GNOME is the same: components, controls, ...
MICO is slower than ORBit GNOME makes use of CORBA by default:
Panel, print, applets, programs. KDE plans to extend the use of CORBA to the
panel and to some applications (e.g korganizer).
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Conclusions (III)Conclusions (III)ApplicationsApplications
KDE for the moment has more and more complete set of applications
Tons of applications: Some useful, some buggy
KDE Best: kfm, PPP dialer, korganizer, kpackages, koffice (?)
GNOME Best: Electronic Eyes, gimp, gnumeric, gmenu, gmc, gcal
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HEPiX QuestionsHEPiX Questions
X desktops are a normal X follow up HEPiX X11 scripts
Common look and feel shared work Customization by site, group, user
HEPiX desktop ???? Do we do the same as with X11 ????
More Information:http://wwwinfo.cern.ch/umtf/working-groups/X11/desktops/
mailto:[email protected]