B GIO DC V O TO

I HC HU TRNG I HC KHOA HC

----------------

TRN HIU

XY DNG H THNG TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H THNG T VN

HC TP TRC TUYN

Chuyn ngnh : Khoa hc my tnh M s : 60.48.01

LUN VN THC S KHOA HC

CHUYN NGNH KHOA HC MY TNH

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: TS. Nguyn Thanh Bnh

Hu, 2007

- i -

LI CM N

Trc tin, con mun gi li cm n su sc nht n ba m, nhng ngi

sinh thnh, dng dc, h tr mi iu kin vt cht v tinh thn con c

c ngy hm nay.

Ti xin chn thnh cm n thy TS. Nguyn Thanh Bnh hng dn

ch bo tn tnh gip ti trong sut qu trnh lm kha lun tt nghip ny.

Ti xin chn thnh cm n Trng i Hc Khoa Hc - Hu, Khoa Cng

Ngh Thng Tin to mi iu kin thun li cho ti c hc tp, v qu

thy c tn tnh ging dy gip ti c c nhng kin thc c bn v

chuyn mn.

Xin c gi li cm n n Trung tm Cng ngh Thng tin - i hc

Hu cng tt c ng nghip, ngi thn v bn b lun ng vin, gip

ti trong sut qu trnh hc tp v hon thnh lun vn ny.

Hu, thng 09 nm 2007

Trn Hiu

- ii -

LI CAM OAN

Ti xin cam oan Lun vn c thc hin bng cng sc ca mnh,

khng sao chp t cng trnh khc. Mi thng tin tham kho u c trch

dn y . Nu c g gian di ti xin chu hon ton trch nhim.

Hu, thng 9 nm 2007

Trn Hiu

- iii -

DANH MC CC T VIT TT

TTT : o to trc tuyn CNTT: Cng ngh thng tin SOA: Service Oriented Architecture (Kin trc hng dch v) UC: Usecase (Trng hp s dng ) ETL: Extract-Transform- Loading (Chit Chuyn i Np) XML:Extensible Markup Language

SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol

WSDL: Web Services Description Language

UDDI: Universal Description Discovery and Integration

- iv -

DANH MC HNH V

Hnh 1.1 Kin trc h thng kho d liu [3] ............................................................... 6

Hnh 1.2 Qu trnh ETL [21]....................................................................................... 8

Hnh 1.3 Lc thng tin hc vin ca phn mm moodle ................................... 11

Hnh 1.4 Bng thng tin hc vin trong phn mm Atutor ...................................... 11

Hnh 1.5 V d v s tch hp d liu ....................................................................... 13

Hnh 1.6 Kin trc Web Service [13] ....................................................................... 14

Hnh 1.7 M hnh kin trc 2 tng v 3 tng [13] ..................................................... 16

Hnh 1.8 Cc tng ca kin trc hng dch v [13] ................................................ 16

Hnh 1.9 H thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ............................................................ 19

Hnh 2.1 Lc quan h ca cc bng cha thng tin cn tch hp ca phn mm Moodle ...................................................................................................................... 24

Hnh 2.2 Lc quan h ca cc bng cha thng tin cn tch hp ca phn mm ATutor ....................................................................................................................... 25

Hnh 2.3 M hnh nghip v h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ............................................................................................................. 26

Hnh 2.4 Kin trc h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .......................................................................................................................... 29

Hnh 2.5 Kin trc dch v chit d liu ................................................................... 30

Hnh 2.6 Kin trc chit d liu theo hng kt ni trc tip .................................. 31

Hnh 2.7 Kin trc chc nng chuyn i d liu .................................................... 32

Hnh 2.8 Kin trc chc nng np d liu ................................................................ 32

Hnh 2.9 Kin trc chc nng qun l thng tin nghun v ch ............................. 33

Hnh 2.10 Phn cp cc chiu trong kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .......................................................................................................................... 37

Hnh 2.11 M hnh lu tr trong kho d liu theo lc hnh sao ........................ 38

Hnh 2.12 Lc cc bng qun l thng tin ngun cung cp .............................. 41

Hnh 2.13 Lc bng nh x ................................................................................ 42

Hnh 2.14 Lc cc bng lut lm sch ............................................................... 43

Hnh 2.15 Cu trc cy thut ng ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ............... 43

Hnh 2.16 Lc UC h thng tch hp thng tin ................................................. 44

Hnh 2.17 Lc tun t: ng k ngun cung cp d liu .................................. 45

Hnh 2.18 Lc tun t: Kch hot qu trnh cung cp thng tin ........................ 46

- v -

Hnh 2.19 Lc tun t: Chit d liu thng qua dch v ................................... 47

Hnh 2.20 Lc tun t: Chit d liu thng qua phng thc kt ni trc tip 48

Hnh 2.21 Lc tun t: Chuyn i d liu ....................................................... 49

Hnh 2.22 Lc tun t: Np d liu ................................................................... 49

Hnh 2.23 Lc trin khai H thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ............................................................................................................. 50

Hnh 3.1 M hnh thut ton chung ca h thng tch hp thng tin ....................... 51

Hnh 3.2 Phn u ca nh ngha dch v ............................................................... 57

Hnh 3.3 Phn nh ngha kiu ca tham s vo ra ca dch v ............................... 58

Hnh 3.4 Phn nh ngha tham s vo ra ca thng ip ......................................... 59

Hnh 3.5 Xc nh kiu d liu cho thng ip vo ra ............................................. 59

Hnh 3.6 nh ngha cc thng ip vo ra ............................................................... 60

Hnh 3.7 Xc nh a ch ca dch v ...................................................................... 60

Hnh 3.8 Thng ip yu cu n chc nng getNumProfile ................................... 61

Hnh 3.9 Thng ip phn hi ca chc nng getNumProfile .................................. 61

Hnh 3.10 Thng ip yu cu chc nng getProfile ................................................ 62

Hnh 3.11 Mt phn thng ip phn hi ca chc nng getProfile ........................ 63

Hnh 3.12 Giao din danh sch cc ngun cung cp ................................................ 65

Hnh 3.13 Giao din ng k ngun cung cp .......................................................... 66

Hnh 3.14 Giao din nh ngha thng tin v c s d liu ca ngun cung cp ..... 67

Hnh 3.15 Giao din nh ngha thng tin dch v ca ngun cung cp ................... 68

Hnh 3.16 Giao din nh ngha nh x t ngun cung cp n chun chung .......... 69

Hnh 3.17 Giao din nh ngha cc qui tc lm sch d liu ................................... 70

Hnh 3.18 Giao din nhp mc thi gian cung cp thng tin ................................... 71

Hnh 3.19 Giao din thng bo trng thi cc qu trnh tch hp ............................. 71

Hnh 3.20 Giao din thng bo kt qu tch hp thng tin ....................................... 72

Hnh 3.21 Giao din chc nng xem nht k cung cp thng tin ............................. 72

Hnh 3.22 M phng d liu trong kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .......................................................................................................................... 73

Hnh 3.23 Khi d liu a chiu ca kho d liu liu t vn ................................... 74

- vi -

DANH MC BNG BIU

Bng 2.1 Thng tin hc vin theo chun IMS.........................................................34

Bng 2.2 Bng thng tin identification....................................................................34

Bng 2.3 Bng thng tin Goal.................................................................................35

Bng 2.3 Bng thng tin Qcl...................................................................................35

Bng 2.5 Bng thng tin Activity............................................................................35

Bng 2.6 Bng chun chung thng tin ca hc vin...............................................36

- vii -

MC LC

trang

LI CM N ..............................................................................................................i

LI CAM OAN ...................................................................................................... ii

DANH MC CC T VIT TT .......................................................................... iii

DANH MC HNH V .............................................................................................iv

DANH MC BNG BIU .......................................................................................vi

MC LC ................................................................................................................ vii

LI M U ............................................................................................................. 1

CHNG 1 TNG QUAN V TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN ......................................................................... 3

1.1. Vn tch hp trong cc h thng thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .................................................................................................................. 3 1.1.1. Gii thiu .................................................................................................... 3 1.1.2. Tch hp d liu.......................................................................................... 5 1.1.3. Tch hp hng dch v ........................................................................... 13

1.2. Tch hp thng tin t cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp h tr cho cc h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ........................................................................................ 18 1.2.1. H thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .......................................................... 19 1.2.2. Cc vn chun ha cho ngun ti nguyn hc tp ............................... 20

1.3. Tiu kt........................................................................................................... 22

CHNG 2 M HNH HA H THNG TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN .................................................. 23

2.1. Pht biu bi ton ........................................................................................... 23 2.1.1. Yu cu ca h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn .............................................................................................................. 23 2.1.2. M hnh nghip v h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ........................................................................................................ 25

2.2. Mt s hng trin khai h tr qu trnh tch hp thng tin ......................... 27 2.3. M hnh ha h thng .................................................................................... 29 2.4. Xy dng chun chung v thng tin hc vin ................................................ 33 2.5. M hnh kho d liu ....................................................................................... 36 2.6. Xy dng lc cc bng siu d liu ca h thng tch hp .................... 40 2.6.1. Lc cc bng qun l thng tin cc ngun cung cp ....................... 40 2.6.2. Bng lu tr cc lut lm sch d liu ................................................... 42 2.6.3. H thng cy thut ng (Terminology) .................................................. 43 2.7. M hnh ha h thng tch hp thng tin bng ngn ng UML .................... 44 2.7.1. Lc chc nng ng k ngun d liu: ........................................... 45

- viii -

2.7.2. Lc chc nng Kch hot qu trnh cung cp thng tin .................. 45 2.7.3. Lc chc nng chit d liu thng qua dch v .............................. 46 2.7.4. Lc chc nng chit d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip ................. 47 2.7.5. Lc chc nng chuyn i d liu .................................................. 48 2.7.6. Lc chc nng np d liu .............................................................. 49 2.7.7. Lc trin khai h thng tch hp thng tin ...................................... 50 2.8. Tiu kt........................................................................................................... 50

CHNG 3 XY DNG H THNG TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN ........................................................ 51

3.1. Xy dng thut ton cho cc chc nng chnh ca h thng ..................... 51

3.1.1. Chc nng tng th ca h thng tch hp thng tin .............................. 51 3.1.2. Chc nng lm sch d liu .................................................................... 52 3.1.3. Chc nng chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip n c s d liu ...................................................................................... 53 3.1.4. Chc nng chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp d liu qua dch v ..... 54 3.1.5. Chc nng chuyn i d liu ................................................................ 55 3.1.6. Chc nng np d liu ............................................................................ 56

3.2. Xy dng dch v cung cp d liu ............................................................ 56

3.2.1. nh ngha dch v cung cp d liu ...................................................... 57 3.2.2. Xy dng cu trc ca cc thng ip trao i gia cc dch v ........... 60

3.3. Chng trnh m phng ............................................................................. 64

3.4. M phng hot ng ca kho d liu trong vic h tr t vn hc tp ..... 72

3.5. Tiu kt ....................................................................................................... 74

KT LUN ............................................................................................................... 75

TI LIU THAM KHO ......................................................................................... 76

- 1 -

LI M U

Ngy nay, cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca Internet, ngy cng nhiu cc

h thng hc tp trc tuyn(E-learning) c pht trin v p dng mt cch rng

ri, dn n vic bng n thng tin v ti nguyn hc tp. Nhm t vn cho hc

vin la chn kha hc trc tuyn mt cch chnh xc, ph hp hn, nhiu nghin

cu theo hng pht trin h thng t vn hc tp c thc hin [4, 5]. Tuy

nhin, cng nh cc h thng da trn nn tng Web khc, cc h thng t vn hc

tp trc tuyn hin nay ang gp phi nhiu thch thc trong vic nh v, tm kim,

chit cng nh tch hp nhng thng tin c cht lng t nhiu ngun ti nguyn

hc tp trc tuyn phn tn, a tp v nn, v cu trc, v v ng ngha. Chnh v

vy, kh nng truy cp mt cch kp thi v hiu qu n cc ngun ti nguyn

thng tin hc tp tr thnh mt trong nhng yu t quan trng quyt nh s

thnh cng ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

Bn cnh vic pht trin cc chun h tr tch hp cc ngun ti nguyn hc

tp, cc hng nghin cu hin nay ang rt quan tm n kin trc hng dch v

[13] (Service-oriented architecture) cng cng ngh dch v Web (Web services).

Hng tip cn ny m bo kh nng giao tc chung gia cc h thng hc trc

tuyn vi nhau, cng nh h tr kh nng tch hp linh ng cc ngun ti nguyn

hc tp a tp thng qua cc dch v. Tuy nhin, mt mi trng tch hp theo SOA

cng lm ny sinh cc vn mi i vi vic tch hp thng tin t cc h thng

hc trc tuyn s dng phng thc cung cp thng tin theo kin trc hng dch

v, gi l tch hp dch v.

Nhm gii quyt cho nhng vn nu trn, lun vn hng n nghin cu

ti Xy dng h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc

tuyn vi cc mc tiu sau:

Nghin cu v ng dng vic chun ha cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp

Nghin cu v chn phng thc tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t

vn hc tp trc tuyn

- 2 -

Xy dng khung tch hp cho h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng

t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Ci t mt cng c tch hp d liu v thng tin mu t cc ngun ti

nguyn hc tp

Da vo nhng mc tiu , lun vn c xy dng theo cu trc di y:

Chng 1. tng quan v tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc

tp trc tuyn. Chng ny, gii thiu mt cch tm tt v khi nim h thng t

vn hc tp trc tuyn, kho d liu, ETL (Extract Transform - Load), Kin trc

hng dch v, dch v Web (Web Service) v mt s vn lin quan cn gii

quyt, y chnh l c s xy dng h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t

vn.

Chng 2. M hnh ha h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t

vn hc tp trc tuyn. Ni dung ca chng ny tp trung vo vic phn tch yu

cu ca bi ton tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Xy

dng chun chung v thng tin hc vin, phn tch m hnh nghip v, nh ngha

cc chiu v lc chiu trong kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

S dng UML m hnh ha h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn

hc tp trc tuyn.

Chng 3. Xy dng h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn

hc tp trc tuyn. Ni dung ca chng ny tp trung vo vic trnh by cc thut

ton s dng xy dng cc chc nng chnh ca h thng nh thut ton lm

sch d liu, thut ton chuyn i d liu, thut ton np d liu. Ngoi ra, chng

ny cng trnh by cng c m phng h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t

vn hc tp trc tuyn. Phn cui ca chng, trnh by mt s kt qu nghin cu

t c ca ti v xut hng pht trin trong tng lai.

- 3 -

CHNG 1 TNG QUAN V TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H

THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN

1.1. Vn tch hp trong cc h thng thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc

tp trc tuyn

1.1.1. Gii thiu

Ngy nay, cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca Internet, ngy cng nhiu cc

h thng o to trc tuyn (TTT) c pht trin v p dng mt cch rng ri.

Vi nhng c tnh ni bt nh phong ph v linh hot, d tip cn v tin li, tit

kim v hiu qu, o to trc tuyn m ra mt li i mi y tim nng cho s

pht trin ca ngnh gio dc v o to.

C th ni, o to trc tuyn mang li mt cuc cch mng v hc tp.

Trong , ngi hc c th tham gia cc kha hc trong bt c thi gian no, ti bt

c a im no trn th gii, vt qua nhng tr ngi v mt khng gian v thi

gian. Bn cnh , TTT cng thay i cch tip cn, lnh hi tri thc, qua

khng cn nhng cnh thy c tr ghi na m vai tr ca ngi hc ngy cng ch

ng hn. Cc hot ng c, xem, khm ph, nghin cu, tng tc, thc hnh,

giao tip, tho lun, chia s kin thc trn mng mang li cho ngi hc nhiu hng

th v nim vui tm ti, suy ngh.

Vi s pht trin chung ca x hi, TTT c hiu qu kinh t cao khi ch cn

mt gio vin gii c th ging cho hng nghn ngi; c th d dng mi gio

vin, chuyn gia nc ngoi ging dy vi chi ph khng cn qu tn km nh

trc. Qua , TTT gip nng cao quy m v cht lng o to, lm gim chnh

lch v c hi hc tp gia ngi giu v ngi ngho, gia nng thn v thnh th,

gip gio dc Vit Nam hi nhp nhanh hn vi th gii.

Trn th gii c nhiu trng i hc v vin nghin cu cng nh cc t

chc gio gic o to p dng TTT vo cng tc ging dy nh trng i

hc Central Lancashire Anh, Canterbury New Zealand, Capella ca M, v

nhiu trng i hc khc trn th gii. Theo bo co ca tp on Sloan, ngun

- 4 -

cung cp thng tin v o to trc tuyn, nm 2003 c hn 1,9 triu hc vin

tham gia TTT ti M, t l gia tng l 25% mi nm [17].

Cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca TTT, ti Vit Nam, Khoa CNTT i

Hc M H Ni l n v u tin t chc TTT c cp bng i hc cho hc vin.

T nm 2001, trung tm Cng Ngh o To Trc Tuyn ca khoa thnh lp

trng hc o FIHOU CYBERSCHOOL v bt u tuyn hc vin ngnh CNTT

ti website http://www.fithou.net.vn. n nay, trng c hn 1000 hc vin theo

hc CNTT trc tuyn, vi mc hc ph bng 1/3 so vi hc theo kiu truyn thng.

Mt s n v khc nh H Cng Ngh thuc H Quc Gia H Ni cng bc

u t chc o to trc tuyn v CNTT-VT, trong Hc Vin BCVT trong nm

hc 2006 c B GDT cp ch tiu 2.000 hc vin [16].

S bng n thng tin trong lnh vc o to in t

Tuy nhin, ngy nay, cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca Internet, s pht

trin v p dng mt cch rng ri ngy cng nhiu cc h thng hc tp trc tuyn

v ang dn n vic bng n thng tin v ti nguyn hc tp. iu dn

n nhng kh khn ca hc vin trong vic la chn kha hc, cng nh xy dng

chng trnh hc t rt nhiu chng trnh o to v cc kha hc phong ph c

a vo ging dy trc tuyn. Chnh v vy, hc vin cn c h tr c th la

chn kha hc cng nh xy dng l trnh hc tp ca bn thn sao cho ph hp vi

trnh , s thch v hon cnh ca mi hc vin.

Trong bi cnh , vai tr ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn ngy cng

tr nn quan trng, ng vai tr nh mt ngi hng o ca hc vin, gip hc

vin t tin hn khi t mnh xy dng k hoch hc tp tt nht hon thnh

chng trnh hc tp, nng cao kt qu hc tp ca hc vin. Ngoi ra, v y l mt

hot ng da trn my v giao tip thng qua mng Internet, h thng t vn hc

tp trc tuyn c th gim c chi ph i li, chi ph thu chuyn gia t vn, cng

nh cc chi ph pht sinh khc khi thc hin mt h thng t vn theo kiu truyn

thng, hn ht l h thng ny c th phc v cho hng nghn hc vin bt k ngy

m, v hc vin c th tm n s gip ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

ti bt k thi im no.

- 5 -

Vai tr ca tch hp trong cc h thng t vn

Nh trnh by phn trn, qu trnh t vn hc tp trc tuyn hiu qu,

kp thi v chnh xc, phi m bo d liu cho h thng t vn hc tp trc

tuyn hot ng phi y , c cht lng v lun trng thi sn sng.

Tuy nhin, hin nay, vic m bo d liu tch hp h tr h thng t vn

vn cn gp nhiu rt thch thc. l do cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn

vn l d liu chi tit, phc v cho cc hot ng ca cc h thng o to trc

tuyn, hay cn c gi l d liu tc nghip. Hn na vic tch hp d liu t cc

ngun ti nguyn thng tin h tr t vn cng cn gii quyt nhng vn a tp v

nn, v cu trc, v ng ngha, trong cc h thng o to trc tuyn khc nhau

hot ng trn cc nn khc nhau, khng ng b v cu trc cng nh ng ngha.

T nhng g c trnh by trn y, chng ta c th thy rng cn phi

c mt cng c tch hp lm nhim v trung gian c th cung cp d liu c cht

lng v kp thi cho h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn, h tr hc vin xy dng

k hoch hc tp theo hng c nhn ha, nng cao kt qu hc tp ca hc vin.

1.1.2. Tch hp d liu

Kho d liu v vai tr ca qu trnh ETL

D liu h tr cho cc h thng t vn o to trc tuyn c lu tr trong

cc kho d liu. Kho d liu (Data Warehouse) l tuyn tp cc c s d liu tch

hp, hng ch , c thit k h tr cho chc nng tr gip ra quyt nh.

Kho d liu c xy dng vi cc mc tiu cung cp kh nng p ng v

yu cu thng tin ca ngi s dng, h tr ngi dng trong vic ra cc quyt nh

hp l v gip cho cc t chc c th xc nh, qun l v iu hnh cc d n mt

cch hiu qu, chnh xc.

Nhm p ng cc mc tiu trn, d liu trong kho d liu c cc c im

nh sau: c t chc theo cc ch h tr ra quyt nh, c t chc thng

nht, mang tnh cht lch s v d liu trong kho d liu l d liu ch c v ch c

th c kim tra, khng c sa i bi ngi s dng u cui[1, 3].

Kin trc h thng kho d liu

Kin trc kho d liu gm 3 tng:

- 6 -

Tng th hin

Tng x l phn tch trc tuyn (OLAP)

Tng thu thp

Tng thu thp: D liu t cc ngun bn ngoi, t cc c s d liu tc

nghip s c tch hp vo kho d liu. D liu t kho d liu c th c trch

lc ra cc kho d liu cc b (Datamart) theo cc lnh vc khc nhau. Tng thu

thp hot ng da trn qui trnh ETL (Trch Chuyn i Np), y l qui trnh

thc hin vic tch hp d liu t cc ngun a tp vo kho d liu. ETL l nn

tng ca kho d liu, Mt h thng ETL c thit k ng n s thc hin vic

chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp, gim st cht lng v chun chung ca d

liu, lm cho d liu tng thch sao cho cc ngun a tp c th s dng cng vi

nhau. V cui cng chuyn d liu vo mt nh dng sn sng trnh din sao cho

nhng ngi pht trin ng dng c th xy dng cc ng dng v ngi s dng

cui c th ra quyt nh. Trong lun vn ny s xy dng mt h thng tch hp

da trn ETL sao cho da vo d liu c tch hp bi h thng ny, nhng ngi

pht trin h thng c th xy dng cc ng dng t vn hc tp trc tuyn h tr

hc vin trong vn chn kha hc v xy dng k hoch hc tp.

C s d liu quan h

D liu dng tp tin

ChitChuyn i

Np

Kho d liu

Cc kho d liu cc b(DataMart)

MOLAP

ROLAP

Truy vn/Bo co

Phn tch

Khai ph d liu

Phc v

Phc v

Phc v

Tng thu thp(Tng 1)

OLAP

(Tng 2)Tng th hin

(Tng 3)

Hnh 1.1 Kin trc h thng kho d liu [3]

- 7 -

Tng OLAP: Cc d liu sau khi c thu thp s c phn tch xem d

liu c cc chiu no v c phn cp ra sao, phn tch mi lin h gia chng t

quyt nh cc hng lu tr (theo MOLAP, ROLAP, HOLAP hay DOLAP).

Ti tng ny c th s dng cc k thut Drilling-Down, Rolling-Up a ra cc

bng d kin tng hp h tr quyt nh.

Tng th hin: Tng ny cho php phn tch d liu, cung cp cc bo co,

cc truy vn, cc bn phn tch, cng ngh khai ph d liu, thm d s tng tc

d liu, cung cp kh nng phn tch d liu phc tp bng phng thc n gin,

cung cp nhiu giao din cho nhiu cp s dng (bo co, phn tch), cng kh

nng c lng, d bo, phn loi. [1, 3]

Qu trnh ETL

Vi c trng ca Kho d liu, qu trnh ETL c xem nh mt thnh

phn quan trng trong vic xy dng mt h thng kho d liu h tr ngi s

dng ra quyt nh ng n v chnh xc. Mc d vic xy dng h thng ETL

nm mt sau ca h thng v khng r rng i vi ngi s dng cui, nhng

n c th chim n 70% ti nguyn s dng xy dng v bo tr mt h thng

kho d liu. H thng ETL thm cc gi tr cht lng vo d liu ch khng ch

n thun l ly d liu t cc ngun v a vo kho d liu. c bit, h thng

ETL thc hin:

Xa b cc li v sa cc d liu cn thiu

Cung cp ti liu v tin cy ca d liu

Nm bt dng ca phin d liu cho vic bo v

iu chnh d liu t cc ngun a tp

Cu trc d liu c th s dng c bi cc cng c khc

Hnh 2 di y l mt m hnh m phng qui trnh ETL cung cp d liu

cho kho d liu v ch d liu.

ETL bao gm cc qu trnh sau:

Qu trnh chit d liu:

Qu trnh u tin ca ETL l trch d liu t cc h thng ngun. a s

nhng d n s dng kho d liu lu tr u phi hp nht d liu t cc h

- 8 -

thng ngun khc nhau. Mi h thng ring bit c mt cch t chc v nh dng

d liu khc nhau. Nhng nh dng ngun d liu thng thng l cc c s d

liu quan h v tp tin, nhng c th bao gm cc c s d liu khng c quan h

nh IMS hay cc cu trc d liu khc nh VSAM hay ISAM. Qu trnh trch lm

nhim v bin i d liu sang mt nh dng chung, chun b cho qu trnh

chuyn i d liu.

NpL qu trnh ghi d liu vo c s d liu chChuyn i

L tin trnh x l d liu c chit, t chc d liu theo chun m c th lu tr trong cc c s d liu khc, vic chuyn i c tin hnh nh vo cc lut c xy dng t trc.

ChitL qu trnh c d liu t cc c s d liu ngun

Kho d liu

ChitNp

Chuyn i Lm sch

D liu t cc h thng k tha

D liu ca cc ng dng c ng gi

D liu ca cc ng dng bn trong

khcCh d liu

Ngun d liu tm thi

Hnh 1.2 Qu trnh ETL [21]

Qu trnh chuyn i d liu:

Qu trnh chuyn i p dng mt lot cc quy tc hay nhng chc nng vo

d liu c trch dn xut ra d liu s c ti vo kho. Mt s ngun d

liu yu cu rt t thao tc i vi d liu c trch ra. Trong nhng trng hp

khc, mt hoc nhiu cc kiu chuyn i sau c th c yu cu:

La chn nhng ct nht nh np (hay loi b ct khng cn np)

Dch cc gi tr m ha (V d: nu h thng ngun m ha 1 i vi

Nam v 2 i vi N, nhng kho d liu li m ha M cho Nam v F

cho N), y cn c gi l lm sch d liu

- 9 -

M ha nhng gi tr t do (V d, M ha "Nam" vo 1 v "N" vo

trong 2)

Tnh ton a ra mt gi tr mi (V d, TB =

(diem1+diem2+diem3)/3 )

Ni d liu t nhiu ngun

Tng hp d liu t nhiu dng(V d, s lng hc vin tham gia

mi kha hc)

To cc gi tr kha i din

Thay i ch hay t ln tr (Quay nhiu ct vo trong nhiu hng

hay ngc li)

Tch mt ct thnh nhiu ct ( V d, tch ct h v tn thnh ct

h v ct tn)

Qu trnh np d liu:

Qu trnh np s ti d liu vo kho d liu. Ph thuc vo nhng yu cu

ca t chc, mi kho d liu c phm vi v tn s np d liu khc nhau. Mt s

kho d liu yu cu cp nht d liu trong kho hng tun, trong khi mt kh kho

d liu khc c th cn thm d liu mi hng gi i vi ton b kho d liu hay

ch mt phn trong kho d liu . Vic tnh ton thi gian v phm vi cp nht

hay ni thm d liu vo nm trong chin lc thit k ty thuc vo thi gian sn

c v cc nhu cu c th ca doanh nghip. Nhng h thng phc tp hn c th

duy tr mt kho d liu y d liu lch s v lu nht k mi s thay i v d

liu trong kho d liu [13, 21].

Vi vai tr quan trng ca mnh trong kho d liu, ETL rt c cc nh

nghin cu v cc t chc quan tm, in hnh l mt s h thng nh Pentaho

pht trin cng c tch hp Pentaho Data Integration da trn ETL h tr cho h

thng thng tin kinh doanh Pentaho Open BI Suite, OpenMRS cng xy dng d

n pht trin cng c ETL h tr vic phn tch OLAP trong sn phm ca h,

t chc Data Integrity Institute cng c d n v ETL.

- 10 -

Tuy nhin, vic xy dng, pht trin cc cng c h tr ETL hin vn gp

nhiu thch thc, a tp v nn dn n cc vn lin quan nh vn kt ni

n ngun d liu, vn to cu truy vn, vn v chun chung cho cc ngun

d liu khc nhau.

Vn a tp v nn

Cc ngun d liu cung cp d liu cho kho d liu lm nhim v chnh l

h tr cho cc hot ng ca cc h thng tc nghip, trong phm vi ca lun vn,

cc h thng tc nghip l cc h thng o to trc tuyn. Mi h thng c th ci

t trn mt h qun tr c s d liu khc nhau nh Oralce, MS SQL Server,

MySQL, PostgreSQL. V d nh phn mm nn dy hc trc tuyn Moodle h tr

ci t trn cc h qun tr c s d liu MySQL, PostgreSQL, MS SQL Server.

Mi h qun tr c s d liu c mt phng thc kt ni v tp ngn ng truy vn

ring. V vy mun tch hp cc ngun d liu khc nhau v nn, h thng tch hp

phi x l c vn truy vn n cc h qun tr c s d liu khc nhau.

a tp v cu trc

Mi h thng o to trc tuyn c th s dng mt phn mm nn dy hc

trc tuyn khc nhau, do cu trc d liu ca mi h thng o to trc tuyn s

khng ging nhau.

V d i vi bng thng tin ngi s dng, phn mm moodle c t

chc trong mi bng, c quan h c th hin trong Hnh 1.3:

- 11 -

Hnh 1.3 Lc thng tin hc vin ca phn mm moodle

Cn trong phn mm Atutor ch s dng mt bng duy nht vi 23 trng

lu tr thng tin ca ngi s dng:

Hnh 1.4 Bng thng tin hc vin trong phn mm Atutor

- 12 -

a tp v ng ngha

Mi h thng o to trc tuyn s dng tp ngn ng ring, c th h s

dng mt trong cc t Student, Hc vin, Hc vin hay Ngi hc ch

i tng tham gia vo cc kha o to trn h thng ca h. Tuy nhin trong kho

d liu ch s dng duy nht mt t duy nht ch mt i tng. Do nhim

v ca qu trnh tch hp l phi chun ha tt cc cc t c cng ngha v mt t

duy nht.

Vai tr ca kho d liu v tch hp thng tin i vi h thng t vn hc tp

trc tuyn c minh ha thng qua v d sau: Gi s chng ta c cc h thng o

to trc tuyn c khung o to tng t nhau, c xy dng da trn cc phn

mm nn o to trc tuyn nh Moodle, Atutor v BlackBoard. Cc h thng ny

u lu tr thng tin v qu trnh hc tp ca hc vin, nhng mi h thng c mt

cu trc c s d liu khc nhau, nhng c s d liu ny hot ng trn cc h

qun tr c s d liu khc nhau, v mi h thng li s dng mt b t kha ring

cho cc kha hc, ngnh hc.

Do , cc h thng t vn hin nay vn gp nhiu thch thc trong vic h

tr hc vin ra quyt nh la chn cc kha hc hay mt l trnh hc tp ph hp

vi bn thn, chng hn: Mt hc vin chuyn ngnh K thut my tnh, hc cc

kha hc Kin trc my tnh, H iu hnh vi im trung bnh ca kha hc

ln lt l 7 v 8 th hc vin ny hc kha hc X l tn hiu s c t c kt

qu tt hay khng? Cc vn ny c gii quyt bng cch tch hp thng tin

ca cc hc vin tham gia o to trn cc h thng theo mt chun chung

vo trong kho d liu theo ch hc vin. Kho d liu s c khung nhn tng th

v thng tin hc vin, v bao gm d liu t cc h thng Moodle, h thng

ATutor, h thng BlackBoard.

- 13 -

Kho d liuMi trng o to trc tuyn

BlackBoard

ATutor

Moodle

Ch = Hc vin

Hnh 1.5 V d v s tch hp d liu

Trong bi cnh , vi mc tiu xy dng h thng tch hp thng tin h tr

h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn, lun vn c thc hin vi trng tm nghin

cu xy dng mt chun chung v thng tin ca hc vin cho cc ngun ti nguyn

hc tp trc tuyn khc nhau v xy dng qu trnh tch hp da trn qui trnh ETL

cho kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

1.1.3. Tch hp hng dch v

Gii thiu Web service, SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) v

vai tr trong vn tch hp

Thut ng dch v Web (Web Service) m t mt cch thc chun tch

hp cc ng dng da trn nn tng Web, s dng cc chun m XML (Extensible

Markup Language), SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web

Services Description Language) v UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and

Integration) thng qua giao thc Internet.

SOAP l mt c t k thut v cch thc c v nh dng ti liu XML

gia dch v yu cu v dch v cung cp trong kin trc Web Service. N cung cp

mt khung ng dng thng ip khng ph thuc vo h iu hnh, ngn ng lp

trnh hay nn tnh ton.

- 14 -

WSDL l mt ngn ng da trn XML dng m t giao din ca Web

Service. N cung cp mt cch thc chun m t cc kiu d liu c truyn

trong cc thng ip thng qua Web Service, cc hot ng c thc hin trn cc

thng ip v nh x cc hot ng ny n giao thc vn chuyn.

Mt cng ngh chnh na ca Web Service l UDDI, n cung cp mt

khung ng dng v cc ngip v xut bn mt Web Service, khm ph cc Web

Service hin hu v xy dng cc ng k dch v chung.

c s dng ch yu nh mt phng tin cho cc doanh nghip giao

tip vi nhau v vi khch hng, Web Service cho php cc t chc giao tip d

liu m khng cn am hiu v cc h thng cng ngh thng tin khc.

Theo W3C, Web service c thit k trong vic h tr tng tc gia my

vi my thng qua mi trng mng. Web service thng l cc Web API

(Application programming interface) c th truy cp qua mi trng mng, v d

nh Internet, v c thc hin trn mt h thng t xa c yu cu cc dch v.

Dch v yu cu

ng k dch v(UDDI)

Thng ip SOAP

Dch v cung cp

M t dch v (WDSL)

Gi thng ip

Tm kim Xut bn

Hnh 1.6 Kin trc Web Service [13]

Trong nhng nm gn y, Kin trc hng dch v (service-oriented

architecture) - vit tt l SOA - v ang xut hin nh mt trong nhng cng

ngh y tim nng trong lnh vc pht trin cc h thng thng tin. Trong , kin

trc hng dch v l kiu kin trc m cc chc nng mi hoc tn ti

c nhm vo trong cc dch v nguyn t. Cc dch v ny c th giao tip vi

nhau. V d nh vic chuyn d liu t dch v ny sang dch v khc hoc kt hp

- 15 -

mt hot ng gia mt hoc nhiu dch v. Qua , kin trc hng dch v c

th h tr kh nng lin kt mt cch linh ng cc ng dng c lp trong mng

thnh dch v ty bin, ph hp vi nhu cu s dng.

C th ni, Kin trc hng dch v l mt s tin ha ca vic tnh ton

phn tn v lp trnh m un. Trong , kin trc hng dch v xy dng cc ng

dng vt ra khi cc phn mm dch v, thng qua mt s lng dch v c th

tng i ln vi bn cht l cc n v c lp v chc nng, m khng c li gi

ln nhau nhng bn trong. Cc n v ny thc hin nhng chc nng in hnh v

a s mi ngi on nhn nh mt dch v, v d nh in vo mt ti khon ca

mt ng dng trc tuyn, xem mt bn k khai ca ngn hng trc tuyn, hay vic

t ch hoc mua mt v my bay trc tuyn. Thay v gi cc dch v c nhng

ln nhau trong m ngun ca h, cc giao thc c nh ngha s m t cch thc

mt hoc nhiu dch v ni chuyn vi nhau. Kin trc ny da vo mt qui trnh

nghip v lin kt cc dch v theo mt chui c th t theo yu cu ca tng h

thng.

Cc h thng trc y hu ht u xy dng trn kin trc 2 tng, trong

cc client truy cp trc tip vo c s d liu m khng c bt k mt m hnh

logic no gia. Hng tip cn ny vn cn c s dng trong vic pht trin

cc phn mm nh v xy dng cc mu th. Hin nay hu ht cc ng dng u

xy dng trn kin trc 3 tng (3-tier), kin trc ny h tr thm mt tng nm gia

client v tng lu tr d liu. Tng ny c gi l tng logic nghip v, cung cp

m c lp t client v chia s cc ng dng logic gia cc client. y l hng

tip cn mang n tnh uyn chuyn trong vic qun l d liu v s dng ti

nguyn h thng trong vic pht trin phn mm.

- 16 -

C s d liu

Tng truy cp d liu

Tng trnh by

C s d liu

Tng truy cp d liu

Tng trnh by

Tng logic nghip v

Kin trc 2 tng Kin trc 3 tng

Hnh 1.7 M hnh kin trc 2 tng v 3 tng [13]

SOA c da trn vic pht trin ng dng kin trc a tng, trong cc

dch v l cc lp trn cng ca cc thnh phn, cc thnh phn ny cung cp cc

chc nng khc nhau v qun l cht lng ca cc dch v. Cc cng ngh c

s dng trong vic trin khai cc ng dng SOA bao gm J2EE, COM/DCOM,

CORBA v Web Service

Trnh by

Cc kch bn x l nghip v, cc dch v hn hp

Cc dch v

Cc thnh phn chuyn gia

Cc h thng iu hnh

Portlet UI WSRP

Cc h thng hng i

tngCRM, ERP,...

H thng bo co nghip v

Tch hp

Dch v cht lng, qun l v gim st

Hnh 1.8 Cc tng ca kin trc hng dch v [13]

Mi tng trong kin trc hng dch v c cc c tnh khc nhau:

- 17 -

Tng cc h thng iu hnh: y l tng cha cc ng dng tn ti,

nh cc ng dng ng gi CRM, ERP. Cc ng dng ny cung cp nn tng cho

cc dch v. Mi ng dng u c cu trc, c s d liu ring v truy cp cc h

thng ti nguyn khc nhau. Trong trng hp khung nhn l h thng t vn hc

tp trc tuyn th tng ny chnh l cc h thng o to trc tuyn ang hot ng.

Tng cc thnh phn chuyn gia: y l tng cung cp cc chc nng v

yu cu cho cc dch v, n l cc quy tc v nghip v cho vic trnh by ca dch

v, v cc rng buc khc i vi h thng nh l v qun l, s sn sng v cn

bng ti ca cc dch v. i vi yu cu ca h thng tch hp, tng chuyn gia

ny l cc chc nng trch d liu t h thng o to trc tuyn theo yu cu ca

h thng tch hp.

Tng cc dch v: Tng ny cha cc dch v tht s c th c khm ph,

triu gi t cc ng dng khc nhau cung cp mt chc nng nghip v c th

cho doanh nghip. Cc dch v c xut bn v trin khai di dng cc giao din

thnh phn nh l cc c t v dch v v c xut bn trn mng. Nu nhn theo

h thng tch hp thng tin, tng ny cha cc dch v cung cp d liu cho h

thng tch hp.

Tng kch bn x l nghip v: Tng ny cung cp giao din ngi s

dng v cc ng dng dch v. i vi mt h thng tch hp, tng ny chnh l

tng ETL, x l d liu trc khi np vo kho d liu.

Vic tip cn kin trc hng dch v l mt phng php hu hiu nhm

p ng cc mi trng CNTT v cc ng dng ngy mt phc tp. Vic ny to

iu kin cn bn cho s pht trin ca cc ng dng theo kiu "modular" - c th

d dng tch hp, phi hp, bo v, gim st v s dng li - to nn mt h tng

c s CNTT linh hot v d ng dng, p ng cc nhu cu ca doanh nghip [13].

Cc cng ty nh IBM, SAP, BEA System v Microsoft cng b mt s sn

phm ca h c xy dng da trn SOA.

C th ni SOA v Web Service c nhng mi lin kt cht ch vi nhau.

Web Service th hin mt kin trc hng dch v. mt im chnh ca Web

Service l xy dng chc nng cho cc khi c th tip cn thng qua giao thc

- 18 -

Internet m khng ph thuc v nn v ngn ng lp trnh. Cc dch v ny c th

l cc ng dng mi hoc ch l bao ph xung quanh cc h thng tn ti v lm

cho chng c kh nng giao tip thng qua mi trng mng. Mt dch v c th

da trn mt dch v khc t c mc tiu ca n. Vi nhng u im ca

mnh, trong nhng nm gn y, SOA v Web Service ng vai tr rt quan trng

trong hng tip cn vn tch hp hng dch v.

Trong cc h thng tch hp thng tin, vn giao tip gia h thng tch

hp vi cc ngun d liu thng thng l trn mi trng mng, hn na cc

ngun d liu li a tp v nn, cu trc v ng ngha. Trong bi cnh , mt kin

trc tch hp mi c xut, chnh l SOIA (kin trc tch hp hng dch

v), qua c th h tr gii quyt c vn u tin l a tp v nn. Hn

na nu ng dng cng Web Service vo trong kin trc ny, vic xy dng cc

thnh phn chit d liu cho mi ngun c th pht trin c lp vi nhau, ty theo

hon cnh ca mi ngun, khng ph thuc vo ngn ng lp trnh. [13]

Kin trc tch hp hng dch v l mt kiu kin trc dnh cho cc h

thng tch hp cung cp d liu cho kho d liu. Kin trc ny da trn SOA, Web

Service v ETL. Bao gm bn thnh phn chnh.

SE (Dch v chit d liu):S lng dch v chit d liu khng hn ch, ty

thuc vo s lng ngun d liu. C chc nng tng t nh qu trnh chit d

liu trong qui trnh ETL.

ST (Dch v chuyn i):C chc nng nh qu trnh chuyn i trong qui

trnh ETL. Sau khi hon tt, dch v ny s gi n dch v np.

SL (Dch v np):Dch v ny lm nhim v y d liu vo kho d liu

SM (Dch v qun l):Dch v ny lm nhim v qun l cc thng tin v

ngun d liu, cu trc d liu dng chung v cc thng tin lin quan n qu trnh

tch hp.

Vic giao tip gia h thng tch hp hng dch v v cc ngun cung cp

d liu u din ra thng qua cc thng ip (message).

1.2. Tch hp thng tin t cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp h tr cho cc h

thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

- 19 -

1.2.1. H thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Vic t vn cho hc vin nhng kho hc no hc cn phi hc l mt vn

phc tp. mc cao nht, mc ch ca n l hng dn cho hc vin

va t c cc mc ch hc tp ca mnh v va tho mn cc yu cu ca kho

hc i vi bc hc ca mnh. V vy, vic to mt s t vn thng minh l mt

hot ng cn bng mang tnh tng i. iu ny l cn thit bit c cc s

thch v s trng ca hc vin la chn t danh sch cc kho hc ph hp

nht. Mt iu quan trng na l phi hiu cc quy ch ca bc hc hng hc

vin ch trng vo cc kho hc lin quan.

H thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn l h thng dng cho vic x l cc d

liu u vo ca hc vin, cc kt qu v la chn ca vic lp k hoch hc tp,

to ra mt hnh ng nh gi ca vic lp k hoch v a ra mt t vn v

k hoch ; dng cho vic x l u vo ca cc d liu thi gian biu to ra

mt hnh ng nh gi v mt li t vn i vi vic lp thi gian biu .

Hnh 1.9 l mt m hnh ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Cng c tch hp thng tin

B my t vn

Kho d liu

H thng o to trc tuynMoodle trn nn MYSQL

H thng o to trc tuynMoodle trn nn MS SQL Server

H thng o to trc tuynAtutor trn nn MYSQL

Khai ph d liu

Hc vin

Giao

din ngi

s dng

Siu d liu

H thng o to trc tuyn

Dch v cung cp d liuTerminology

Hnh 1.9 H thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Trong m hnh h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn trn, h thng t vn

hc tp trc tuyn c mt kho d liu cha thng tin lch s ca cc hc vin

tham gia cc chuyn ngnh o to ca cc h thng o to trc tuyn, d liu ny

- 20 -

c ly t cc h thng o to trc tuyn thng qua cng c tch hp thng tin.

Kho d liu ny s cung cp d liu cho cng c khai ph d liu, h tr tri thc

cho b my t vn hc tp trc tuyn hot ng.

u im ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn l:

Gim n mc ti thiu cc cng vic lp i lp li ca ngi t vn:

h thng nhm vo vic gim phn ln thi gian v cng sc ca ngi t vn cho

cc cng vic lp i lp li nh tr li cc cu hi thng xuyn bng in thoi

hoc email.

Khuyn khch hc vin chp nhn mt quan im mi v cng vic t

vn hc tp: bng vic tp trung cc thng tin hin c ti mt ni v cung cp cho

hc vin nhng cng c h tr h tr li cc cu hi cn c t vn thng

xuyn. iu ny c ngha l quan im ca hc vin v vic t vn hc tp s c

chuyn t trng thi b ng Ngi t vn s ni cho ti kho hc no ti c th

hc tip sang trng thi ch ng Ti s xem xt cc kho hc h thng cung cp

la chn kho hc m ti c th hc tip theo.

Cung cp s t vn hc tp theo mt cch nht qun: cc thng tin tham

kho c lu tr trc tuyn ti mt ni v vic s dng cng mt chng trnh

(hoc mt tp cc chng trnh) t vn cho hc vin nhng kho hc no hc

tip, v vy s khng nht qun thng xy ra i vi t vn c nhn l c gim

n mc ti thiu.

m bo cc thng tin lin quan n vic t vn u sn c ti cng mt

ni v cng mt nh dng: iu ny c ngha l h thng tr thnh mt cng giao

tip cho bt k hc vin no cn thng tin t vn. [9]

1.2.2. Cc vn chun ha cho ngun ti nguyn hc tp

Trong qu trnh tch hp thng tin t nhiu ngun ri rc, phn tn v a tp,

mt trong nhng yu t nn tng l xy dng cc chun, qua lm nn tng cho

qu trnh tch hp thng tin.

IMS Learner Information Packaging Information Model Specification (c

vit tt l IMS) l mt ti liu m t y cc thng tin ca mt h s hc vin.

y l mt chun c nhiu t chc tun theo, trong Moodle cng nh

- 21 -

hng s pht trin phn mm nn o to trc tuyn ca h theo chun ny trong

cc phin bn tip theo. Chun ny do IMS Global Learning Consortium cng b.

Vi mc tiu l xy dng mt chun chung v thng tin ca hc vin cho cc

h thng o to trc tuyn, trong lun vn ny, chng ti s xut mt chun

chung v thng tin hc vin da trn chun IMS.

Ngoi ra i vi h thng tch hp h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn,

cn c cc vn ring cn phi gii quyt l:

Yu cu v l trnh hc tp

Mi chuyn ngnh m hc vin theo hc, s c cc l trnh hc tp khc

nhau. Mi l trnh s bao gm cc kha hc khc nhau v hc vin khi tham gia hc

tp theo mt l trnh cn phi vt qua tt c cc kha hc trong l trnh ny. Mi

mt hc vin phi la chn cho mnh mt l trnh hc tp ph hp vi s thch,

trnh ca bn thn sao cho kt qu hc tp l cao nht. H thng tch hp phi

m bo qun l c tt c cc l trnh hc tp m hc vin tham gia o to.

B t kha v ngnh hc, kha hc

Mi h thng o to trc tuyn c mt t kha ring v cc ngnh hc v

cc kha hc, v vy cn c mt chun chung cho tt c cc h thng o to trc

tuyn, h thng t vn c th hot ng c. Vic xy dng b t kha ny da

trn siu d liu, ng thi cng xy dng tp nh x nh x b t kha t cc h

thng o to trc tuyn v chun chung.

D liu ngun ngoi v yu cu v bng d kin c s

D liu ngun ngoi l d liu ca cc h thng o to trc tuyn ang hot

ng, nhm cung cp d liu cho h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Trong cc h

thng o to trc tuyn, lu tr y cc thng tin v c im c nhn ca hc

vin, d liu v cc kha hc, cc ngnh hc cng nh l trnh ca cc ngnh hc.

Ngoi ra cc h thng ny cn ghi li qu trnh hc tp ca hc vin nh, lch tham

gia cc kha hc, kt qu hc tp. Tuy nhin cc thng tin ny c lu tr trong

nhiu bng khc nhau v phc v cho chc nng l o to trc tuyn.

Bng d kin c s ca kho d liu cn phi lu tr y cc thng tin cn

thit ca hc vin m bo cho vic khai ph d liu c th ra cc qui lut chung,

- 22 -

t c th thc hin hot ng t vn cho hc vin. iu ny ht sc quan trng

khi thit k kho d liu cho h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

1.3. Tiu kt

Trong chng ny trnh by cc khi nim lin quan n h thng tch

hp thng tin nh Kho d liu, ETL, Tch hp d liu, Kin trc hng dch v,

Web Service v h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Ngoi ra trong chng ny cng

cp n cc kh khn v thch thc khi xy dng h thng tch hp thng tin h

tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

- 23 -

CHNG 2 M HNH HA H THNG TCH HP THNG TIN H TR

H THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN

2.1. Pht biu bi ton

2.1.1. Yu cu ca h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

D liu u vo:

D liu vo ca h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp

trc tuyn c phn thnh hai loi: Cc c s d liu quan h v d liu cung cp

thng qua cc dch v.

Cc c s d liu quan h c th thuc bt k phn mm nn dy hc trc

tuyn no. Tuy nhin. trong gii hn ca lun vn ny, chng ti ch kho st trn

hai phn mm nn dy hc m ngun m c s dng ph bin l Moodle v

Atutor. Phn mm Moodle c th trin khai trn trn nhiu h qun tr c s d liu

khc nhau nh SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, PosgestSQL. Phn mm Atutor hin

nay ch h tr trin khai trn h qun tr c s d liu MySQL.

Ngoi ra, cc h thng o to trc tuyn c th xy dng h thng ca mnh

theo kin trc hng dch v, i vi vi cc h thng ny, thng tin trao i vi

cc h thng khc u thng qua cc dch v, di dng thng ip.

Trong c s d liu ca phn mm nn dy hc trc tuyn moodle c tt c

208 bng, c th ci t trn cc h qun tr c s d liu nh MySQL, MS SQL,

Oracle, Postgres. Trong s 208 bng , qua kho st, chng ti chn ra 6 trong

208 c cha cc thng tin cn thit tch hp vo kho d liu. Cc bng c

chn c lc quan h th hin trong Hnh 2.1:

- 24 -

Hnh 2.1 Lc quan h ca cc bng cha thng tin cn tch hp ca phn mm Moodle

Atutor ch h tr i vi h qun tr c s d liu MySQL, vi 59 bng. Qua

kho st, chng ti ly ra 5 bng c cha cc thng tin cn thit cho qu trnh tch

hp d liu, cc bng ny c th hin trong lc quan h thng qua Hnh 2.2.

- 25 -

Hnh 2.2 Lc quan h ca cc bng cha thng tin cn tch hp ca phn mm ATutor

u ra: D liu tng hp lu trong bng d kin c s ca kho d liu ca

h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

2.1.2. M hnh nghip v h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Da trn vic phn tch yu cu ca bi ton tch hp thng tin cho kho d

liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn, chng ti xy dng m hnh nghip v

ca h thng tch hp thng tin c th hin trong Hnh 2.3.

- 26 -

Cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn

H thng tch hp thng tin

CSDL ATutor

Dch v cung cp d liu

Lm sch d liu

Dch v chit d liu

Chit d liu

CSDL Moodle

(MYSQL)

Kho d liu

CSDL Moodle

(MS SQL Server)

CSDL Atutor

(MYSQL)CSDL Moodle 1

Dch v cung cp d liu

CSDL Moodle 2

Dch v cung cp d liu

Chuyn i d liu

Np d liu

Giao din ngi s dng

Ngi cung cp d liu

1. Cung cp d liu2. Cp nht thng tin3. Xem nht k

3.1 Kch hot dch v tch hp d liu 3.2 Kch hot chc nng tch hp d liu

3.1.3 D liu ng b

3.2.3 D liu ng b

4 D liu lm sch

5 D liu sn sng np vo kho

6. Cu truy vn np d liu

3.1.1 Thng ip yu cu d liu

3.1.2 Thng ip d liu

3.2.2 D liu

3.2.1 Kt ni, truy vn d liu

Terminology

Siu d liu

Ngi qun tr

1. nh ngha cc ngun cung cp d liu2. Qun l cc ngun cung cp d liu3. Xem nht k cung cp d liu ca cc ngun

Hnh 2.3 M hnh nghip v h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Terminology: Terminology (h thng thut ng) l mt tp cc thut ng

c s dng thit lp cc khi nim c lin quan n ch c th, m y l

cc khi nim lin quan n vic h tr t vn hc tp, cc thut ng ny c t

chc v qun l theo cy phn cp

Siu d liu: Kho cha cc thng tin m t cc ngun d liu, cc tp nh x

t cc ngun d liu vo chun chung

Giao din ngi s dng: giao din cung cp cc chc nng ngi cung

cp d liu thc hin cc chc nng ca mnh

- 27 -

Dch v chit d liu: b phn ny c xy dng theo kin trc hng dch

v, c chc nng to cc thng ip yu cu v x l cc thng ip phn hi t cc

dch v cung cp d liu.

Dch v cung cp d liu: Dch v c chc nng cung cp d liu cho kho

d liu di dng cc thng ip c cha d liu.

Chit d liu: b phn thc hin cc kt ni n cc ngun d liu, to cc

cu truy vn v thc hin cc cu truy vn ly d liu t cc ngun cung cp

cho php ly d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip n c s d liu ca h thng

Lm sch d liu: B phn c chc nng lm sch d liu c cung cp t

cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn

Chuyn i d liu: B phn thc hin cc chc nng nhm chuyn i d

liu ph hp vi kho d liu

Np d liu: B phn c nhim v np d liu vo kho d liu ca h thng

t vn tr tuyn

Kho d liu: Kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn: L cc c s d liu ca cc h

thng o to trc tuyn.

2.2. Mt s hng trin khai h tr qu trnh tch hp thng tin

Theo m hnh nghip v nh trnh by phn trn, h thng tch hp

thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn thu thp d liu thng qua hai

phng thc, l kt ni trc tip n cc ngun d liu v s dng cc cu truy

vn SQL thu thp d liu.

Vic kt ni v truy vn n cc ngun d liu ph thuc vo tng h qun

tr c s d liu ca mi ngun d liu, v vy trong h thng tch hp thng tin cn

c cng c to cu kt ni v to cu truy vn mt cch t ng, ty thuc vo

tng ngun d liu c th. Cng vic ny da trn cc thng tin c nh ngha

v ngun d liu c lu trong Siu d liu ca h thng tch hp thng tin.

Phng thc thu thp d liu th hai l thng qua cc dch v cung cp d

liu, trong gii hn ca lun vn ny, ch tip cn vi cc dch v cung cp d liu

c xy dng bng cng ngh Web Service. i vi phng thc ny, mi s trao

- 28 -

i thng tin gia h thng tch hp v ngun cung cp d liu u thng qua cc

thng ip. V vy trong h thng tch hp phi c cng c to thng ip yu cu

dch v cung cp d liu, thc hin cng vic cung cp d liu cho h thng tch

hp thng tin. ng thi, h thng tch hp thng tin cng cn phi c dch v nhn

thng ip phn hi t dch v cung cp d liu. Hn na d liu m dch v cung

cp d liu chuyn cho h thng tch hp dng cc thng ip, v vy h thng

tch hp thng tin phi c mt cng c phn tch thng ip trch d liu t cc

thng ip cha d liu.

M hnh nghip v ca h thng tch hp thng tin c xy dng da trn

qui trnh ETL, tuy nhin qu trnh chit d liu khng ch n thun l thu thp d

liu thng qua vic thc hin cc cu truy vn SQL trn cc h qun tr c s s liu

m cn thu thp thng qua cc dch v di dng cc thng ip.

Hng xy dng ca lun vn:

Nh trnh by chng I, cc ngun cung cp d liu cho kho d liu ca

h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn vn a tp, v vy cn c cng c tch hp thng

tin cung cp d liu m bo cht lng cho kho d liu. C th, lun vn tp

trung vo tm hiu v gii quyt mt s vn sau y:

Xy dng mt chun chung v thng tin hc vin cho cc h thng o

to trc tuyn nhm phc v cho qu trnh tch hp thng tin ca h

thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Xy dng m hnh kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Xy dng mt nh ngha chung cho cc dch v cung cp d liu v

chun chung cho cc thng ip ca dch v cung cp v dch v chit

d liu.

Xy dng kin trc h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn

hc tp trc tuyn v mt chng trnh demo m phng h thng ny.

- 29 -

2.3. M hnh ha h thng

Kin trc ca h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc

tuyn c xy dng da trn phn tch cc yu cu ca h thng v m hnh

nghip v trnh by phn trn. Kin trc ny c xy dng da trn cc cng

ngh nh Web Service, Siu d liu, Kho d liu, Qui trnh ETL:

ch

Cc ngun ti nguynhc tp trc tuyn

H thng tch hp thng tin

CSDL Moodle

(MYSQL)

CSDL Moodle

(MS SQL Server)

CSDL Atutor

(MYSQL)

Kho d liu h thngt vn hc tp trc tuyn

Chuyn i d liu

Np d liu

Qun l thng tin ngun v ch

Chit d liu theo hng kt ni trc tip

Dch v chit d liu

Dch v cung cp d liu 1

Dch v cung cp d liu 2

Dch v cung cp d liu 3

CSDL Moodle 1

CSDL Moodle 2

CSDL ATutor

Terminology

Siu d liu

Hnh 2.4 Kin trc h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Kin trc ca h thng bao gm 5 thnh phn chnh v 2 kho cha bao gm

Terminology, siu d liu. Hai kho cha ny tc ng n hu ht tt c cc chc

nng trong qu trnh tch hp.

u vo ca h thng l cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn v u ra

chnh l d liu c np vo kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

- 30 -

Mi thnh phn trong m hnh kin trc trn c nhng chc nng v ng

cc vai tr khc nhau trong h thng tch hp. Cu trc chi tit ca tng thnh phn

s c trnh by c th trong phn sau y.

Thnh phn dch v chit d liu:

y l giao din dch v c nhim v giao tip vi cc ngun cung cp d

liu thng qua cc dch v. Theo cch tip cn thng thng th h thng tch hp

s kt ni trc tip n c s d liu ca cc ngun ti nguyn hc v truy vn d

liu trc tip bng cc cu lnh SQL.

Tuy nhin cch tip cn ny bt buc nhng ngi qun tr ca cc h thng

o to trc tuyn phi cung cp mt ti khon ng nhp vo c s d liu ca h.

iu ny lm gim s an ton thng tin ca cc h thng o to trc tuyn ang

hot ng. gii quyt vn ny, mt hng tip cn khc l xy dng cc dch

v cung cp d liu cho h thng tch hp. Theo h thng tch hp s c cc

dch v tng ng giao tip vi cc dch v cung cp d liu. Kin trc ca dch

v chit d liu c th hin thng qua Hnh 2.5.

Hnh 2.5 Kin trc dch v chit d liu

Theo m hnh trn, d liu sau khi nhn c s dng cc thng ip v

c chuyn cho khi chc nng x l thng ip tch d liu cha trong cc

- 31 -

thng ip . Sau d liu s c chuyn vo cc khi chc nng lm sch v

nh dng d liu chuyn d liu v chun chung m h thng qui nh.

Thnh phn chit d liu theo hng kt ni trc tip

y chnh l hng tip cn vi cc ngun ti nguyn hc tp trc tuyn

theo kiu truyn thng. Nh trnh by phn trc, mc d hng tip cn ny

c mt s nhc im, tuy nhin n vn c p dng i vi cc ngun ti nguyn

hc tp trc tuyn c qun l cht ch, hoc c qun l bi chnh ngi pht

trin h thng tch hp thng tin.

Chit d liu

Lm sch d liu

nh dng d liu

Kt ni n ngun

Ngun cung cp

Query

Data result

Ngun ti nguynhc tp trc tuyn

Truy vn d liu

To cu truy vn

To chui kt ni

Connection

Terminology

Siu d liu

Hnh 2.6 Kin trc chit d liu theo hng kt ni trc tip

M hnh chit d liu c cha hai thnh phn tng t nh trong kin trc

dch v chit d liu, khi xy dng h thng hai thnh phn ny s c s dng

chung trong c hai chc nng.

Thnh phn chuyn i d liu

Qu trnh chuyn i d liu s din tra trong bn qu trnh chnh, c th

hin nh l bn khi chc nng trong Hnh 2.7. Mi chc nng s thc hin cc

cng vic tng ng nhm chuyn i d liu ph hp vi kho d liu ca h thng

o to trc tuyn.

- 32 -

Chuyn i d liu

Kt hp d liu Lc d liu Ni d liu Sp xp d liu

Qun l qu trnhchuyn i d liu

Terminology

Siu d liu

Hnh 2.7 Kin trc chc nng chuyn i d liu

Thnh phn np d liu

y l chc nng cui cng trong qu trnh tch hp. Chc nng ny thc

hin cng vic to ra cc cu truy vn SQL v thc hin cu truy vn t d liu

c nh dng theo qui nh ca kho d liu, d liu ny nhn c t thnh phn

chuyn i d liu.

Np d liu

Insert QueryTo truy vn Cp nht d liu

Kho d liu

Terminology

Siu d liu

Hnh 2.8 Kin trc chc nng np d liu

- 33 -

Thnh phn qun l thng tin ngun v ch

Thnh phn ny chc cc chc nng nh ngha ngun d liu, kch hot qu

trnh tch hp thng tin, v cc chc nng qun l v cung cp cc thng lin qu

n qu trnh tch hp cho cc thnh phn khc trong h thng.

Qun l thng tin ngun v ch

nh ngha ngun d liu

Kch hot qu trnh tch hp

Terminology

Siu d liu

Hnh 2.9 Kin trc chc nng qun l thng tin nghun v ch

2.4. Xy dng chun chung v thng tin hc vin

Hin nay, cc h thng o to trc tuyn khc nhau u lu tr thng tin

ca hc vin theo nh dng ca ring mnh, iu ny dn n s kh khn trong

qu trnh tch hp thng tin t nhiu h thng o to trc tuyn khc nhau. V vy

cn c mt chun chung v thng tin hc vin, cc h thng o to trc tuyn khi

cung cp thng tin cho h thng tch hp phi tun theo chun ny. Tuy nhin,

chun ny phi ph hp vi tt c cc h thng o to trc tuyn.

Hin ny phn ln cc h thng o to trc tuyn u hng n vic lu

tr thng tin hc vin da theo cc chun, m ph bin l chun IMS. V vy, trong

lun vn ny chng ti s xy dng mt chun chung v thng tin hc vin da trn

chun IMS. Theo chun v thng tin ca hc vin m IMS cng b, h s ca

mt hc vin bao gm nhng thng tin trong Bng 2.1.

- 34 -

Bng 2.1 Thng tin hc vin theo chun IMS

STT Tn trng M t

1 identification Thng tin v hc vin, v d nh h tn, a ch lin h, tui.

2 accessibility Nhng vn tip cn vi hc vin nh ngn ng, bnh tt, s u i v tnh thch hp

3 goal Hc tp, ngh nghip v cc mc tiu v tham vng khc.

4 qcl Cc chng nhn, bng cp nhn do hon thnh cc kha hc trc y.

5 activity Cc hot ng tng ng vi cc thng tin ca hc vin.

6 competency Kh nng hc tp t c.

7 interest Cc thng tin m t v s thch, v cc hot ng gii tr ca hc vin.

8 affiliation Thnh vin ca cc t chc hc tp, gii tr, chuyn gia, x hi.

9 transcript Ghi nhn tm tt v qu trnh hc tp.

10 securitykey Kha bo mt s dng trong vic giao tip vi hc vin.

11 relationship Cc mi quan h c thit lp gia cc cu trc d liu khc nhau.

12 extension Trng dnh cho vic m rng thng tin hc vin.

Trong bng thng tin trn, chng ti s khng quan tm n mt s thng tin

khng lin quan n vn t vn cho hc vin. V d nh thng tin s 10

securitykey, v thng tin ny ch phc v cho cc h thng o to trc tuyn, thng

tin 12 extension dnh cho vic m rng thng tin v hc vin. T tm ra cc

thng tin chi tit ca hc vin c trnh by trong cc Bng 2.2, 2.3, 2.4 v 2.5.

Bng 2.2 Bng thng tin identification

STT Tn trng M t

1.5 address Khu vc hc vin ang sng

1.7 gender Gii tnh.

1.8 birthdate Ngy sinh

- 35 -

Bng 2.3 Bng thng tin Goal

STT Tn trng M t

3.4 date Ngy t c mc tiu.

3.5 priority u tin ca mc tiu.

3.6 status Trng thi hin nay ca mc tiu.

3.8 goal Mc tiu.

Bng 2.4 Bng thng tin Qcl

STT Tn trng M t

4.4 title Tn ca chng nhn, chng ch hoc bng

cp.

4.5 organisation T chc chu trch nhim i vi chng

nhn, chng ch hoc bng cp.

4.7 level Cp /im ca qcl.

4.8 date Ngy c cp qcl.

Bng 2.5 Bng thng tin Activity

STT Tn trng M t

5.4 date Ngy tham gia hot ng.

5.5 status Trng thi hot ng.

5.6 units Khi c gn vi hot ng

5.7 learningactivityref Tham chiu ti cc hot ng bn

ngoi.

5.9 product Sn phm c to ra do hot ng ny.

5.10 testimonial Mt chng nhn cho hc vin bi

nhng ngi lin quan n hot ng

5.11 evaluation nh gi v hot ng, c th thng qua

mt k thi hoc bi lun.

5.13 activity Hot ng.

- 36 -

Tng hp cc thng tin ca hc vin t chun IMS, kt hp vi qu trnh

kho st cc phn mm nn dy hc trc tuyn moodle, Atutor v phn tch yu cu

ca kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Chng ti xy dng c

chun chung cho thng tin ca hc vin c trnh by trong Bng 2.6, trong chun

chung ny cha cc thng tin theo chun IMS v m rng thm mt s thuc tnh

cn thit khc nhm h tr y thng tin cho h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn,

cc thng tin ny u c sn trong cc h thng o to trc tuyn Moodle v

Atutor:

Bng 2.6 Bng chun chung thng tin ca hc vin

STT Tn trng M t 1 student_id M hc vin

2 local_id M khu vc ca hc vin sinh sng

3 gender Gii tnh

4 birthdate Nm sinh ca hc vin

5 timeperweek S gi hc ca hc vin trong mt tun

6 goal Bng cp m hc vin mun t c.

7 goal_level Cp bng cp m hc vin t c.

8 goal_date Ngy m hc vin nhn c bng

9 course_id Kha hc tri qua.

10 course_level Cp thc hin kha hc

11 course_datestart Ngy bt u kha hc

12 course_datefinish Ngy hon thnh

13 number_test S ln thi i vi kha hc

2.5. M hnh kho d liu

Da trn yu cu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn, chng ti xy dng

m hnh lu tr d liu a chiu ca kho d liu h tr cho h thng t vn hc tp

trc tuyn nh sau:

Cc chiu trong kho d liu bao gm:

Chiu thi gian

Chiu a l

Chiu ngnh hc

Chiu l trnh (Chiu ph)

Trong cc chiu c phn cp nh trong hnh 2.10.

- 37 -

Hnh 2.10 Phn cp cc chiu trong kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Yu cu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn i vi thi gian ch n cp

thng, nn y ch phn cp chiu thi gian ngang mc thng, Bin ca

nm trong chiu thi gian s nm trong khong t 1995 n 2020.

Trong chiu vng, ch phn cp mc: Tnh hoc Thnh ph trung ng.

Chiu vng c tng hp v phn thnh ba loi vng: vng loi 1, vng loi 2,

vng loi 3.

Vng loi 1: gm cc tnh, thnh ph c c s h tng tt nht v nng lc

ca hc vin cng cao nht, v d nh TP.H Ch Minh, H Ni.

Vng loi 2: gm cc tnh thnh ph c c s h tng trung bnh nh Hu,

Nng.

Vng loi 3: Bao gm cc tnh, thnh ph c c s h tng cha pht trin

nh l Qung Bnh, ak Lak.

Trong chiu Ngnh hc, Bao gm c 3 cp, trong cp l l kha hc v

nhu cu t vn l mun bit nn hc nhng kha hc no. trong phm vi ca lun

vn, cc chiu ngnh hc trong kho d liu c a vo cc kha hc ca 4

Tt c

Ngnh

Chuyn ngnh

Kha hc

Tt c

Tnh Thnh ph TW

Tt c

Nm

Thng

Chiu thi gian Chiu a l Chiu ngnh hc

Tt c

L trnh

Chiu l trnh

- 38 -

Hnh 2.11 M hnh lu tr trong kho d liu theo lc hnh sao

chuyn ngnh cng ngh thng tin, bao gm: Khoa hc my tnh, H thng thng

tin, K thut my tnh, K thut phn mm.

Chiu L trnh l chiu ph, c s dng trong vic xy dng cc bng

tng hp.

M hnh lu tr trong kho d liu

dim_category

id

cat_id

goal_id

course_id

catname

goalname

course_name

dim_learningpath

id

learningpath

dim_time

id

month

year

dim_local

id

local_id

localname

facttable

id

studentNumber

local_id

gender

birthdate

timeperweek

goal_id

goal_level

goal_date

course_id

course_level

course_datestart

course_datefinish

number_test

learningpath

M trnh lu tr ca kho d liu c xy dng theo lc hnh sao, bao

gm mt bng d liu facttable v bn bng chiu xung quanh. Trong :

Bng chiu thi gian dim_time c 3 trng. Vi id l trng kha chnh ca

bng (iu ny tng t i vi cc bng khc), thuc tnh mang gi tr nm year

v thuc tnh month mang gi tr thng.

Bng chiu l trnh bao gm 2 trng, y l chiu ph s dng trong vic

qun l l trnh hc tp ca hc vin, mt l trnh hc tp bao gm mt tp cc kha

hc.

- 39 -

Bng chiu khu vc dim_local cng c 3 thuc tnh trong thuc tnh

local_id mang gi tr m ca khu vc v tn khu vc c lu tr trong trng

localname.

Bng chiu cn li l chiu ngnh hc dim_category c su thuc tnh, c

chia lm 3 cp ln lt nh sau: cat_id, catname l m v tn ca ngnh hc,

goal_id, goalname l m v tn ca chuyn ngnh ca ngnh cat_id tng ng.

Cui cng l course_id, coursename l m v tn ca kha hc trong chuyn ngnh

goal_id.

Bng d kin c s bao gm cc trng nh sau:

studentNumber: S lng hc vin c cng chung thng tin, trng ny c

kiu s nguyn.

local_id: Trng ny mang gi tr l m khu vc tng ng vi trng

local_id trong bng chiu khu vc.

gender: Gii tnh ca nhm hc vin c cng thuc tnh.

birthdate: Nm sinh ca nhm hc vin, trong yu cu ca h thng t vn,

chng ti ch lu tr mc nm i vi nhm hc vin c cng thuc tnh phc

v cho cc t vn lin quan n tui ca hc vin.

timeperweek: Mi hc vin c mt lng thi gian hc tp ring trong mt

tun, iu ny cng nh hng n kt qu hc tp cng nh thi gian hon thnh

cc kha hc. Thi gian hc vin hc tp trong mt tun c tnh bng n v gi.

cat_id: M ca ngnh m nhm hc vin ang theo hc.

goal_id: M chuyn ngnh ca nhm hc vin ang hc.

goal_level: Loi bng m hc vin nhn c sau khi kt thc chuyn ngnh

ny. o ca trng ny l XS (Xut sc), K (kh), TBK (trung bnh kh), TB

(trung bnh) v Y (yu).

goal_date: Thi gian hc vin hon thnh chuyn ngnh hc ca mnh. c

tnh bng n v Nm.

course_id: M kha hc m hc vin theo hc, m ny c qun l bi cy

thut ng (Terminology).

- 40 -

course_level: im trung bnh ca kha hc m hc vin t c. o

ca trng ny l s nguyn.

course_datestart: Thi gian m nhm hc vin ny bt u tham gia kha

hc.

course_datefinish: Thi gian nhm hc vin hon thnh kha hc.

number_test: S ln thi m nhm hc vin ny phi thc hin vt qua

kha hc (Trong trng hp hc vin khng vt qua ln thi th nht).

learningpath: L trnh hc tp ca hc vin, y l thuc tnh h tr xy

dng cc bng tng hp s dng trong qu trnh khai ph d liu.

2.6. Xy dng lc cc bng siu d liu ca h thng tch hp

2.6.1. Lc cc bng qun l thng tin cc ngun cung cp

Lc ny bao gm 3 bng, bng provider lu tr cc thng tin v t

chc/ngi cung cp d liu cho h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Bng

database lu tr cc thng tin phc v cho vic kt ni n c s d liu ca ngun

cung cp trong trng hp ngun cung cp cho php kt ni trc tip n c s d

liu ca h thng. Trong trng hp ngc li, cc thng tin v dch v cung cp

d liu s c lu tr trong bng service.

- 41 -

Ngoi ra, trong lc ny cn bao gm bng mapping, bng ny lu tr tp

nh x t cc ngun cung cp vo mt chun chung. Trong phm vi lun vn, cc

h thng o to trc tuyn cung cp d liu cho h thng tch hp thng qua

phng thc kt ni trc tip s dng mt trong hai phn mm nn Moodle hoc

Atutor, tp nh x t hai ngun ny vo chun chung s c nh ngha trc

trong h thng. i vi cc ngun cung cp thng qua cc dch v, tp nh x s

c xy dng trong qu trnh nh ngha ngun cung cp dch v.

provider

id

fullname

address

phone

email

username

password

sourcename

flatform

connecttype

database

id

provider_id

databaseserver

username

password

databasename

port

service

id

provider_id

serviceaddress

username

password

connectssl

getnumberfunction

getprofilefunction

Hnh 2.12 Lc cc bng qun l thng tin ngun cung cp

- 42 -

2.6.2. Bng lu tr cc lut lm sch d liu

cung cp cc qui tc lm sch d liu, chng ti xy dng hai bng lu

cc qui tc lm sch, c lc nh hnh bn di, trong bng cleanrulepublic

cha cc lut lm sch chung v p dng cho tt c cc ngun d liu. bng

cleanruleprivate cha cc lut lm sch tng ng vi mi ngun cung cp c m

tng ng vi gi tr ca trng provider_id. Cc qui tc ca tng ngun s c

xy dng trong qu trnh nh ngha ngun cung cp. Trong hai bng cha qui tc

lm sch, trng rule cha d liu dng tng hp vi cc qui tc sau:

rule = $chui1||$chui2

Trong $chui1 l chui ngun v bt buc khng c mang gi tr rng

$chui 2 l chui ch v c th mang gi tr rng trong trng hp mun

loi b chui ch ra khi gi tr cn lm sch.

Qui tc lm sch s c thc hin nh sau: Khi x l d liu ca trng

tng ng vi gi tr trong trng fieldname ca bng cleanrulepublic hoc

cleanruleprivate ca ngun tng ng, h thng s thay th gi tr $chui1 trong

trng bng $chui2.

mapping

id

provider_id

student_id

local_id

gender

birthdate

timeperweek

goal

goal_level

goal_date

learningway

course_id

course_level

course_datestart

course_datefinish

number_test

provider

id

fullname

address

phone

email

username

password

sourcename

flatform

connecttype

Hnh 2.13 Lc bng nh x

- 43 -

2.6.3. H thng cy thut ng (Terminology)

Cy thut ng c xy dng vi mc ch phc v cho qu trnh tch hp

cng nh trong qu trnh qun l kho d liu, khai phi d liu v qu trnh t vn

ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn. Cu trc ca cy thut ng c c th

hin nh trong Hnh 2.15.

Ngnh hc Tn ngnh hc M ngnh hc Tn ng ngha M ng ngha

Chuyn ngnh hc Tn chuyn ngnh

M chuyn ngnh

Tn ng ngha M ng ngha

Cc kha hc chung Tn kha hc M kha hc Tn ng ngha M ng ngha

Cc kha hc c s Tn kha hc M kha hc Tn ng ngha M ng ngha

Cc kha hc chuyn ngnh Tn kha hc M kha hc Tn ng ngha M ng ngha M cc kha c th thay

th kh hc ny

Hnh 2.15 Cu trc cy thut ng ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

cleanruleprivate

id

provider_id

fieldname

rule

cleanrulepublic

id

fieldname

rule

provider

id

fullname

address

phone

email

username

password

sourcename

flatform

connecttype

Hnh 2.14 Lc cc bng lut lm sch

- 44 -

Cy thut ng bao gm cc ngnh hc, cc chuyn ngnh tng ng vi mi

ngnh hc. Vi mi chuyn ngnh bao gm tt c cc kha hc m hc vin hc

chuyn ngnh c th tham gia. Mi ngnh, chuyn ngnh v kha hc c xem

nh l mt nt trong cy thut ng. Mi nt u c mt tp thuc tnh h tr cho

nhu cu ca h thng tch hp thng tin v h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

2.7. M hnh ha h thng tch hp thng tin bng ngn ng UML

Da trn vic phn tch cc yu cu v h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h

thng t vn, da trn m hnh nghip v v m hnh kho d liu xy dng cc

phn trn, chng ti tin hnh m hnh ha h thng bng ngn ng UML, y l c

s cho giai on ci t h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn. H

thng c m hnh ha thng qua biu trng hp s dng (Usecase, vit tt l

UC) c trnh by trong Hnh 2.16.

Hnh 2.16 Lc UC h thng tch hp thng tin

Trong lc UC trn, i tng s dng h thng gm c hai loi. Ngi

cung cp d liu: l ngi s thc hin cng vic cung cp d liu cho h thng tch

hp, nhng ngi ny thng thng l nhng ngi qun tr c s d liu ca cc

h thng o to trc tuyn. H l nhng ngi chu trch nhim v cht lng d

- 45 -

liu cung cp cho h thng tch hp thng tin. i tng s dng th hai l ngi

qun tr mng, chu trch nhim qun l hot ng ca h thng tch hp thng tin,

thng tin ca nhng ngi cung cp d liu v xem nht k cung cp d liu ca

cc ngun cung cp d liu.

Cc chc nng chnh c th hin trong m hnh UC bao gm:

2.7.1. Lc chc nng ng k ngun d liu:

Chc nng ny c thc hin bi ngi qun tr h thng. y l chc nng

nhm nh ngha thng tin ca ngun d liu. Cc cng vic chnh trong chc nng

ny bao gm nh ngha ngun d liu, cung cp cc thng tin chung v ngun d

liu cho h thng nh tn t chc cung cp thng tin, a ch lin h, tn ngun d

liu, phng thc cung cp d liu, h qun tr c s d liu c s dng.

Cc cng vic ng k thng tin ngun cung cp d liu c th hin tng bc thng qua lc tun t nh trong Hnh 2.17

Hnh 2.17 Lc tun t: ng k ngun cung cp d liu

2.7.2. Lc chc nng Kch hot qu trnh cung cp thng tin

y l chc nng ca ngi cung cp d liu. Sau khi c ngi qun tr

h thng to thng tin v ngun d liu v ti khon ng nhp trn h thng tch

- 46 -

hp thng tin. Ngi cung cp thng tin c th s dng tn ng nhp v mt khu

(c cung cp bi ngi qun tr) ng nhp vo h thng v thc hin cng

vic cung cp thng tin cho h thng. Trong bc u tin ca qu trnh cung cp

thng tin, h thng tch hp xc nh ngun d liu s cung cp thng tin cho h

thng theo phng thc no. Da vo h thng s c nhng phn ng ph hp

vi phng thc ca ngun cung cp. Cc bc ca qu trnh kch hoch chc nng

cung cp thng tin c biu din trong trong Hnh 2.18:

Hnh 2.18 Lc tun t: Kch hot qu trnh cung cp thng tin

2.7.3. Lc chc nng chit d liu thng qua dch v

Sau khi qu trnh kch hot chc nng cung cp thng tin, nu h thng xc

nh c ngun cung cp thc hin giao tip vi h thng thng qua dch v, h

thng tch hp s chuyn thng tin v ngun d liu cho dch v chit d liu thng

qua dch v ca h thng, dch v ny s phn tch cc thng tin v dch v cung

cp d liu v to ra cc thng ip yu cu v gi cho dch v cung cp. Sau khi

dch v chit d liu nhn c thng ip cha d liu t dch v cung cp, s

thc hin cc thao tc tch d liu t cc thng ip nhn c, x l v gi cho

b phn chuyn i d liu, m hnh tun t c th hin nh trong Hnh 2.19.

- 47 -

Hnh 2.19 Lc tun t: Chit d liu thng qua dch v

2.7.4. Lc chc nng chit d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip

Tng t nh chc nng chit d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip n ngun

d liu, trong trng hp nu ngun cung cp cho php kt ni trc tip n c s

d liu. H thng s chuyn cc thng tin v ngun cung cp cho b phn chit d

liu thng qua kt ni trc tip n c s d liu ca ngun. Trong chc nng ny,

mi s giao tip gia h thng tch hp v ngun d liu u thng qua cc cu truy

vn SQL. Qu trnh thc hin cng vic chit d liu c m hnh ha trong lc

tun t thng qua Hnh 2.20.

- 48 -

Hnh 2.20 Lc tun t: Chit d liu thng qua phng thc kt ni trc tip

2.7.5. Lc chc nng chuyn i d liu

Trong c hai lc chit thng tin trn, nhn thy rng, kt thc ca qu

trnh chit d liu, d liu thu thp c s chuyn cho b phn chuyn i d liu.

Khi b phn chuyn i d liu nhn c d liu s thc hin cc cng vic

chuyn i nhm a d liu v ng vi cu trc v nh dng ca kho d liu.

Cc qu trnh c m hnh bng m hnh tun t nh trong Hnh 2.21.

- 49 -

Hnh 2.21 Lc tun t: Chuyn i d liu

2.7.6. Lc chc nng np d liu

y l gian on cui cng ca qu trnh tch hp thng tin ca h thng tch

hp. Giai on ny thc hin cng vic np d liu vo kho d liu ca h thng t

vn hc tp trc tuyn. cc cng vic c th hin nh trong m hnh tun t nh

trong Hnh 2.22.

Hnh 2.22 Lc tun t: Np d liu

- 50 -

2.7.7. Lc trin khai h thng tch hp thng tin

H thng tch hp thng tin c trin khai nh trong Hnh 2.23.

Hnh 2.23 Lc trin khai H thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn

Trong m hnh trin khai, ng dng tch hp thng tin c ci t trn mt

my ch Web Apache v PHP, kho d liu c trin khai trn mt my ch c s

d liu MySQL. Cc ngun cung cp c trin khai phn tn v chy trn cc h

qun tr c s d liu MS SQL Server m MySQL. Cc dch v cung cp d liu

c xy dng bng cng ngh Web Service. i tng s dng h thng bao gm

Ngi qun tr v ngi cung cp d liu.

2.8. Tiu kt

Chng ny trnh by cc yu cu vo ra ca h thng tch hp thng tin

h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn, ng thi cng xy dng m hnh nghip

v v thit k kin trc ca h thng. Phn cui trong chng ny, chng ti

trnh by thit k ca h thng da trn UML.

- 51 -

CHNG 3

XY DNG H THNG TCH HP THNG TIN H TR H

THNG T VN HC TP TRC TUYN

3.1. Xy dng thut ton cho cc chc nng chnh ca h thng

3.1.1. Chc nng tng th ca h thng tch hp thng tin

Hot ng ca h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h thng t vn hc tp trc

tuyn c minh ha qua m hnh thut ton c th hin nh trong Hnh 3.1.

Giao din ngi s dng

Ngi cung cp thng tin

Kch hot chc nng cung cp thng tinXc nh bin thi gian ca thng tin s cung cp

Chc nng chit d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip

Chc nng chit d liu thng qua dch v

Chc nng chuyn i d liu

Chc nng np d liu vo kho

Kt thc

Xc nh phng thc cung cp d liu

Cung cp thng qua kt ni trc tipCung cp thng qua dch v

Hnh 3.1 M hnh thut ton chung ca h thng tch hp thng tin

- 52 -

Trong thut ton ny, qu trnh tch hp thng tin c bt u bi ngi

cung cp thng tin, thng qua giao din ngi s dng, Ngi cung cp thng tin s

kch hot chc nng cung cp thng tin, xc nh bin thi gian ca thng tin s

cung cp cho h thng tch hp. Trong cc bc tip theo, h thng s xc nh

phng thc cung cp thng tin ca ngun cung cp, ty thuc vo mi phng

thc m h thng tch hp s thc hin cc chc nng tng ng. Qu trnh tch hp

kt thc sau khi d liu thu thp t ngun cung cp thng tin, tri qua mt qu trnh

x l bi h thng tch hp, cui cng c np vo kho d liu.

3.1.2. Chc nng lm sch d liu

Nh nh ngha trong chng 2, h thng tch hp thng tin h tr h

thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn s dng hai bng d liu lu tr cc lut lm

sch d liu. Bng lut lm sch chung lu tr cc lut lm sch c nh ngha

cho tt c cc ngun cung cp. Bng lut lm sch ring nh ngha cc lut lm

sch sch dnh ring cho tng ngun c th. Sau y l thut ton lm sch d liu:

u vo: Tn trng cha d liu fieldName, Gi tr ca trng d liu

fieldValue v m ca ngun cung cp d liu sourceId.

u ra: D liu c lm sch fieldValueClean

Thut ton:

Ln lt duyt trong bng lut lm sch chung lm lut lm sch ring

ca ngun sourceId:

Nu tn ti lut lm sch cho trng fieldName

o Thc hin lm sch cho gi tr fieldValue

Thay th cc gi tr khng sch bng cc gi tr sch c

nh ngha trc.

Tr v gi tr ca fieldValue sau khi lm sch

o Kt thc thut ton

Nu khng tn ti lut lm sch cho trng fieldName

o Tr v gi tr ca trng fieldName

o Kt thc thut ton

- 53 -

3.1.3. Chc nng chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp d liu thng qua kt

ni trc tip n c s d liu

Thut ton di y th hin qu trnh chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp

cho php h thng tch hp kt ni trc tip n c s d liu ca ngun.

u vo: Thng tin ca ngun d liu, gi tr ngy thng bt u v kt thc

ca d liu cn cung cp

u ra: Cc bn ghi nh dng chun chung v c lm sch

Thut ton:

Kim tra bin ca ngy thng bt u v kt thc so vi nht k cc

ln cung cp trc ca ngun d liu ny

Nu giao gia ngy bt u, ngy kt thc vi nht k cung cp khc

rng th kt thc thut ton, ngc li th tip tc thut ton

Phn tch thng tin ca ngun d liu, to cu kt ni tng ng vi h

qun tr c s d liu ca ngun cung cp d liu

Kt ni n ngun cung cp d liu

Kt ni thnh cng:

o To cu truy vn tng ng vi h qun tr ca ngun cung cp d

liu

o Thc hin cu truy vn

o Nhn kt qu tr v - S lng bn ghi ln hn hoc bng mt

Duyt tng bn ghi

Duyt tng trng trong bn ghi

o nh x trng ny vo chun chung ca h thng tch

hp

o Gi chc nng lm sch i vi gi tr ca trng

Tr v bng ghi nh x sang chun chung vi gi tr ca

cc trng c lm sch

Tr v ton b cc bn ghi nh dng chun chung v c

lm sch

- 54 -

Hy cc bin tm

ng kt ni vi ngun cung cp d liu

Kt thc thut ton

o Kt qu tr v khng c bn ghi no

Kt thc thut ton

Kt ni khng thnh cng:

o Tr v li kt ni vi ngun cung cp d liu

o Kt thc thut ton

3.1.4. Chc nng chit d liu t cc ngun cung cp d liu qua dch v

i vi cc ngun cung cp d liu qua dch v, h thng tch hp thng tin

s dng thut ton sau thc hin qu trnh chit d liu t dch v cung cp.

u vo: Thng tin ca ngun d liu, gi tr ngy thng bt u v kt thc

ca d liu cn cung cp

u ra: Cc bn ghi nh dng chun chung v c lm sch

Thut ton:

Thc hin cc bc kim tra v ngy bt u v ngy kt thc tng t

nh qu trnh chit d liu thng qua kt ni trc tip n ngun d liu

Phn tch thng tin ca ngun cung cp d liu thng qua dch v

To thng ip yu cu cho bit s lng bn ghi ngun s cung cp vi

bin ngy thng u vo.

Nhn thng ip phn hi t ngun cung cp, phn tch thng ip phn

hi ly s lng bn ghi m ngun s cung cp

Nu s lng bn ghi bng khng, kt thc thut ton, ngc li tip tc

thut ton

Nu s lng bn ghi ln hn 500, tnh ton s ln nhn d liu, mi ln

500 bn ghi

Ln lt to cc thng ip yu cu cung cp d liu v gi cho dch v

cung cp d liu

- 55 -

o Nhn thng ip phn hi, kim tra s lng bn ghi c tng ng vi

yu cu hay khng. Nu khng khp th gi thng ip yu cu dch

v cung cp li d liu

o Tch d liu cha trong thng ip phn hi

o Thc hin cc bc nh x vo chun chung v lm sch d liu

tng t nh thut ton trn

o Tr v d liu c lm sch v chun ha

o Kt thc thut ton

3.1.5. Chc nng chuyn i d liu

Sau khi d liu c chit t cc ngun cung cp, h thng s dng thut

ton chuyn i d liu sau bin i d liu sang nh dng tng ng vi nh

dng ca kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp trc tuyn.

u vo: Cc bn ghi dng chun chung v c lm sch

u ra: Cc bn ghi tun theo nh dng bng d kin c s ca kho d liu

Thut ton:

Duyt qua tt c cc bn ghi, vi mi bn ghi

o Tm nt tng ng trong cy terminology vi gi tr ca m chuyn

ngnh (mc tiu ca hc vin) c lu trong bn ghi, chuyn i gi

tr m chuyn ngnh trong bn ghi sang gi tr chun m terminology

qui nh

o T nt chuyn ngnh tm c trong cy terminology tip tc tm

nt tng ng vi gi tr ca m kha hc c lu trong bn ghi,

chuyn i gi tr m kha hc trong bn ghi sang gi tr chun m

terminology qui nh

o M ha cc gi tr trong trng gender, m khu vc, cp bng cp,

kt qu tham gia kha hc ca hc vin theo qui nh ca kho d liu

o Chuyn i cc trng d liu mang kiu ngy thng v kiu ngy

thng chun trong kho d liu

o Xc nh danh sch tt c cc hc vin

- 56 -

o Duyt tng hc vin, ly ra tp cc kha hc m hc vin tham

gia. So snh tp kha hc ly c vi chiu l trnh hc xc

nh gi tr ca trng learningway

o Gn gi tr learningway cho tt c cc bn ghi tng ng

o Tnh tng s lng hc vin c cng chung cc thuc

o Chuyn cc gi tr tng ng sang nh dng ca bng d kin c s,

tr v bn ghi nh dng ca bng d kin c s

o Kt thc thut ton

3.1.6. Chc nng np d liu

y l chc nng c thc hin trong giai on cui cng ca qu trnh tch

hp thng tin t cc ngun cung cp. Chc nng ny c th hin thng qua thut

ton sau:

u vo: Cc bn ghi theo nh dng bng d kin c s ca kho d liu

u ra: D liu c lu trong kho d liu

Thut ton:

Ly thng tin v kho d liu t siu d liu

Kt ni n kho d liu

To cu truy vn chn d liu vo kho

Thc hin cu truy vn

Lu nht k cp nht kho d liu

ng kt ni

Kt thc thut ton

3.2. Xy dng dch v cung cp d liu

Cc dch v cung cp d liu c xy dng da trn Web Service c mt

file WSDL m t dch v ca mnh.

Trong phn ny, tp trung vo vic nh ngha dch v cung cp d liu v

dch v nhn d liu da trn WSDL.

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Hnh 3.24 Phn u ca nh ngha dch v

m bo d liu cung cp cho kho d liu ca h thng t vn hc tp

trc tuyn c y v m bo cht lng. Chng ti xut mt s qui nh

i vi cc dch v cung cp d liu:

Tham s yu cu d liu: Bao gm hai tham s c kiu datetime, hai tham s

ny s gii hn hai mc thi gian ly d liu.

Dch v cung cp d liu s cung cp hai hot ng chnh: Hot ng th

nht l hot ng cung cp cho dch v yu cu d liu bit s lng bn ghi m

dch v cung cp d liu s chuyn cho dch v yu cu d liu. Hot ng th hai

l hot ng cung cp d liu cho dch v yu cu d liu. C th s lng bn ghi

trong mt ln cung cp l rt ln v vy dch v cung cp s chia qu trnh truyn d

liu lm nhiu ln mi ln truyn mt khng qu 500 bn ghi m bo qu trnh

truyn d liu c m bo.

Hn na qu trnh truyn d liu c nhanh chng, khng th s dng

phng php truyn mi ln mt bn ghi, phng php ny s gy mt rt nhiu

thi gian v bng thng trong mi ln cung cp d liu. do dch v cung cp s

a nhiu bn ghi vo trong mt thng ip v cc bn ghi c m ha theo

dng mng. Mi bn ghi phi c y cc trng nh trong phn nh ngha

chun chung v thng tin hc vin chng II.

3.2.1. nh ngha dch v cung cp d liu

Cc dch v c nh ngha thng qua mt tp tin WSDL, trong lun vn

ny, cc dch v cung cp d liu phi tun theo tp tin nh ngha dch v

dataprovider.wsdl. Tp tin ny gm cc phn sau:

Phn u ca tp tin nh ngha dch v c trnh by trong Hnh 3.2.

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Hnh 3.3 Phn nh ngha kiu ca tham s vo ra ca dch v

Tip theo l phn nh ngha cc kiu d liu c s dng trong dch v,

mi kiu d liu tng ng c mt tn v cc thng tin lin quan. Trong kiu d

liu thng tin hc vin bao gm cc phn t trong chun chung v thng tin hc

vin c nh ngha trong chng 2. Cc phn t ca thng tin hc vin u

dng mng c th truyn thng tin ca nhiu hc vin trong mt thng ip.

Trong phn nh ngha tip theo, s qui nh cc tham s tng ng vi mt

hot ng ca dch v, trong v d ny, dch v cung cp d liu c 4 hot ng,

hot ng yu cu s lng bn ghi getNumProfileRequest, hot ng tr v s

lng bn ghi getNumProfileResponse, hot ng yu cu cung cp d liu

getProfileRequest v hot ng tr v d liu c yu cu getProfileResponse.

- 59 -

Hnh 3.4 Phn nh ngha tham s vo ra ca thng ip

Hnh 3.5 Xc nh kiu d liu cho thng ip vo ra

Trong phn tip theo s nh ngha cc chc nng ca dch v, mi chc

nng s tng ng vi mt thng ip vo ra.

Tip theo l phn xc nh giao thc v nh dng d liu ca cc chc nng

v thng ip c nh ngha trong phn trn

- 60 -

Hnh 3.6 nh ngha cc thng ip vo ra

Hnh 3.7 Xc nh a ch ca dch v

Cui cng l phn tp hp cc nh ngha trn thnh mt tp cc cng c

lin quan vi nhau v xc nh ng dn n a ch cung cp dch v.

Vi phn nh ngha Web Service nh trn, Dch v yu cu d liu cn gi

cc thng ip vi cu trc nh trnh by phn tip theo nhn c cc phn

hi tng ng t dch v cung cp d liu.

3.2.2. Xy dng cu trc ca cc thng ip trao i gia cc dch v

Cc dch v cung cp v dch v chit d liu s trao i vi nhau thng qua

bn loi thng ip, thng ip yu cu cho bit s lng bn ghi m dch v s

- 61 -

Hnh 3.9 Thng ip phn hi ca chc nng getNumProfile

Hnh 3.8 Thng ip yu cu n chc nng getNumProfile

cung cp cho h thng tch hp, thng ip yu cu dch v cung cp d liu cho h

thng, thng ip phn hi cho bit s lng bn ghi s cung cp v cui cung l

thng ip phn hi cha thng tin hc vin ca dch v cung cp d liu. Thng

ip yu cu cung cp s lng bn ghi s gi n chc nng getNumProfile ca

dch v cung cp v c nh ngha ngha nh trong Hnh 3.8.

Vi thng ip trn, hot ng c yu cu i vi dch v cung cp d

liu l getNumProfile, vi hai tham s startdate = 01-01-2006 v enddate = 30-12-

2006 (Hai gi tr trn ch mang tnh minh ha, gi tr c th s do ngi cung cp

nhp vo thng qua giao din ca h thng). Thng ip phn hi cho dch v yu

cu c th hin trong Hnh 3.9.

01-01-2006

30-12-2006

1000

- 62 -

Hnh 3.10 Thng ip yu cu chc nng getProfile

Trong thng ip phn hi trn, d liu c lu trong tham s

numOfProfile, dch v yu cu phi phn tch thng ip ny nhn c gi tr

mong mun. Tip theo l thng ip yu cu dch v cung cp gi thng tin hc

vin cho h thng tch hp thng tin.

Thng ip ny c cu trc v tham s tng t vi cu trc ca thng ip

yu cu getnumProfile nh gii thiu phn u, tuy nhin khc nhau v tn

hot ng v pha dch v