XML SchemaXML Schema

Why Validate XML?Why Validate XML?

• XML documents can generally have any structure

• XML grammars define specific document structures

• Validation is the act of checking an XML document against a DTD or XML schema defined for a grammar

• XML documents can generally have any structure

• XML grammars define specific document structures

• Validation is the act of checking an XML document against a DTD or XML schema defined for a grammar

XSDXSD

<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/example"

xmlns:ex="http://tempuri.org/example">

…schema definitions go here…

</schema>

<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/example"

xmlns:ex="http://tempuri.org/example">

…schema definitions go here…

</schema>

What Are Built-In Datatypes?

What Are Built-In Datatypes?

• W3C XML schemas define many built-in datatypes

• Built-in datatypes can be primitive or derived

• Examples: integer,long,short…

• W3C XML schemas define many built-in datatypes

• Built-in datatypes can be primitive or derived

• Examples: integer,long,short…

Element DeclarationsElement Declarations

<xs:element name="elementname" type="datatype“

(fixed="fixedvalue" | default="defaultvalue")minOccurs="value" maxOccurs="value" … />

<xs:element name="author" type="xs:string"maxOccurs="unbounded" /><xs:element name="pages" type="xs:integer" /><xs:element name="published" type="xs:date"

minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="elementname" type="datatype“

(fixed="fixedvalue" | default="defaultvalue")minOccurs="value" maxOccurs="value" … />

<xs:element name="author" type="xs:string"maxOccurs="unbounded" /><xs:element name="pages" type="xs:integer" /><xs:element name="published" type="xs:date"

minOccurs="0" />

Attribute DeclarationsAttribute Declarations

<xs:attribute name="attributename" type="datatype"

(fixed="fixedvalue" | default="defaultvalue")use= ("optional" | "prohibited" | "required") … />

<xs:attribute name="isbn" type="xs:string" use="required" />

<xs:attribute name="attributename" type="datatype"

(fixed="fixedvalue" | default="defaultvalue")use= ("optional" | "prohibited" | "required") … />

<xs:attribute name="isbn" type="xs:string" use="required" />

Derive New Simple TypesDerive New Simple Types

<xs:simpleType name="customerID">

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:length value="5" />

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="customerID">

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:length value="5" />

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="numberOfMonths"><xs:restriction base="xs:byte">

<xs:minInclusive value="1" /><xs:maxInclusive value="12" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="size"><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:enumeration value="small" /><xs:enumeration value="large" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="timestamp"><xs:union memberTypes="xs:dateTime xs:long" />

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="numberOfMonths"><xs:restriction base="xs:byte">

<xs:minInclusive value="1" /><xs:maxInclusive value="12" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="size"><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:enumeration value="small" /><xs:enumeration value="large" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="timestamp"><xs:union memberTypes="xs:dateTime xs:long" />

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="licensePlate"><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="listOfCustomers"><xs:restriction>

<xs:simpleType><xs:list>

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:length value="5" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType></xs:list>

</xs:simpleType><xs:length value="3" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="licensePlate"><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:simpleType name="listOfCustomers"><xs:restriction>

<xs:simpleType><xs:list>

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:length value="5" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType></xs:list>

</xs:simpleType><xs:length value="3" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

How to Reference Simple TypesHow to Reference Simple Types

<xs:element name="listOfCustomers">

<xs:simpleType>

<xs:list itemType="xs:string" />

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:element>

<xs:element name="listOfCustomers">

<xs:simpleType>

<xs:list itemType="xs:string" />

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:element>

<xs:attribute name="oldPlate"><xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"><xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:attribute><xs:attribute name="newPlate">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType></xs:attribute>

<xs:attribute name="oldPlate"><xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"><xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:attribute><xs:attribute name="newPlate">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" /></xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType></xs:attribute>

Better ideaBetter idea

<xs:attribute name="oldPlate" type="licensePlate" />

<xs:attribute name="newPlate" type="licensePlate" />

<xs:simpleType name="licensePlate">

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" />

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

<xs:attribute name="oldPlate" type="licensePlate" />

<xs:attribute name="newPlate" type="licensePlate" />

<xs:simpleType name="licensePlate">

<xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="[A-Z]{3}-\d{3}" />

</xs:restriction>

</xs:simpleType>

Complex DatatypesComplex Datatypes

<xs:element name="book"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="isbn" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string"

/></xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<xs:element name="book"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="isbn" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string"

/></xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

Explicit complex type for reuseExplicit complex type for reuse

<xs:complexType name="booktype"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="isbn" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

<xs:element name="book" type="booktype" />

<xs:complexType name="booktype"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="isbn" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="publisher" type="xs:string" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

<xs:element name="book" type="booktype" />

• Element that can only contain one of a predefined set

<xs:element name="contactmethod">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:choice>

<xs:element name="tel" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="fax" type="xs:string" />

</xs:choice>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

• Element that can only contain one of a predefined set

<xs:element name="contactmethod">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:choice>

<xs:element name="tel" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="fax" type="xs:string" />

</xs:choice>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

• Elements that contain optional child elements in any order

<xs:element name="contactinfo"><xs:complexType>

<xs:all><xs:element name="telephone" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="fax" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="pager" type="xs:string" />

</xs:all></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

• Elements that contain optional child elements in any order

<xs:element name="contactinfo"><xs:complexType>

<xs:all><xs:element name="telephone" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="fax" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="pager" type="xs:string" />

</xs:all></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

Complex Datatypes with Attributes

Complex Datatypes with Attributes

<xs:element name="employee"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="salary" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:sequence><xs:attribute name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:attribute name="department" type="xs:string" />

<xs:complexType></xs:element>

<xs:element name="employee"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="salary" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:sequence><xs:attribute name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:attribute name="department" type="xs:string" />

<xs:complexType></xs:element>

Extend the base content by adding an attribute

Extend the base content by adding an attribute

<xs:element name="Length"><xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleContent><xs:extension base="xs:decimal">

<xs:attribute name="Units" type="xs:string" />

</xs:extension></xs:simpleContent>

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<Length Units="Feet">12.75</Length>

<xs:element name="Length"><xs:complexType>

<xs:simpleContent><xs:extension base="xs:decimal">

<xs:attribute name="Units" type="xs:string" />

</xs:extension></xs:simpleContent>

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<Length Units="Feet">12.75</Length>

How to Reference Existing Declarations

How to Reference Existing Declarations

<xs:element name="email"><xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"><xs:pattern value="[a-zA-Z0-9]+@[a-zA-Z0-9]+" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:attribute name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="employee">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:element ref="email" />

</xs:sequence><xs:attribute ref="title" use="required" />

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<xs:element name="email"><xs:simpleType>

<xs:restriction base="xs:string"><xs:pattern value="[a-zA-Z0-9]+@[a-zA-Z0-9]+" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:attribute name="title" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="employee">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:element ref="email" />

</xs:sequence><xs:attribute ref="title" use="required" />

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<xs:element name="contactMethod"><xs:complexType>

<xs:choice><xs:element name="telephone">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="(\d+|\s*)+" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:element ref="email" />

</xs:choice></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

<xs:element name="contactMethod"><xs:complexType>

<xs:choice><xs:element name="telephone">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:string">

<xs:pattern value="(\d+|\s*)+" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:element ref="email" />

</xs:choice></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

How to Create Element GroupsHow to Create Element Groups

<xs:group name="contactDetails"><xs:all>

<xs:element name="telephone" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="web" type="xs:anyURI" minOccurs="0" />

</xs:all></xs:group><xs:element name="employee">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:group ref="contactDetails" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

<xs:group name="contactDetails"><xs:all>

<xs:element name="telephone" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="email" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="web" type="xs:anyURI" minOccurs="0" />

</xs:all></xs:group><xs:element name="employee">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" /><xs:group ref="contactDetails" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

<xs:element name="company"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="businessName" type="xs:string"

/><xs:element name="DUNS">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:integer">

<xs:totalDigits value="9" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:element name="CEO" type="employee" /><xs:group ref="contactDetails" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

<xs:element name="company"><xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="businessName" type="xs:string"

/><xs:element name="DUNS">

<xs:simpleType><xs:restriction base="xs:integer">

<xs:totalDigits value="9" />

</xs:restriction></xs:simpleType>

</xs:element><xs:element name="CEO" type="employee" /><xs:group ref="contactDetails" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

How to Create Attribute GroupsHow to Create Attribute Groups

<xs:attributeGroup name="dimensions"><xs:attribute name="height" type="xs:integer" /><xs:attribute name="width" type="xs:integer" /><xs:attribute name="depth" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:attributeGroup><xs:element name="product">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"><xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal">

</xs:sequence><xs:attributeGroup ref="dimensions" />

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

<xs:attributeGroup name="dimensions"><xs:attribute name="height" type="xs:integer" /><xs:attribute name="width" type="xs:integer" /><xs:attribute name="depth" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:attributeGroup><xs:element name="product">

<xs:complexType><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"><xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal">

</xs:sequence><xs:attributeGroup ref="dimensions" />

</xs:complexType></xs:element>

Derive New Complex TypesDerive New Complex Types

<xs:complexType name="Address"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="street" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="city" type="xs:string" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType><xs:complexType name="USAddress">

<xs:complexContent><xs:extension base="Address">

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="state" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="zip" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:sequence></xs:extension>

<xs:complexContent></xs:complexType>

<xs:complexType name="Address"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="street" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="city" type="xs:string" />

</xs:sequence></xs:complexType><xs:complexType name="USAddress">

<xs:complexContent><xs:extension base="Address">

<xs:sequence><xs:element name="state" type="xs:string" /><xs:element name="zip" type="xs:integer" />

</xs:sequence></xs:extension>

<xs:complexContent></xs:complexType>

<xs:complexType name="NYAddress"><xs:complexContent>

<xs:restriction base="USAddress"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="street" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="city" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="state" type="xs:string“ fixed="NY" /><xs:element name="zip"

type="xs:integer" /></xs:sequence>

</xs:restriction><xs:complexContent>

</xs:complexType>

<xs:complexType name="NYAddress"><xs:complexContent>

<xs:restriction base="USAddress"><xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="street" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="city" type="xs:string" />

<xs:element name="state" type="xs:string“ fixed="NY" /><xs:element name="zip"

type="xs:integer" /></xs:sequence>

</xs:restriction><xs:complexContent>

</xs:complexType>