XXoIPoIP: Trends, : Trends, Standards and Standards and Issues AroundIssues AroundIssues Around Issues Around ConvergenceConvergence

BICSI Breakfast ClubOmaha Nebraska

Jerry L. Bowman, RCDD/NTS, CISSP, CPP, TPM

Omaha, NebraskaFriday, August 3rd, 2007

Jerry L. Bowman, RCDD/NTS, CISSP, CPP, TPMDirector, Enterprise Design ServicesBICSI, US North Central Region Director

Perception vs. pReality

Doctors700,000 US

Guns80 Million Gun Owners in US

Physicians120,000 Accidental D th b D t

1,500 Accidental Deaths by Gun per Year

Ratio .0002:1Deaths by Doctor per YearRatio 2:1

Ratio .0002:1Courtesy Federal Bureau of Investigation

OBSERVATIONS

Not everyone has a gun, but almost everyone has a doctor.Ratio .2:1

Courtesy US Dept. of Health

Statistically, Doctors are almost 9,000 times more dangerous than gun owners.

Conclusion, “Guns don’t kill people, doctors do.”

Changing ParadigmsChanging ParadigmsTODAYTODAY

Tier IV = 2(N+1) 4 hour 99 995%THE OLD DAYSTHE OLD DAYS

Tier IV = 2(N+1), .4 hour, .99.995%

Terrorism

Global political implications

(15 Years Ago)Simple Backups24 Hour Replacement Global political implications

International power grid failure

Data worms & hackers

24 Hour Replacement Contracts

Dial Up Bulletin BoardsData worms & hackers

Third party liability

Regulatory Compliance

Disaster Recovery -fire, flood, tornado

“Phone phreaking” Regulatory Compliance

Cascading Events

Handle unexpected disaster

Phone phreaking

Anticipate every disaster Handle unexpected disaster

…without downtime

US Internet SubscribersUS Internet Subscribers (Millions)

Source: FCC/TIA

US Telephone SubscribersUS Telephone Subscribers (Millions)

US Residential LandlinesUS Residential Landlines VoIP Share (Percentage)

Technology Evolution

From this… on my desk.

Technology Evolution

To Profs… on my terminal.

Technology Evolution

To dial up email… in my hotel room.

E l tiTechnology Evolution

To this… on my hip.

•Camera

Technology EvolutionCamera

•Video Recorder•MP3 PlayerTV•TV

•Internet•Email, Contacts, Tasks•Office File Viewer•Wi-Fi•Blue ToothBlue Tooth•Data•Cell Phone Too

All in just 15 years!All in just 15 years!

Where the Network is Going (Cisco)(Cisco)

All Services VirtualizedEverything over IP

All Devices NetworkedEverything on EthernetEverything on Ethernet

Layer 1 Convergence Drivers

Abandoned Cablingg

Published by NFPAy3 year update cyclesNEC 2002NEC 2002

Passed August 2001Effective 1/1/2002

Boilerplate for local codeAll 50 states taking action gto adopt in some formEnforcement by AHJ

Indoor Air Quality Drivers

“Infection-control practice as part of building systems has become an important issue in health care.”

“There are 2.5 million patients afflicted by nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections each year and 90,000 fatalities…an increasing number are due to failures in the conditions in theincreasing number are due to failures in the conditions in the environment of care.”

Hospital Accreditation for Airborne Infection ControlAndrew J. Streifel, MPH – University of Minnesota

ICRA

“Infection-control practice as part of building systems has become an important issue in health care.”

“There are 2.5 million patients afflicted by nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections each year and 90,000 fatalities…an increasing number are due to failures in the conditions in theincreasing number are due to failures in the conditions in the environment of care.”

Hospital Accreditation for Airborne Infection ControlAndrew J. Streifel, MPH – University of Minnesota

Medical Low-Voltage gSystems

Wired Patient Wi l T l h BAS/IBSWired Patient MonitoringWireless Patient Monitoring

Wireless TelephoneAsset ManagementTranscriptionTelephone

BAS/IBSWireless DataFire AlarmMedical Gas

CATVPocket PagingSpecialty Video Paging

TelephoneLANFacility Communications

Medical Gas AlarmsSpecialty AlarmsImaging

PagingOverhead PagingCCTVAccess Control

Emergency & Two-Way Nurse CallNurse/Staff LocatorP ti t W d i

Elevator SystemsIntercomMaster ClockAccess Control

Time & AttendanceEducational TV

Patient WanderingInfant Abduction

Master ClockSpecialty TimersRoom Status

Construction MarketConstruction Market Evolution

CPS FactorCPS Factor Value-add losing to value-engineeringGC/CM considered commodity by someGC/CM considered commodity by some ownersSome consultants becoming spec writers g p(commodity)RFP/RFQ Process focuses on cost, not

l ti hi d frelationship and performance

FINISHMASTERFORMAT 2004

CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONALPLANNING CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONAL PLANNING

F ilit S i S bDi i i 17Division 20 - Reserved Division 25 - Integrated Automation

Facility Services SubgroupDivision 17

Division 21 - Fire SuppressionDivision 22 - PlumbingDivision 23 - HVAC

Division 26 - ElectricalDivision 27 - CommunicationsDivision 28 - Electronic Safety &

Division 24 - Reserved Security

Floor/ZoneServing

Equipment

Voice/DataSecurity

HVACF/L/S

Energy Mgmt

Thermostat

DDC

VAV Controller

Motor Control

VOICE/DATA WAO

BAS DEVICE

HC

Basic Permanent LinkBAS OUTLET

AIR HANDLER

DOOR INTERFACECP/HCP

DOOR INTERFACE

Backbone orTie Cable

SecurityHVACF/L/S

Energy MgmtDoor Strike

Open/Closed Contact

Voice/DataSecurity

Card Reader

Motion Detector

Types of BAS/IBSTypes of BAS/IBS

Legacyg ySeparate and variety of media

Integrated (IBAS)g ( )Systems Share pathways, media---not electronics or networkTIA-862 compliant

Converged (CBAS)IP-based trafficCommon Network Electronics (core, distribution edge)distribution,edge)

Systems CoordinationSystems Coordination

COMFORT/HEALTH(HVAC,

SECURITY

(LIGHTING CONTROL)

FIRE-LIFE-SAFETY(ELEVATOR CONTROL,

(CCTV,ACCESS CONTROL)

( ,ACCESS CONTROL,FIRE MONITORING)

NNeww

Fac i l i t y

HVVAC

FLSS

SEECUURIITY

VOIC

DATA CLOSET

CE//DAATA

PAGGINNG

5

SSYSTEMMS

BAS/IBS Integration

i

BAS/IBS IntegrationMajor Systems Sub Systems Common UTP SCS Devices

Voice

Data

Video

Fire

TIA

8

Office Automation

HANDSETS, NIC

NICS

TUNER, NIC

STROBE, BELL

Life

Safety

Access Control

862

Fire/Life/Safety Systems SMOKE HANDLER

EXIT, LIGHTING

READERS, PADS

Surveillance

Detection

Heating

VentilationTI

Security Systems

HVAC Systems

CAMERA

SENSORS

CONTROLLER

CONTROLLERVentilation

Air Conditioning

Power

Lighting

IA

862

HVAC Systems

Energy Management

CONTROLLER

CONTROLLER

PANELS

SWITCH, BALLAST

Elevators CONTROLLER

IBBASS

Layer 1 Convergence Benefits

FINANCIALLower initial installation costs 12 15% savings equaling $2 4 perLower initial installation costs 12-15% savings equaling $2-4 per square footFewer conflicts between system suppliers on installation routing for their networks, cabling responsibility of one vendor – projects t i ll l t d h d f h d ltypically completed ahead of scheduleVery low maintenance (savings of 20-25% of monthly costs)

OPERATIONALOPERATIONALProvides reduced “Abandoned Cabling” IAQ and Fire/Smoke issuesIncreased ICRA Guideline Compliance through centralized “Day p g y2” Moves, Adds, ChangesPlatform for modernization and evolution of all low-voltage systems as they evolve onto networkForces better more lifecycle friendly designForces better more lifecycle friendly design

Electrical ZoneElectrical Zone Distribution

•Application-independent

•Electrical service considered “asset”considered asset

•System designed for flexibility

•Designed with multiple tenants with in mind

All building systems•All building systems utilize the core infrastructure

Electrical ZoneElectrical Zone Demolition

•Only 30-40% of cabling removed during tenant changes

•New circuits begin at area-serving zone box

•Common infrastructure provides flexibility

•Reduced cost due to reuse of electrical infrastructure

Integrated IBS/BASIntegrated IBS/BAS

IBS/BAS: A Building AssetIBS/BAS: A Building Asset

Majority of infrastructure is reused

BAS/IBS Convergence

i

BAS/IBS ConvergenceMajor Systems Sub Systems NTS Devices

Voice

Data

Video

Fire

Office Automation

STROBE, BELL

READERS, PADS

CONTROLLER

SWITCH, BALLAST

LAYER

2 OLife

Safety

Access Control

Fire/Life/Safety Systems

TUNER, NIC

SMOKE HANDLER

SENSORSO

R 3 SW

ITCH

Surveillance

Detection

Heating

Ventilation

Security Systems

HVAC SystemsHANDSETS, NIC

EXIT LIGHTING

CAMERA

CONTROLLER

Ventilation

Air Conditioning

Power

Lighting

HVAC Systems

Energy Management NICS

EXIT, LIGHTING

CONTROLLER

PANELS

Elevators CONTROLLER

li ixoIP Applications

Metro EthernetIndustrial (AoIP)( )IPTVStorage (Data Centers)g ( )Security

Metro Ethernet

Why Ethernet in Metro Area?

Eliminates complexity of WAN accessSimple to scale to any size networkSupports high-bandwidth and bursty services (for example: IP Video, Video on Demand, VoIP, etc.)Enables a migration path from lower to higher speed

CO

g p g pEthernet networks

CoreMetro Networks

CO

COAccess Network1GE

Edge Router

1GE

CO

CPE

10GE 10GE CO

Broadband Access Server

Metro Ethernet DriversMetro Ethernet Drivers

Ethernet is the topology of choice in the LAN environmentEthernet is the topology of choice in the LAN environmentOver 95% of all LAN connections are Ethernet

Remote ConnectivityCorporate network integration/consolidation saves IT costsRemote Storage for data mirroring and disaster recovery

Applications are more bandwidth hungryApplications are more bandwidth hungry100Mbps corporate backbones are being replaced by Gigabit backbones, while core is being replaced by 10GigEs

Cost of Ethernet ports is similar to lower-speed ATM ports, and 10GigE ports are half the cost of SONET/SDH

AoIP: Automation over IP

Industrial MarketForcasted Industrial Ethernet Market Size

1200

800

1000

owth

(Mft) 140 ft Ave Install Length

160 ft Ave Install Length180 ft A I t ll L th

400

600

cast

ed G

ro 180 ft Ave Install Length

0

200

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Forc

Year

TELECOM ROOMDIRTY

Industrial Cabling TopologyIndustrial Cabling TopologyROOM

CLEAN AREA

DIRTY AREA

CABLE IN CONDUIT

MACHINE ENCLOSURE

DEVICE ENCLOSURE

SWITCHPLC/IO

TELECOM OUTLETS

Industrial Ethernet Nodes

PLC SwitchPanel

Switch

Server

Cabinet Cabinet Wiring ClosetCabinet g

Ether/IP Robotics

IP Television (IPTV)

IPTVIPTV

Residential Triple PlayIPTVVideo On DemandInternet Services (VoIP)

Plus Mobility – Quadruple Playy y

h lIPTV TechnologyProtocolsProtocols

MPEG-2MPEG-4MulticastMulticastUnicast

AdvantagesSwitched IP Frees Up BandwidthInteractivityConvergence (voice, email, Internet services)Co e ge ce ( o ce, e a , te et se ces)

IssuesPacket loss and delaysPicture breakup or lossPicture breakup or loss

Data Center Storage

What am I missing?

Enterprise DataEnterprise Data Storage Growth

Storage Area Network (SAN)Storage Area Network (SAN) Protocols

SCSIFibre ChannelFibre ChannelTCP/IPI fi ib dInfiniband

Fibre Channel Growthb e C a e G o(Typically Short Wavelength VCSELs)

Fibre Channel ProtocolFibre Channel Protocol

Originally developed as backbone technology f LANfor LANsSerial transmission for high speed and long di tdistancesLow transmission errorsL l tLow latencyEmbedded in host bus adapter (HBA) cards, f CPU lfrees up CPU cycles

Fibre Channel Distances & Media

Medium 100 MByte/s 200 Mbyte/s 400 Mbyte/s 1 Gbyte/s(Serial)

1 GByte/s(4 Lane)

1 GByte/s(CWDM)

Copper Intracabinet

24m - - - - -

Copper Intercabinet

59 m - - - - -

62.5m Optical 300m 90m 50m 33m 75m 290 mFiber

50m Optical Fiber

500m 300m 175m 82m 150m 290m

50m Optical 300m 300m 550m50m Optical Fiber (High Bandwidth)

- - - 300m 300m 550m

Single Mode 10,000m 2,000m 2,000m 10,000m - 10,000m

Fibre Channel TopologiesFibre Channel TopologiesFabricArbitrated LoopPoint-To-Point

Extremely Low Error RatesyFibre Chanel protocol only permits 1 error in

every 1012 transmitted bitsevery 1012 transmitted bits100 Mbits/s = 1 error every 16.6 minutesFC depends on quality SCS installationp q y

TCP/IP Storage Standards

Internet SCSI (iSCSI)Internet Fibre Channel Protocol (iFCP)( )Fibre Channel over IP (FCIP)IP Fibre Channel (IPFC)( )Storage over IP (SoIP) – proprietary Nishan

InfinibandInfinibandCreated to allow I/O bus to handle traffic fromCreated to allow I/O bus to handle traffic from 10Gbit Fibre Channel and 10GBASETReplaces the PCI serial bus with a 2.5 Gbit/s full pduplex transmissionWill allow the decoupling of CPU components

d ill ll t 100 t tiand will all up to 100 meter separationMight lead to clusters of CPUs, Memory and Interface cards communicating over the SCSInterface cards communicating over the SCSWould allow the same consolidations of these resources as storage devices in the storage-g gcentric model

IP Ch llxoIP Challenges

EducationResistance To ChangegTurf WarsIntegration into design g gprocessApplication interoperabilitypp p y

US Service Provider DataUS Service Provider Data Revenue (Percent)

XXoIPoIP: Trends Standards and Issues: Trends Standards and IssuesXXoIPoIP: Trends, Standards and Issues : Trends, Standards and Issues Around ConvergenceAround Convergence

BICSI Breakfast ClubOmaha Nebraska

Jerry L. Bowman, RCDD/NTS, CISSP, CPP, TPM

Omaha, NebraskaFriday, August 3rd, 2007

Jerry L. Bowman, RCDD/NTS, CISSP, CPP, TPMDirector, Enterprise Design ServicesBICSI, US North Central Region Director