XY MatrixXY Matrix

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Key Learning PointsKey Learning Points

s Tool to Quantify Opinions

s Tool for Prioritization

s Tool to Quantify Opinions

s Tool for Prioritization

What Do You Want to Know?What Do You Want to Know?s What do you want to know?

s What are the inputs (Xs) and outputs (Ys) associated with this project?

s How do you want to see it?s The graphical answer should be displayed via a process map.

s What type of tool produces this picture?s Excel can provide this analysis via a special worksheet.

s What type of data does this tool require?s A list of Xs and Ys is required.

s Where and how can you get this data?s This information should come from the process map. All the

Xs and Ys of this project should be identified on the map.

XY Matrix AgendaXY Matrix Agenda

s Why do we need an XY matrix?s Who should create an XY matrix?s How to create a useful XY matrix?s Example - Developing an XY Matrix s In-class exercise

Why Do We Need an XY Matrix?Why Do We Need an XY Matrix?s An XY matrix should allow everyone involved with a

process to agree on outputs critical to the product and/or customer.

s Through numerical ranking, this matrix will allow your team to assign a level of importance to each output variable.

s Through association, the matrix will allow a team to numerically assess the effect of each X on each Y.

s This is the team’s first stab at determining Y = f(X).s Finally, this document will lead the way to an area of

focus on the process FMEA.

CUSTOMER Input And Verification Is Strongly Suggested.

Who Should Create an XY Matrix?Who Should Create an XY Matrix?s The focused team working on a breakthrough

project.s ANYONE who had or has a role in defining,

executing, or changing the process, including:s Operatorss Maintenance technicianss Engineerss Supervisorss Managerss Design engineers

How to Create a Useful XY MatrixHow to Create a Useful XY MatrixStep 1: Use available information sources like process maps to aid you in your identification of inputs and outputs.Step 2: List the output variables (Ys) along the top section of the matrix. These are outputs that the team and/or customer deem important. These may be a subset of the list of Ys identified on the process map.Step 3: Rank each output numerically using an arbitrary scale (possibly 1 to 10). The most important output receives the highest number. Enter these rankings in the Output Ranking row of the matrix. Step 4: Identify all potential inputs or causes (Xs) that can impact the various Ys and list these along the left side of the matrix. Step 5: Numerically rate the effect of each X on each Y within the body of the matrix.Step 6: Use the results page to analyze and prioritize where to focus your effort when creating the preliminary FMEA. The XY matrix is a great team brainstorming tool. It can also facilitate future team activities.

• Raw Bracket 1• Raw Housings• Loading S.O.P. (1)

• Weld Schedules• Air Pressure• Voltage• H20 Circulation

• Unloading/Transport S.O.P. (2)

• Raw Bracket 2• Subassembly• Loading S.O.P. (3)

• Weld Schedules• Air Pressure• Voltage• H20 Circulation• Tip Dressing

• Unloading/Transport S.O.P. (4)

• Gauging/V.I. S.O.P. (5)

Op loads bracket #1 & housing into weldfixtureA

Initiates cycle start

Machine clampsWeld (10 welds)

Unclamps subassembly

Operator removes subassemblyTransports to weld fixture B or C

Operator removes final assemblyTransports to gauge fixture.

Operator dimensionally gaugesVisually inspects final assembly.

Op loads subassembly and bracket #2 intofixtureB

Initiates cycle start.

Machine clampsWeld (20 welds)

Unclamps final assembly.

Op loads subassembly and bracket #2 intofixtureC

Initiates cycle start.

Machine clampsWeld (20 welds)

Unclamps final assembly.

Ys• Subassembly/Critical

Dimensions• Subassembly/Weld

Location• Subassembly/Weld Nugget

Size• Final Assembly/Critical

Dimensions

• Final Assembly/Weld Location• Final Assembly/Weld Size• Final Assembly/No Weld Flash• All Welds Present?

Xs

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NVA

NVA

NVA

NVA

NVA

NVAVA

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Data

Data

Step 1: Review the process map.ExampleExample

Project: Housing Welding

Date: 12/20/96

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Instructions

DEMO

ExampleExample

Step 2: List the important output variables along the top section of the matrix.

ExampleExample

Step 3: Rank each output numerically using an arbitrary scale. A scale of 1 to 10 is often used.

Project: Housing Welding

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Project: Housing Welding

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1 Width Bracket 1

2 Length Bracket 1

3 Housing Width

4 Housing Length

5 All SOPs

6 Weld Schedule

7 Air Pressure

8 Line Voltage

9 H20 Circulation

10 Width Bracket 2

11 Length Bracket 2

12 Dimensional Gage

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ExampleExample

Step 4: Identify potential causes (failed Xs) that canimpact various outputs, and list each one along the left side of the matrix.

Project: Housing Welding

Date: 12/20/96

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Rank 5 7 9 8 10Inputs

1 Width Bracket 1 10

2 Length Bracket 1 7

3 Housing Width 7

4 Housing Length 10

5 All SOPs 9 9 9 6

6 Weld Schedule 10 10

7 Air Pressure 5 5 5

8 Line Voltage 5 5 5

9 H20 Circulation 5 5 5

10 Width Bracket 2 10

11 Length Bracket 2 7

12 Daily Tip Dressing 10 8

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DEMO

Note: This captures what is known so far about the process.

ExampleExample

Step 5: Numerically rate the effect of each X on each Y within the body of the matrix.

Input Variables Rank %

Width Bracket 1 50 3.87%

Length Bracket 1 49 3.79%

Housing Width 35 2.71%

Housing Length 70 5.42%

All SOPs 240 18.58%

Weld Schedule 190 14.71%

Air Pressure 135 10.45%

Line Voltage 135 10.45%

H20 Circulation 135 10.45%

Width Bracket 2 50 3.87%

Length Bracket 2 49 3.79%Daily Tip Dressing 154 11.92%

ExampleExample

Step 6: Use the resulting ranks to analyze and prioritize future team activities.

If no FMEA exists, the highest-ranking inputs from the XY matrix should be addressed first.

In-Class ExerciseIn-Class Exercise

s Break into your designated groups. Use an already created process map or the machining example on the following page.

s Use the six-step methodology explained to create an XY matrix (XYMatrix.xls) for the above process.

s Don’t forget to use the Xs and Ys identified on your process map as key information.

s Be prepared to report your results.s You have 20 minutes for this exercise.

Machining a shafton a lathe.

Cycle Time = 10 mins DPU = 0.056

(Xs)C Rotational SpeedC Traverse SpeedC Tool TypeC Tool SharpnessC Shaft Material CharacteristicsC Shaft LengthC Amount of Material Removed per CutS Part CleanlinessC Coolant FlowN Operator ProceduresN Material VariationN Ambient TemperatureS Coolant Age

Inspection.Cycle Time = 2 mins

DPU = 0.00

(X,Y): Shafts needing detailed

cutting (under-machined)

Re-work: Detailed cutting.Cycle Time = 40 mins

DPU = 0.00

VA

In-Class Exercise (Alternate Map)In-Class Exercise (Alternate Map)

NVA

NVA

(Ys)Diameter

TaperSurface Finish

XY MatrixXY Matrix

Six Sigma Foundations Continuous Improvement TrainingSix Sigma Foundations Continuous Improvement Training