year 1 history marvellous me!

Now

Modern

Britain

MARVELLOUS ME!Year 1

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

When – Timeline of key events

1896 Woodside Library opened

1911 Job Garratt fountain revealed

1982 Round Oak Steelworks closed

1985 Merry Hill Shopping Centre opened

1953 Highgate Primary School opened

2008 Woodside library closed

2008 Highgate School changed its name to Woodside

2021 Woodside Library moved to Black Country Museum

To know about significant historical events, people and places in own localityKey Vocabulary and Phrases

Brierley Hill The name of our town

Dudley The name of our town and borough

Birmingham The name of our local big city

Black

Country

The name of the area where

Brierley Hill is found

mine A huge hole dug out of the earth to

find coal

iron works

steel works

A job with metal which was very

important in the past, in Brierley Hill

and Dudley

building A structure with a roof and walls

(house or factory)

factory A place where objects are made

library A building where you can borrow

books

decade Ten years

past A time that has already happened

history The study of the past

History

1870 Round Oak 1990 Merry Hill Woodside Library

Alderman

Job Garratt

1839-1908

Job Garratt joined Dudley Town

Council for Woodside in November

1872 and became Mayor in 1883.

One of the most important things

he took interest in was the Free

Library Movement. He played a

main part in establishing one for

Dudley and branches in Netherton

and Woodside. His statue now

stands on the fountain in

Woodside Park.

Then Now

The same then and now

When – Timeline of key

events

1950 Thomas Cook

promoted foreign

holidays by

aeroplane.

1960 People had two weeks

holiday from work

and were still paid.

1972 Spain became a

popular holiday

destination.

Now

Modern

Britain

BESIDE THE SEASIDEYear 1 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

Changes in seaside holidays

from when my grandparents

were children

Key Vocabulary and Phrases

holiday This words comes from

‘holy day’ because holidays

were taken during religious

festivals.

steam

train

A way people travelled in

the past so they could be by

the seaside.

Penny Lick A container that was filled

will a penny worth of ice-

cream

Punch and

Judy show

A popular puppet show

Brass

bands

A group of musicians who

played brass instruments

promenade A walkway that runs next

to the beach.

bathing

machines

People used to get changed

into their swim wear in one

of these, before going for a

swim in the sea.

Key Historical Person

Grace Darling was daughter of a

lighthouse keeper.

Why is she remembered?

On the 7th September 1938, there was a storm. A boat crashed into

the rocks. Grace and her father rowed a boat to those who were stuck

in the water. Grace and her father saved 9 lives. They were awarded

a silver medal from the RNLI for their bravery.

aeroplanesteam train

Punch and

Judy

ShowsPlaying in sand Donkey Rides

Steam powered

rides

electricity powered

rides

Fish and

Chips

Now

Modern

Britain

LONDON LIFEYear 2 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


Sunday 2nd

September 1666

1am – the fire begins.

3am – the Lord Mayor goes to look at the fire.

7am – the fire has spread

11am – the Mayor orders the pulling down of houses.

3pm – the King sails down the River Thames to observe the fire.

Monday 3rd

September 1666

The government order fire posts to be set up.

A group of school boys successfully hold back the fires.

Midday – the fire can be seen 60 miles away in Oxford.

Tuesday 4th

September 1666

The fire reaches its peak. It spread from Temple in the west, to the

Tower of London in the east (where gun powder was used to blow up

houses in order to stop the fire reaching the Tower).

11pm – the wind begins to die down.

Wednesday 5th

September 1666

The wind changes direction, blowing the fire towards the River

Thames.

Most of the remaining fires have been put out.

Thursday 6th

September 1666

The final fires are extinguished.


leather bucket container used for carrying water

squirt A handheld water pump

fire posts Areas set up to organise people to

fire fight from

fire hook A metal pole with a hooked end that

was used for pulling down buildings

that were on fire

gun powder An explosive powder used to blow up

buildings

thatched roof Dried straw tied tightly together

and laid on the roof of a building

wattle and

daub

Animal waste, straw and mud used

to make walls of buildings

timber frame A wooden frame of a building that

made the walls

cathedral the main church of a diocese which

has a bishop

diocese An area that a church serves

government A group of people who rule a

country

extinguish To put out or stop burning

To know about events that are significant nationally or globally

Why is the Great Fire of London a significant event?

It cleansed the city of disease and a new London was built.

The national fire service was improved.

New regulations (rules) were created for the safer construction of buildings.

How do we know about

the past?

Samuel Pepys kept an

eyewitness diary of events

LONDON LIFEYear 2 History

Now

Modern

BritainStone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


1837 Victoria became Queen Victoria

1841 The Great Western Railway began. A four hour

journey from Bristol to London.

1842 The Miners Act - Children under the age of 10

stopped working in mines.

1844 The Factory Act - Stopped children aged 8-13

working over 6 and a half hours per day.

1850 Workhouses opened. These helped the poorest people,

who had no money. In the return for labour, the

workers were given a bed and basic food.

1864 Laws ban boys under 10 working as chimney sweeps.

1870 Schools opened for 6-10 year olds.

1878 First public electric lighting in London

1880 Education Act - compulsory schooling for all

children aged 5-10.

1891 Free education for 5-13 year olds.


British

Empire

Countries ruled by Britain. Later becomes the

Commonwealth.

factory

commission

A group of men who travelled from Britain to

investigate the working conditions of children in

factories and mines

governess A woman, who taught rich girls and boys, as a

paid, live-in servant

Industrial

Revolution

The era of rapid and great change in industry

and manufacturing with the growth of

factories, beginning in the late 1700’s

ragged

schools

A school for poor children in the early 19th

century

reformer A person who seeks change for the better, to help

others.

slates Used for writing – with a slate pencil.

workhouse A place where people without means of support

were sent to live, they got food and a bed in

return for work.

monarchy A form of government with a king or queen at

the head. A king or queen is the Head of State.

reign A period of time when the monarch rules.

century 100 years

Significant individuals who have contributed to

national and international achievements

Queen Victoria

reigned during the

time of industrial

expansion, educational

advances and the

abolition of slavery

and workers’ welfare.

Queen Elizabeth 1 reigned during stability and

prosperity – everything was calm and the

country was getting rich .

She re-established the Church of England.

It was known as the Golden Age because the

arts had chance to develop.

English music went through important changes.

New musical instruments—the early violin, the

harpsichord, the oboe, and others—were being

used together to produce complex sounds.


c1530s Earliest evidence of the existence of

violins in painting by Ferrari

1533 Elizabeth became Queen Elizabeth

1588 Defeated the Spanish Armada and

maintained peace within the one

divided country

Her favourite court

painter, Nicholas

Hilliard (c1547–1619),

is best known for his

miniature paintings.

KEEPING HEALTHYYear 2 History

Now

Modern

BritainStone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


23.11.1805 Mary Seacole born in Jamaica

12.5.1820 Florence Nightingale born in

Italy

Nov 1854 Florence arrived in Crimea and

found soldiers being poorly

cared for, overworked medical

staff, medicines in short supply

and no equipment to prepare

food.

1855 Mary Seacole spent her own

money to travel to the Crimea.

She started her own hospital

called ‘The British Hotel’ to help

sick and injured soldiers.

1857 Mary returns to England

homeless. The army general

and soldiers were disgusted so a

fund raising gala was held over

4 nights in London and

thousands of people attended

9.7.1860 Nightingale Training School set

up at St Thomas’ Hospital

14.5.1881 Mary Seacole died

13.8.1910 Florence Nightingale died


hygiene keeping clean to prevent the spread of illnesses

sanitisation To reduce germs to a safe level

medicines Used to treat illnesses

herbal Food or medicines made using herbs

herb A type of plant

remedies A medicine or treatment of illness or injury

injury Can be a wound, cut, bruise or break of part

of the body

legacy The mark a person leaves on the rest of the

world

Significant individuals who have contributed to national

and international achievements

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale, also known as The Lamp with the

Lamp, worked as a nurse during the Crimean War. She is

a founder of modern day nursing and trained other

nurses. She made hospitals cleaner places to stay to stop

the spread of illnesses. A lot more patients recovered

because of the better care that they received. I883 she

was awarded the Royal Red Cross by Queen Victoria.

Today nurses can receive a Florence Nightingale medal for

providing good care during war. During the Covid-19

pandemic temporary NHS Nightingale Hospitals were set up

International Nurses Day is celebrated every year on 12th

May – her birthday

Mary Seacole

Mary’s mother was a healer in Jamaica. She taught Mary many

of her skills using traditional Jamaican herbal medicines. Mary

used these during the Crimean War and are still used today. For

example:

Aloe Vera – mixed to help heal cuts and wounds

Lemongrass – boiled to help fever

Ginger – ground to help diarrhoea

Lemons- mixed to help coughs

Okra – chopped to help heal boils

A charity called The Mary Seacole Trust was set up to educate

the public about her life, work and achievements. There are

statues of her in London and many building in Jamaica named

after her.

Now

Modern

Britain

BRITAIN’S BEGINNINGSYear 3 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


814,000BCE Earlier footprints and evidence of flints made into tools, in

Britain

40,000BCE Homo Sapiens arrived in Britain

33,000BCE Ice Age drove humans out of Britain

11,000BCE Humans returned to Britain

6,000BCE Doggerland flooded, forming the English Channel, cutting off

Britain from the rest of Europe

4400BCE People began to settle across Britain. The beginning of farming

3180BCE Village built at Skara Brae, in the Orkney Islands, in Scotland

2200BCE Bronze Age began in Britain – evidence of travel over sea by

boat to trade copper, tin and salt

2,000BCE Stonehenge was completed (evidence of religion and culture).

Fields with stone walls were built

1,200BCE First hillforts - evidence of tribal kingdoms

800BCE The Iron Age began

120BCE Coins were used for the first time, in Britain

55BCE Britons in war-chariots defeated the Romans


prehistory The period of time in the past before people

could write

human We are human but there have been

different ‘types’ of human, over time,

including Neanderthals

Homo

sapiens

The scientific name for modern humans.

Homo means ‘man’ and sapiens means ‘wise’

hunter

gatherers

Groups of people who get food by hunting,

fishing, and foraging rather than by

farming

climate The weather conditions in an area over a

long period of time (during the last ice age,

the climate in Britain was extremely cold)

tools The first stone tools were made 3.3 million

years ago

village A group of houses where people choose to live

near each other

agriculture Farming

Stonehenge A group of standing stones on Salisbury

Plain in southern England

fossil The preserved remains of plants or animals

Significant events that have impacted upon life today from prehistoric times

include: the development of communities (Skara Brae), tribal kingdoms and

farming, religion (Stonehenge), technology and travel.

Round Houses

Stonehenge

Hillfort

When – Timeline of Key Events

1070 Dudley Castle was built

1646 Dudley Castle partly demolished

1768 Work began on constructing the canal

by James Brindley

1796 Chain making began in Netherton by

Noah Hingley

1840s The Black Country got its name -

either from the smoke from

factories, or the coal that was found

in this area

1850 First railways lines laid and

Parkhead railway viaduct constructed

using wood

1858 Brierley Hill railway station opened

1880 Parkhead viaduct rebuilt using bricks

1912 The Titanic sank, with anchors and

chains made in Netherton

1962 Brierley Hill railway station closed

1968 The last colliery, in Baggeridge closed

1978 The Black Country Living Museum

opened to the public


Black

Country

A place in the West Midlands with no official

boundary lines. All of Dudley, parts of

Sandwell and Walsall are consider The Black

Country

castle a large building with high walls and towers

that was built in the past to protect against

attack

demolish deliberately breaking a building

smelting the process of removing pure metal from its

ore

canal waterways that are built by people.

locally know as ‘the cut’ due to the ground

being cut out by people

railway tracks that are laid by people for trains to

travel along

chain a series of metal links or rings

smoke a cloud of gas and dust that is caused by

burning

factory a building where objects are made

colliery a coal mine

museum a place where interesting objects from the past

are shown to the public

Now

Modern

Britain

BOSTIN’ BLACK COUNTRYYear 3 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

James Brindley

Titanic anchor in Netherton

Parkhead Viaduct, Holly Hall

Brierley Hill gets its

name from the Anglo

Saxon times:

‘Briar’ – Briar rose

that grew there

‘Leah’ – meaning

woodland

‘Hill’ – Same meaning

as today

A local history study tracing several aspects of national history

reflected in the locality.

Why do we have a canal network near Woodside? Why was

this network important? How has this changed over time?

Why were railway networks significant? How has this changed

over time? Are there any future plans for transportation

changes near Woodside? What impact will this have?


c. 2000BCE The Mayan civilisation emerges in Central America

c. 100BCE First city states appear and hierarchy emerges

c. 250CE The ‘classical’ period begins, urbanisation begins - city

states began to take over smaller neighbouring cities.

c. 300CE Mayan settlements become centres for trade across the

region. Good such as stone and chocolate are traded with

neighbouring city states.

c. 600CE Mayan settlements support an increasing population,

growing at a fast rate due to plentiful food supply.

c. 650CE Caracol, one of the main Mayan cities is increasingly

populated and expands over a large area becoming an

important centre.

c. 900CE Mayan centres become less important, perhaps because of a

widespread drought, but no clear reason has yet emerged.

1500CE Ships with Spanish explorers arrive. They brought diseases

with them which killed many Mayans.

1519CE Hernan Cortes - A Spanish explorer. Conquered the

Mayans and began to remove Mayan culture.

Key Facts

Priest Held the regular rituals surrounding

the temple possibly including

sacrifice.

Pharmacist Provided natural medicines which

kept the people very healthy.

Farmer Irrigated fields and provided food

for the city

Astronomy Very accurate charts of the moon

Sculpture Mainly of the human form

Architecture Stepped temples providing a route

into religion

Medicine Many natural cures still used today

Number

system

Developed independent of the Arabic

system. More advanced and logical

SWEET LIKE CHOCOLATE!Year 3 History

Stone Age

800,000BCE

Bronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Ancient

Greeks

500BCE

Ancient

Sumer

5000BCE

Indus

Valley

2500BCE

Ancient

Egypt

3300BCE

1600BCE

Shang

DynastyEarly

Islam

700CE

Mayan

900CE

Benin

A non-European society that provides a contrast with

British History. Compare to the Anglo-Saxon times

(introduction to key aspects) – settlements, religion,

trade and invasions,

1st Church

Whithorn

Scotland

Chichen Itza

Maya

Calendar

System

The greatest difference between the Maya region

and England at this time was that a Maya city

state was a single seat of power for the king (ajaw)

or high priest of that city: whereas, an Anglo-Saxon

king controlled all the settlements in their territory:

villages, towns and cities. These were much larger

regions than those controlled by Maya kings and

high priests.

Compare Maya

Ajaws (rulers)

to Anglo-Saxon

Kings

Evidence of

culture and

religion

Now

Modern

Britain

OUT WITH A BANG!Year 4 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

480CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


54BCE Julius Caesar’s first invades

Britain.

43CE Roman army lands in Britain.

Successful invasion ordered by

Claudius.

61CE Iceni revolt led by Boudicca

79 CE Eruption of Mount Versuvius

122CE Construction of Hadrian’s wall

200CE Introduction of Christianity

306CE Constantine proclaimed

emperor in York

406CE Suevi, Alans, Vandals and

Burgundians attack Gaul, and

break contact between Rome

and Britain: Remaining Roman

army in Britain mutinies

408CE Devastating attacks by the

Picts, Scots and Saxons

409CE Britons expel Roman officials

and fight for themselves

410CE Britain is independent


Romulus and

Remus

Mythical brothers, who were raised by a she-

wolf and fought to found a city.

Celts The name given to the collection of different

tribes that lived in Britain, and other areas

of Europe, before the invasion of the Romans

Legionary Male citizen of Rome who fought in the

heavily armed legions of the Roman army.

Centurion Leaders of a Roman century, made up of 80

soldiers

Boudicca British queen of the Iceni tribe

Trade Imports included: coin, pottery, olive oil, wine,

olives, salt fish, & glass. Exports included:

metals (silver, gold, lead, iron & copper), salt

& agricultural products.

Economy Mining and agriculture generated finances.

By the 3rd century, Britain's economy was

diverse and well established

Settlements Romans established a number of important

settlements, many of which still survive. They

introduced the idea of a town as a centre of

power and administration.

Religion Druids outlawed by Claudius, however,

Britain’s continued to worship Celtic deities.

Christianity introduced to Britain in c. 200.

How has the Roman Empire impacted on

Britain today?

Roman legacy continues on in Britain

today.

The Roman army were extremely

powerful. Today, some of the strategies

to protect, such as the testudo formation,

are used in the police force.

Romans were the first to build towns and

straight roads.

The cities of London, York and Bath were

Roman towns. Also towns ending in –

caster, -chester and –cester were built by

Romans. Every town had its own bath,

like a public swimming pool. They also

invented a central heating system.

Before the Romans, there was no written

language. They taught Britons to read

and write in Latin. Some of todays

words come from Latin, for example

victory, versus and lavatory.

The calendar was started by Julius

Caesar.

Coins, laws and the legal system were also

introduced to Britain during this time.

How do we know about

the past?

Monks, like Gildas the

Wise and Bede, kept a

diary of events

Now

Modern

Britain

INVADERS AND SETTLERSYear 4 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


408 Devastating attacks by the Picts in

North, Scots (from now Ireland)

and Saxons (mainland Europe)

430 First Christian church in Britain

is built in Whithorn, Scotland

450 German Saxons settle in Kent

516 Battle of Mount Badon

570 Heptarchy emerges in England

597 St Augustine brings Christianity

to England from Rome

600 First Law Code written in English

in Aethelbert’s kingdom in Kent

613 Northumbrian kings rule over

most of England

664 Synod of Whitby held

731 Bede completes ecclesiastical history

757 Offa becomes king of Mercia and

arguably first king of all

England

789 First recorded Viking attack

(Dorset)

793 Viking attack on Lindisfarne


Anglo-

Saxons

Name given to a variety of

different tribes who invaded

Britain from mainland

Europe following the retreat

of the Romans.

The

Heptarchy

refers to the seven kingdoms

of Northumbria, Mercia,

East Anglia, Essex, Sussex,

Wessex and Kent

Paganism Multi-god religion practised

in Northern Europe. Later

replaced by Christianity.

Woden One-eyed king of the pagan

gods, known for his wisdom.

Wednesday is named after

him.

Frige Queen of the pagan gods,

protected the home,

marriages and pregnant

women. Friday is named

after her.

Runes The alphabet that was

used by the Anglo-Saxons

to write.

Sutton

Hoo

Archaeological excavation of

an Anglo-Saxon burial site

in Suffolk.

How have the Anglo-Soxons and Scots invasions impacted on Britain today?

The Anglos-Saxons divided into seven kingdoms (The Heptarchy), each with their own

King. Today was still use many of the symbols and names created by the Anglo-Saxons

Whilst Constantine was in Gaul and Hispania (France and Spain) fighting back barbarians, the Picts, Scots and

Saxons (from Northern Germania) launched devastating raids. The Romano-Britains were angry at the empire for

not protecting them and the constant pillaging and attacks caused Britannia to break up and by AD 410, it would

never be part of the Roman Empire again.

Religion - A monk, called Augustine, travelled from Rome under the Pope’s

orders to change the religion of the people from Pagan to Christianity

Art and Culture - In 2009, there was a discovery Anglo-Saxon gold and silver

metalwork now know as the Staffordshire Hoard.. This has helped

archaeologists and historians better understand the amazing craftsmanship of

the Anglo-Saxons as the pieces are of an extremely high quality.

1st Church

Whithorn

Scotland

Now

Modern

Britain

INVADERS AND SETTLERSYear 4 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


793 Raids of monasteries, including Lindisfarne Priory

796 After the death of King Offa, Mercia and Wessex Kingdoms battled for

control over England

865 Great Viking army from Denmark invaded England

866 Danes captured York (which the Vikings called Jorvik) and made it their

kingdom.

876 Vikings from Denmark, Norway and Sweden settled permanently in

England.

886 King Alfred ‘the Great’ defeated the Vikings but allowed them to settle in

Eastern England. The land the Vikings controlled was named Danelaw,

because the rules of these lands came from the Danish (Danes) and Norse

overlords.

927 The kingdoms of England were united by King Æthelstan (1st King of England) - Wessex ruled the other kingdoms

954 Eric Bloodaxe, Viking ruler of Northumbria, was expelled from Jorvik.

Whole of England under Anglo-Saxon control

991 King Æthelred (‘the Unready’) paid the first Danegeld ransom to stop Danish (Viking) attacks on England

1013 The Danes conquered England - Æthelred fled to Normandy

1016 Dane, King Cnut - became King of England

1042 Saxon, Edward the Confessor became king

1066 Edward the Confessor died, Battle of Stamford Bridge, Battle of Hastings


invade To attack, to enter with the intention to take over

defeat To beat an enemy

conquer To beat an enemy and control them using force

monastery A building where monks live, work and pray

Danelaw The Eastern area of England ruled by the Vikings

Jorvik The Viking name for York (in North East

England)

expel To force (someone) to leave a place

flee/fled To run away from danger

the Confessor The short form of Confessor of the Faith A title given by the Christian Church to a type of

saint

Beowulf Geatish hero of an epic poem, which tells of how

he defeated the monster Grendel.

Taefl Popular battle board game played by the Anglo-

Saxons, Vikings and Celts.

Shield-wall Defensive formation used in battle, where

warriors’ shields overlap for protection.

Hastings Location of a battle where the invading Normans

defeated King Harold Godwinson.

Bayeux

Tapestry

Embroidery showing the story of the Norman

Conquest, and defeat of the Anglo-Saxons by

William the Conqueror.

Laws and

Justice

King Alfred

the Great

made a treaty

with invaders

saying that

the lives of

both the

Anglo-Saxon

and

Scandinavians

will be treated

as equal.

The Anglo-Saxon and Viking struggles for the Kingdom of England.


776 BCE First Olympic Games

620 BCE Aesop born (storyteller of Fables)

505 BCE Cleisthenes introduces democracy in Athens

490 BCE Persian army outnumbered the Athenians

at the Battle of Marathon, yet the

Athenians managed to achieve a dramatic

victory.

461 BCE

446BCE

Peloponnesian wars between Sparta and

Athens

449 BCE Construction of Parthenon begins

432 BCE Parthenon built

420 BCE Construction of Temple of Athena

359 BCE Philip II becomes King of the Greeks

conquering the north

344 BCE Alexander the Great unified the Greek

cities

356 BCE Alexander the Great defeats Persians at

Issus and is given Egypt

1896 First modern Olympic Games begin


Theatre Story telling art form based on acting on stages. Ancient

Greek plays were Comedies or Tragedies.

Masks Face masks worn by Greek actors to portray emotions and

represent characters.

Hydria Greek water pot.

Hoplite Heavily armoured Greek warrior.

Phalanx Close fighting formation used by hoplites, where shields were

used to protect each other.

Parthenon Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, the matron

goddess of Athens.

Zeus King of the Greek gods. Was responsible for the sky,

lightning, thunder and justice.

Hera Queen of the Greek gods. Was responsible for women,

marriage and childbirth.

Democracy Form of government where people vote to make decisions, or

choose leaders.

Heracles Mythical Greek hero who undertook twelve impossible

labours.

Trojan

Horse

Hollow, wooden horse used by the Greeks to trick the

Trojans into opening the gates of Troy.

Olympics World-wide sporting event that takes place every four

years. Originally honoured Zeus.

Minotaur Half-man, half-bull monster, fought by Theseus.

Now

Modern

Britain

GROOVY GREEKSYear 4 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

Ancient

Greeks

500BCE

Ancient Greece – Greek life, achievements and their

influence on the western world

Democracy, Olympic Games, Alphabet, Theatre

How do we know about the past?

In the early 1900s, an archaeologist called Sir Arthur Evans

discovered the ruins of a large complex on the island of Crete.

Democracy was

developed in Athena -

a system of

government designed to

give adult men the

right to vote on how

the city state would

make rules and laws.

Olympic Games

originated in

Olympia, an

ancient Geek

city state.

Theatre

The Ancient Greeks

brought theatre to the

world. Comedies and

tragedies are

genres entertainment

that we still enjoy

today.

The Alphabet

Many of the

letters we use

today in our

reading and

writing were

developed by the

Ancient Greeks.


ancient Extremely old

civilisation The level of development where people live together

peacefully in communities

hieroglyphics A pictorial form of ancient writing

Pharaoh An ancient Egyptian ruler (king or queen)

agriculture Farming

tomb A large grave above ground usually with a

sculpture or decoration on it.

monument Large structure usually made of stone, which built

to remind people of an event in history

mummification The process in which the flesh and skin of a corpse

(dead body) is preserved.

merchants People who buy or sell goods in large quantities

pyramid A structure with triangular sides built as an

Egyptian tomb.

burial chamber A room that is often below ground level that is

used to bury the remains of the dead.

HOW OLD? ANCIENT!Year 5 History

Stone Age

800,000BCE

Bronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Ancient

Greeks

500BCE

Ancient

Sumer

5000BCE

Indus

Valley

2500BCE

Ancient

Egypt

3300BCE

1600BCE

Shang

DynastyEarly

Islam

700CE

Mayan

900CE

Benin

When – Timeline of key events in Ancient Egypt

7500 BCE First settlers in Nile valley

3500 BCE First use of hieroglyphic symbols

3100 BCE Narmer unites regions of Lower and Upper Egypt.

2650 BCE First step pyramid built

2600BCE Old Kingdom

2550 BCE Pyramids at Giza built

2335 BCE Pyramid texts written (magical spells to protect pharaohs)

2000 BCE Middle Kingdom

1540 BCE New Kingdom

1472 BCE Hatshepsut becomes caretaker ruler (later declares herself pharaoh)

1336 BCE Tutankhamen becomes pharaoh

1279 BCE Ramses II becomes pharaoh

1100 BCE Upper & Lower Egypt split

332 BCE Alexander the Great conquers Egypt

196 BCE Rosetta stone carved

30 BCE Egypt becomes a Roman Province

1922 CE Carter discovers Tutankhamen’s tomb

Civilisation When? Ancient Sumer circa 5000 BCE Ancient Egypt circa 3300 BCE Indus Valley circa 2500 BCE The Shang Dynasty circa 1600 BCE

Where? Iraq, S.W. Asia The Nile River, Egypt, N.E Africa Indus River, Pakistan/India, S. Asia The Yellow River, China, Asia

Greatest Achievement Cuneiform Calendar Sanitation Bronze

Facts about their greatest

achievement

It was the first form of writing ever recorded.

It began as record keeping for trade and was later

used for laws and stories.

It first consisted of pictures but then evolved into

shapes and symbols.

The year was divided up into three main seasons for

farming: inundation, growing and harvest .

Each season had four months, with each month divided

into 30 days (360 days).

Five religious days were added to honour the gods .

Many water supply and sanitation devices that were

the first of their kind

World's earliest known system of flush toilets.

Sewage was disposed of through underground

drains

Bronze was used for weapons, parts of chariots, and ritual vessels.

The Shang perfected a complicated process, known as piece mould

casting

Some of the bronze objects of Shang dynasty represent the most

remarkable achievement in the history of metal-craft before

modern times


Star A burning mass of gas which makes heat and light energy (eg. the sun).

Planet An astronomical object that orbits a star and does not emit its own light. It can be terrestrial (dense and rocky) or Jovian (gas giant).

Gravity The force that attracts an object towards a larger object.

Solar System A star with objects (such as planets) revolving around it.

Light-year The distance light travels in a year (≈9.46 trillion km).

Galaxy An extremely large group of stars and planets that extends over many billions of light-years, held together by gravity (E.g. Milky Way and Andromeda.

Universe All of space and everything in it (including stars, planets and galaxies).

Satellite An object either natural (E.g. a moon) or man-made, that orbits around a planet.

Orbit A curved path of a planet, satellite or spacecraft around an object such as the sun due to the attraction of gravity.

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration – a US agency responsible for the exploration and study of space.

Meteor A mass of rock that burns after entering the Earth’s atmosphere (meteorite when the rock has cooled on Earth)

INFINITY AND BEYOND!Year 5 History

Neil Armstrong takes the first steps

on the moon.

Key Facts - Solar System Missions & Humans in Space

Sputnik 1 The first man-made satellite to orbit the Earth, launched by the Soviet

Union in 1957.

Mars Landers and

Rovers

First launched in 1975 with plans to launch again in 2020 as part of

the mission to get man on mars by 2030.

Galileo Launched 1989 exploring Jupiter and its moons.

Hubble Telescope Launched 1990 - captured images of both our own and distant galaxies

Cassini Launched 1997 - exploring Saturn and its rings.

Neil Armstrong First person on the moon in 1969 aboard Apollo 11.

Yuri Gagarian First human in space 1961, aboard the Vostok 1.

Laika The first animal in space was a dog aboard Sputnik 2 in 1957.

The International Space Station

Now

Modern

Britain

LOCAL LEISURE LEGENDSYear 5 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


Sport - Football Television Other Technology Music and Radio

1863 Football Association founded in England.

1871 First FA Cup

1877 Thomas Edison invented the phonograph.

1887 Emile Berliner invented the gramophone.

1904 The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was founded

1905 The 78RPM standard record player was introduced.

1924 The first television is invented.

1934 32 countries entered the World Cup qualifiers

1940 The first colour television is invented.

1942 The first digital computer is built.


invention the creation of a

process or device

gramophone old-fashioned

record player

compact disc a small plastic

disc where music

and information

is stored

portable The ability to be

carried at ease

transistor A device with

three connections

capable of

amplification

leisure time for when

your are is not

working

entertainment An action

providing

amusement or

enjoyment

amateur not advance or

professional

profession a paid job

programme A presentation on

the television or

radio

Local Legends

Duncan Edwards (1936-

1958) was born in

Malvern Crescent,

Woodside. He played for

Manchester United and

England

Lenny Henry (b1958) was

born in Dudley. He

founded the charity

Comic Relief. In 2005 he

was knighted for he

services to drama and

charity.

Beverley Knight (b1973) is

a singer from

Wolverhampton, who was

awarded an MBE in

2006 for her services to

music and charity.

1951 The first video tape recorder is invented.

1954 First transistor radio

1962 First portable stereo

1966 England won the World Cup.

1972 The first video game, Pong, is invented.

1973 The first call on a mobile phone is made.

1983 The compact disc (CD)

1989 The first high definition (HD) television appears.

1990 The world wide web is created.

1995 DVDs are invented.

2001 Apple’s first iPod

2018 Video Assistant Referee (VAR) written into Laws of the Game

Now

Modern

Britain

THE TUDORSYear 6 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons and

Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

And Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

Timeline of Key events

Henry VII

becomes King

1485

Henry VII became King following the Battle of Bosworth. He ended the War of the Roses by uniting the

rival houses of York and Lancaster by marrying Elizabeth Woodville, daughter of Edward IV.

Henry VIII

becomes King

1509

Second son of Henry VII, he was a fierce ruler and often referred to as a ‘tyrant’. He had six wives as

he desperately sought an heir to the throne. Henry broke away from the Catholic church in Rome

because they refused to grant him a divorce.

Catherine

of Aragon

M 1509-1533

Divorced

Anne

Boleyn

M 1533-1536

Beheaded

Jane

Seymour

M 1536-1537

Died

Anne

of Cleves

M 1540-1540

Divorced

Catherine

Howard

M 1540-1542

Beheaded

Catherine

Parr

M 1543-1547

Survived

Edward VI

becomes King

1547

Son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour. He became King at 9 years old and died when he was only 16 years

old. He was a Protestant.

Mary I becomes

Queen

1553

Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of

Aragon. She was Roman Catholic and had the nickname ‘Bloody Mary’ as she signed 300 death

warrants for those who did not support her religion.

Elizabeth I

becomes Queen

1558

Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She was a Protestant. Elizabeth I never married or had any

children.

The Tudor Rose – made up of

the red rose of Lancaster and

the white rose of the Yorks.

War Of

the Roses

The Wars of the Roses were

battles fought from 1455-1485

for control of the throne of

England. The House of

Lancaster and the House of

York fought for thirty years

before the House of Lancaster's

Henry VII finally won and

ended the war.

The

Reformation

When Henry VIII split with

Rome. Instead of the Pope

being head of the Church,

Henry Made himself head of

the Church. The people that

followed these teaching were

called Protestants.

Now

Modern

Britain

CRIME AND PUNISHMENTYear 6 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-

Saxons

andScots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-

Saxons

andVikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians


43CE Roman times punishments included flogging, beating, repaying the cost of

stolen goods, amputation of limbs, execution or exile, crucifixion or thrown to

the lions and being forced to become a gladiator.

1100s Medieval punishments included the hanging cage, iron maiden, the rack,

pillory, the breaking wheel and the iron chair.

1485 Tudor punishments included: public executions, beheading, hanging, boiling

alive, whipping, pillory and the ducking stool (for women).

1605 Guy Fawkes committed treason by attempting to assassinate King James I.

Known today as the Gunpowder Plot.

1787 The first prisoners are transported from Britain to Australia.

1800 The first professional police force in the UK, was set up in Glasgow. At the

time, the City of Glasgow police undertook more duties than modern police,

including firefighting.

1829 Robert Peel set up the first professional police in England in London, after

The Metropolitan Police Act' of 1829.

1837 Prison became the most popular form of punishment.

1868 The last public hanging in UK

1902 Harry Jackson, first person to be convicted using fingerprinting evidence.

1965 Capital punishment is abolished.

1986 DNA profiling used to identify criminals.

1987 Corporal punishment is abolishing in British state schools.


victim a person who has been attacked, injured or killed, as

a result of a crime, accident or illness.

convicted when you have been found guilty for committing a

crime.

jury a group of people (normally 12) who decide whether

someone is guilty or not guilty during a trial.

court the place where legal trials take place to decide

whether someone is guilty or not guilty of committing

a crime.

treason A crime against the monarch punishable by death

arson the act of starting a fire for the purpose of

destroying or damaging property.

stocks a a wooden device used to restrain

exile a punishment given where you are barred from

somewhere, normally a country.

defendant the person in a trial who has been accused of doing a

crime

dungeon a strong, underground prison

beheading cutting of someone’s head

ransom a sum of money demanded to be paid

torture a punishment that produces pain

guilty responsible for doing something wrong


11.8.1939 The Dowding System was operational

1.9.1939 Hitler invaded Poland

3.9.1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany

Jan 1940 Rationing introduced across the UK

10.5.1940 Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain,

replacing Neville Chamberlain

27.5.1940 Evacuation from Dunkirk began and France

surrendered to Germany

10.7.1940 Germany launches air attacks on Great Britain (The

Battle of Britain and the Blitz began) Germany, Italy

and Japan signed the Tripartite Pact creating the axis

alliance.

31.10.1940 Battle of Britain ended

7.12.1941 The Japanese attack the US navy in Pearl Harbor. The

next day, the USA enters the war fighting with the

allies

6 .6.1944 D-Day and the Normandy invasion. Allied forces invade

France and push back the Germans

7.5.1945 Germany surrendered and victory in Europe is declared

—VE Day

14.8.1945 Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

2.8.1945 Japan surrendered—VJ Day signalling the end of

WW2

July 1954 Rationing ends in the UK


Allies Countries which fought on the British side

Evacuee Someone who was evacuated, moved from a danger area to a safer

place (normally from the cities to rural areas

Black out System of ensuring no lights were visible after dark so that buildings

could not be spotted by enemy planes

Rationing The controlled distribution of scarce resources (mainly food & clothing)

Air raid shelter A building to protect people from bombs dropped by planes

Anderson

Shelter

Made of corrugated iron. Usually at the end of the garden

Morrison Shelter Metal cage used inside the house. Could double as a kitchen table

Trenches A long, narrow ditch used for troops to shelter from enemy fire or

attack

Axis Countries which fought on the German side

Nazi Member of the fascist German political party which came to power in

1933. Symbol = swastika

Blitz Series of aerial bombing raids on the UK, mainly cities including

London, Bristol & Nottingham

Holocaust Mass murder of Jews and other groups of people by the Nazis

Fascism Right wing political view associated with not allowing opposition and

total control by a dictator

Blitzkrieg Translated as ‘lightning war’. German quick strike invasion of

Western Europe

Luftwaffe The German Air Force (responsible for the Blitz)

Enigma A machine used by the Nazis to send coded messages

Now

Modern

Britain

BRAVERYYear 6 History

Stone

AgeBronze

AgeRomans

43CE

Iron

Age

800BCE2300BCE

Anglo-Saxons

and Scots

410CE 790CE

Anglo-Saxons

and Vikings

Normans

1066

Tudors

1485

Great

Fire of

London

1666 1780

Industrial

Revolution

1939-1945

World

War II

World

War I

1914-19181837

Victorians

year 1 history marvellous me!

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