yes, games can improve self-care habits. field study results of attack of the s. mutans! 3d...
DESCRIPTION
Attack of the S. Mutans! by Firsthand Technology Presented at Games for Health 2011 by Howard Rose Multi-player 3D game to promote oral health and improve self-care. Report of field study data showing significant improvements in behavior and self-efficacy. Includes video of game segments and cut scene. Project Funded by NIH: NIDCR and NIMHDTRANSCRIPT
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Howard Rose M.Ed. [email protected]. Jacqueline Pickrell [email protected]
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University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
What Am I Playing (with)?
Soundrop
Osmos HD
Beatwave
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
SBIR This research was conducted thanks to a Small Business Innovation Research Grant from NIH.
Reauthorization of SBIR legislation is currently being debated in Congress and is in JEAPORDY!
SBIR is very important to the future of innovation in the Games for Health Community.
Please Get Informed and Involved. Here are some sites to start with. (not an endorsement)
http://www.zyn.com/sbir/http://www.sbircoach.com
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
• VR Analgesia
• Exposure Therapy
• PTSD Therapy
Firsthand Technology
Howard Rose & Ari Hollander Co-PI
www.firsthand.com [email protected]
Serious Games for
Health
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
School of Dentistry
• Dental Fear Clinic• Improve Self-care• Increase Access• Minority Disparities Clinic
Dental Public Health
Dr. Jacqueline Pickrell: cognitive psychologist
Dr. Peter Milgrom: dental expert
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Tooth
DietBacteria
Time
Oral environment factors
Dental Caries Personal factors
Saliva
Fluoride
Plaque PH
Sugars
Behavior Socio-economic Status
Income
Dental Insurance
KnowledgeAttitudes
(From Selwitz et al; 2007 adapted from Fejerskov & Manji, 1990)
Access to Care
The Oral Health Problem
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
This is a video of this cut scene from Attack of the S. Mutans! Dentisha is in her workshop piecing together the story of S. mutans bacteria and acid attacking her teeth.
See the 1 minute video:
Smaller file: http://www.firsthand.com/AOTSM_video/DentishaWorkshopSm.mov
High-res: http://www.firsthand.com/AOTSM_video/DentishaInHerWorkshop.zip
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Taking on Tween’s
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Taking on Tween’s
This is the first generation of families where both the children AND parents grew up gaming.
o Make fun work for you, not against you.
o Fit with the 8 to 12-year-old brain
o 3D Advantage of immersion (presence)
o Games create a “New Place”, frame of experience.
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
• Brush twice daily • Brush long enough and well enough (2 min*)
• Use fluoride toothpaste
• Eat sugar wisely
Behavioral Outcome Goals
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Focus Group Data• Children said tooth brushing is important
– 30% report brushing 2x day on a regular basis
– Majority believed “Food” causes cavities
– Most report they like going to the dentist
– With age came knowledge…
• Parents felt children lacked motivation to brush
• Dental visits lacked impact on motivation
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Focus Group Data• Children said tooth brushing is important
– 30% report brushing 2x day on a regular basis
– Majority believed “Food” causes cavities
– Most report they like going to the dentist
– With age came knowledge…
• Parents felt children lacked motivation to brush
• Dental visits lacked impact on motivation
Knowledge is necessary but not sufficient.
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Self-care FrequencyReality vs “Should”
How Often Do You Brush?
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Toothbrushing Frequency By Age
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
8-10 11-12
Age in Years
Mean # of Brushings per
Week
GirlsBoys
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
A Challenge of Access and Distribution
• Big audience in a Credible Venue
• Establish brand of the game & Dentisha character
• Controllable research environment
Initial Strategy: Health Game Spectacle via Science Museum Venue
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Who is Dentisha?
Feedback from focus group testingIterative design evolution
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Streptococcus mutans
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Biofilm
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
5 Player Game Pod
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Watch a short video of the Attack of the S. Mutans! game:
Smaller file: http://www.attackofthemutans.com/game.html
High-res: http://attackofthemutans.com/media/AOTSM_game_large.ogv
NEXT, I will give a quick overview of the 2000 sq. ft. science museum exhibit. A field study was performed at Pacific Science Center in Seattle, May 2010 to measure health efficacy. Results are presented.
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Exhibit Overview
4-Stage cognitive intervention
1. Get attention & establish the basics
2. Engage and motivate
3. Make it relevant & concrete
4. Tangible positive takeaways
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Exhibit Overview
4-Stage cognitive intervention
1. Get attention & establish the basics Biofilm & Crystal Projections
2. Engage and motivateCenterpiece Attack of the S. Mutans! 3D game
3. Make it relevant & concrete Hall of Excuses
4. Tangible positive takeaway messages X-ray Explorer, Keep Your Teeth, Text Panels
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Check Point #4
GAME PODS
Checkpoint
Hall of
Excuses
X-ray Decay
Detector
Keep Your Teeth
Tooth Formation
Biofilm & Bacteria Basics
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Hall of Excuses: Modeling BehaviorGame Creates a Teachable Moment
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Hall of ExcusesGame Creates a Teachable Moment
“Yeah, I would have brushed last night but….”
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
X-Ray Explorer
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Keep Your TeethLabyrinth game to illustrate concept of Risk. The holes close or grow according to game choices. KYT has been rebuilt for the iPad and will soon be available to the public.
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Exerimental Design
1. Children from 7 schools randomly assigned to one of three conditions
• two-thirds AOTSM treatment
• one-third control (SnowWorld)
2. 155 children who had at least one posttest available for analysis
3. Children were posttested (self-report survey) at 1 month, 3 months, and 8 months
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Composite of self-reported responses to 12 questions including:
How often do you:
Brush your teeth? Brush after every meal? Brush carefully on all surfaces?...
Oral Health Behavior for Children 11-12 years (0.05 alpha)
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Low = some high school Avg = some college High = undergrad or more
Self Efficacy for Older Children with Educated Parents
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
7 8 9 10 11 1200:00
00:43
01:26
02:09
02:52
03:36
04:19
Mean Task Completion Time
Age
TIm
e T
o C
om
ple
tion
(Real) 3D Games ControllersThe learning curve
Age 8: 2 minutes Age 12: 45 seconds
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
(Real) 3D Games ControllersThe learning curve
Why the difference?
• Cognitive Development
• Physical Development
• Unique vs Known Interface
• Accidental Success
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Financial Model
Who is going to pay for
games for Public Health?
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
FirsthandGame & Exhibit
as Catalyst(Initiated by NIH)
Science CentersHealth and Education Mission
Underserved PublicTough to reach but
needs reaching
Health Researchers & Care Providers
Front Line of Public Health and Disparities
Foundation and Corp. SponsorsInterest Driven
Building Partnerships A Game-Driven Public Health Initiative
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Lessons Learned
• Games can improve oral self-care
• Cognitive approach to behavior change can be effective
• Museums are a challenging environment for games but can be successful but BE NIMBLE!
• Development factors affect playing and learning new interfaces which affects health outcomes
• Funding requires partnerships, creativity and lots of leg work!
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Future Reserch
• What factors within games make them effective?
• How do games change the receptivity to information & relationships with care providers?
• How to build novel interfaces that are intuitive and fun?
• R&D of Real 3D controllers and UI
• Develop a social/financial model for doing public health games.
University of WashingtonSchool of Dentistry
Howard Rose M.Ed. [email protected]. Jacqueline Pickrell [email protected]